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1. Stockholm3-Magnetic Resonance Imaging Population-Based Prostate Cancer Screening Study: Two-Year Follow-up.
作者: Thorgerdur Palsdottir.;Chiara Micoli.;Martin Eklund.;Henrik Grönberg.;Fredrik Jäderling.;Derya Tilki.;Daniel W Lin.;Matthew R Cooperberg.;Scott E Eggener.;Kevin C Oeffinger.;Tobias Nordström.;Hari T Vigneswaran.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷7期988-995页
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing to screen for prostate cancer is controversial. An alternative approach, Stockholm3, combines PSA, plasma protein biomarkers, polygenic risk, and clinical factors into a multivariable risk score.
2. Expanding Technology-Enabled, Nurse-Delivered Chronic Disease Care : A Pragmatic, Randomized, Effectiveness-Implementation Trial.
作者: Matthew J Crowley.;Allison A Lewinski.;Qing Yang.;Daniel Hatch.;Anushka Palipana.;Hayden B Bosworth.;Brystana G Kaufman.;Ranee Chatterjee.;Gina Pennington.;Doreen Matters.;Donghwan Lee.;Diana Urlichich.;Hailey N Miller.;Jashalynn German.;Somin Sang.;Benjamin Smith.;Sarah Kokosa.;Patrick Gregory.;Cindy Leslie Roberson.;Holly Canupp.;Ryan J Shaw.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷7期968-979页
Comprehensive telehealth is used effectively for treatment-resistant chronic diseases in certain integrated health systems but has seldom been implemented in systems that provide mainly fee-for-service (FFS) care.
3. Multimodal Prehabilitation for Older Adults Undergoing Spinal Fusion : A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Shuaikang Wang.;Peng Wang.;Jun Li.;Di Han.;Yao Zhao.;Yang Zhang.;Zhongen Li.;Ying Du.;Nancy Briggs.;Yu Wang.;Wei Wang.;Xiangyu Li.;Qijun Wang.;Ashish D Diwan.;Zhicheng Zhang.;Tianlong Wang.;Yong Yang.;Chunde Li.;Xiaolong Chen.;Shibao Lu.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷7期938-947页
Older adults often have impaired physiologic reserve and are at higher risk for postoperative complications after spinal fusion surgery.
4. Tirzepatide Versus Intensified Conventional Care After 2 Years of Treatment in Early Type 2 Diabetes : A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Stefano Del Prato.;Robert J Heine.;Federico C Pérez Manghi.;Stanley H Hsia.;Elisa Gomez-Valderas.;Meltem Zeytinoglu.;Elisa Razzoli.;Jacek Kiljanski.;Palash Sharma.;Alastair Knights.;Vivian Thuyanh Thieu.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷7期917-928页
Initiation of treatment with tirzepatide, a once-weekly glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), early after a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) may establish better and more durable glycemic control than current treatment approaches per guidelines and clinical practice.
5. Twenty-Three-Year Benefits of Sigmoidoscopy Screening for Colorectal Cancer : A Randomized Trial.
作者: Edoardo Botteri.;Øyvind Holme.;Magnus Løberg.;Michael Bretthauer.;Mette Kalager.;Kristin Ranheim Randel.;Geir Hoff.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷6期804-811页
Meta-analyses of randomized trials have shown that sigmoidoscopy screening reduces colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and death for 15 years.
6. Low-Volume Polyethylene Glycol for Bowel Preparation in Hospitalized Adults : A Multicenter Randomized Trial.
作者: Leonardo Frazzoni.;Paola Cesaro.;Franco Radaelli.;Carlo Fabbri.;Simona Guglielmo.;Alessandro Mussetto.;Mauro Manno.;Cecilia Lina Pugliano.;Francesco Segatta.;Edoardo Pezzuto.;Emanuel Raschi.;Antonio Facciorusso.;Cesare Hassan.;Cristiano Spada.;Lorenzo Fuccio.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷6期785-793页
Adequate bowel preparation is essential for high-quality colonoscopy but remains challenging in hospitalized patients, and comparative data on preparation volume are limited.
7. Proximal Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the OSPREY Study : A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Atul Malhotra.;Alan R Schwartz.;Eric Lovett.;Nadine Juran.;Shaun A Nguyen.;Jose E Barrera.;Richard K Bogan.;Samuel A Mickelson.;Haresh Boghara.;Mitchell Miller.;Ofer Jacobowitz.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷6期812-822页
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS) is used to treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); however, evidence is limited for patients who cannot tolerate positive airway pressure therapy. Proximal HGNS (pHGNS) provides multicontact stimulation of proximal nerve portions, with easier electrode implantation than distal nerve stimulation.
8. Effectiveness of Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Chronic Low Back Pain : A Sequential, Multiple-Assignment, Randomized Trial.
作者: Julie M Fritz.;Richard L Skolasky.;Gerard Brennan.;Kate Minick.;Stephen T Wegener.;Elizabeth Lane.;Eric L Garland.;Rachel V Aaron.;Tyler Bardsley.;Nora Fino.;Yidan Zhang.;Jincheng Shen.;Molly B Conroy.;Stephen Hunter.;Adam Hanley.;Anne Thackeray.;Fenan S Rassu.;Kevin McLaughlin.;Danielle Cook.;Tom Greene.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷6期773-784页
Many treatments are recommended for chronic low back pain (cLBP), but comparative effectiveness and adaptive interventions have not been adequately studied.
9. The Effect of Fluvoxamine and Metformin for Fatigue in Patients With Long COVID : An Adaptive Randomized Trial.
作者: Gilmar Reis.;Eduardo Augusto Dos Santos Moreira Silva.;Daniela Carla Medeiros Silva.;Lehana Thabane.;Thiago Santiago Ferreira.;Luiza Lanna França Reis.;Ana Paula Figueiredo Guimaraes Almeida.;Marcela Menezes Amaral.;Leonardo Cançado Monteiro Savassi.;Vitoria Helena de Souza Campos.;Maria Izabel Campos Simplicio.;Luciene Barra Ribeiro.;Thalyne de Souza Medeiros.;Thais Campos Siqueira.;Taynara Silva Vieira.;Nayara Drumond Rausse.;Tereza Cristina Garofolo.;Eliane Carreiro Fagundes Silva.;Ofir Harari.;Gennaro D'Urso.;Jamie I Forrest.;Jay Park.;Jean B Nachega.;Christopher Lindsell.;Jeffrey S Glenn.;Kristian Thorlund.;Mark Dybul.;Edward J Mills.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷5期621-628页
Postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2, or long COVID, presents a major therapeutic challenge, with fatigue being a prevalent and debilitating symptom.
10. Timing of Pegfilgrastim Administration and Pegfilgrastim-Induced Bone Pain : A Prospective, Randomized, Phase 3 Trial.
作者: Peiyong Li.;Yitian Chen.;Yingyi Lin.;Xiaoqi Zhang.;Minyi Cheng.;Teng Zhu.;Hong-Fei Gao.;Liulu Zhang.;Jieqing Li.;Na Huang.;Yilin Chen.;Minting Liang.;Yuanqi Zhang.;Shengchao Huang.;Junqiu Zheng.;Cangui Wu.;Ciqiu Yang.;Kun Wang.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷5期656-665页
Pegfilgrastim-induced bone pain (PIBP) is common and lacks effective treatment.
11. Neither Metformin nor Ursodeoxycholic Acid Effectively Treats Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19 : A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: So Yun Lim.;Jacob Lee.;Euijin Chang.;Ji-Soo Kwon.;Choi Young Jang.;Yubin Seo.;Jin Ju Park.;Sun Hee Na.;Hyejin Park.;Hyeon Mu Jang.;Sung-Cheol Yun.;Sung-Han Kim.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷4期478-485页
There is no proven treatment to alleviate symptoms of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), despite its substantial public health burden.
12. Stable Supportive Footwear for Self-managing Hip Osteoarthritis Pain : A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Kade L Paterson.;Kim L Bennell.;Ben R Metcalf.;Fiona McManus.;Karen E Lamb.;Jesse Pardo.;Sarah Jones.;Rana S Hinman.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷4期469-477页
Few effective nonsurgical treatments exist for hip osteoarthritis. Footwear influences hip forces and may be a promising novel approach.
13. Effect of Social Vulnerability on Efficacy of Bariatric Surgery Versus Medical and Lifestyle Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis of the ARMMS-T2D Consortium of Randomized Trials.
作者: Mary Elizabeth Patti.;Bo Hu.;Sarah Kirschling.;Hanna J Wang.;Kathleen Foster.;Yael Sarig.;Donald C Simonson.;Danielle Wolfs.;David Arterburn.;Matthew J O'Brien.;Ashley H Vernon.;John M Jakicic.;Lori Laffel.;Sando Ojukwu.;Sangeeta R Kashyap.;Ali Aminian.;Philip R Schauer.;David E Cummings.;William F Gourash.;Anita Courcoulas.;John P Kirwan.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷3期353-361页
Social determinants of health (SDOH) can affect metabolic health.
14. Once-Weekly Oral Islatravir Plus Lenacapavir Versus Daily Oral Bictegravir, Emtricitabine, and Tenofovir Alafenamide in Persons With HIV-1 : A Phase 2 Randomized Study.
作者: Amy E Colson.;Gordon E Crofoot.;Peter J Ruane.;Moti N Ramgopal.;Alexandra W Dretler.;Ronald G Nahass.;Gary I Sinclair.;Mezgebe Berhe.;Afsoon Roberts.;Shauna Applin.;Cynthia Brinson.;Dushyantha Jayaweera.;Kimberly A Workowski.;Fadi Shihadeh.;Shan-Yu Liu.;Stephanie Klopfer.;Cyril Llamoso.;Sharline Madera.;Hadas Dvory-Sobol.;Martin S Rhee.;Elizabeth G Rhee.;Jared M Baeten.;Joseph J Eron.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷2期168-176页
Once-weekly oral islatravir plus lenacapavir (ISL+LEN) has the potential to address adherence challenges with daily HIV-1 treatment.
15. Integrating Methadone Services Into Primary Care in Ukraine: Two-Year Outcomes From a Randomized Trial.
作者: Eteri Machavariani.;Denise Esserman.;Kostyantyn Dumchev.;Myroslava Filippovych.;Iryna Pykalo.;Roman Ivasiy.;Lynn M Madden.;Daniel J Bromberg.;Marwan Haddad.;Olga Morozova.;David Oliveros.;Bachar Ahmad.;Sergii Dvoriak.;Frederick L Altice.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷2期177-186页
Opioid use disorder (OUD) drives high morbidity and mortality, but access to opioid agonist therapy (OAT) is limited in low- and middle-income countries. Integrating OAT into primary care may expand access and improve comorbidity management, although provider discomfort remains a barrier.
16. In older adults living in rural China, a primary care-based fall prevention program vs. usual care reduced self-reported falls at 1 y.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Geriatrics: [Formula: see text].
17. Interventions to Improve Advance Care Planning Documentation in the Electronic Health Record : A Cluster Randomized Trial.
作者: Anne M Walling.;Rebecca L Sudore.;Lisa Gibbs.;Maryam Rahimi.;Ron D Hays.;Chi-Hong Tseng.;Kanan Patel.;Katherine Santos.;Fernando Javier Sanz Vidorreta.;Aaron J Chau.;Juan Carlos Antonio Lopez.;Jamie Anand.;G Rick Marshall.;Anna DePaolis-Dickey.;Kirsten I Buen.;Douglas S Bell.;Christine S Ritchie.;Victor Gonzalez.;Neil S Wenger.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷1期42-50页
Advance care planning (ACP) can improve communication of patients' preferences but is underutilized in health systems.
18. In older adults at risk for dementia, a structured vs. self-guided lifestyle intervention improved cognitive function over 2 y.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Geriatrics: [Formula: see text] Public Health: [Formula: see text].
19. In adults with obesity but without type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide increased weight loss at 72 wk compared with semaglutide.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Endocrinology: [Formula: see text].
20. The Mediterranean Diet for Irritable Bowel Syndrome : A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Joy O Bamidele.;Grace M Brownlow.;Rosie M Flack.;Rachel L Buckle.;Christian C Shaw.;Mohamed G Shiha.;Imran Aziz.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷12期1709-1717页
Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) frequently seek dietary advice, but few evidence-based options exist. Major societal guidelines recommend traditional dietary advice (TDA) as first-line therapy, with the cumbersome and resource-intensive low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) diet reserved as second-line therapy. Recent pilot data suggest that the Mediterranean diet (MD), renowned for its general health benefits, improves IBS symptoms, but whether it can be considered another first-line dietary option is unknown.
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