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1. Discordance in Creatinine- and Cystatin C-Based eGFR and Clinical Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis.
作者: Michelle M Estrella.;Shoshana H Ballew.;Yingying Sang.;Morgan E Grams.;Josef Coresh.;Aditya Surapaneni.;Natalia Alencar de Pinho.;Johan Ärnlöv.;Hermann Brenner.;Juan-Jesus Carrero.;Teresa K Chen.;Debbie L Cohen.;Mary Cushman.;Ron T Gansevoort.;Shih-Jen Hwang.;Lesley A Inker.;Joachim H Ix.;Keiko Kabasawa.;Tsuneo Konta.;Jennifer S Lees.;Kevan R Polkinghorne.;Michael G Shlipak.;Robin W M Vernooij.;David C Wheeler.;Ashok Kumar Yadav.;Andrew S Levey.;Kai-Uwe Eckardt.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷21期1915-1926页
Estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) can differ according to whether creatinine or cystatin C is used for the eGFR calculation, but the prevalence and importance of these differences remain unclear.
2. Long-Term Risk of Stroke After Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: .;Faizan Khan.;Vignan Yogendrakumar.;Ronda Lun.;Aravind Ganesh.;Philip A Barber.;Vasileios-Arsenios Lioutas.;Naja Emborg Vinding.;Ale Algra.;Christian Weimar.;Joachim Ögren.;Jodi D Edwards.;Richard H Swartz.;Angel Ois.;Eva Giralt-Steinhauer.;Andrej Netland Khanevski.;Xinyi Leng.;Xuan Tian.;Thomas W Leung.;Hong-Kyun Park.;Hee-Joon Bae.;Masahiro Kamouchi.;Tetsuro Ago.;Esmee Verburgt.;Jamie Verhoeven.;Frank-Erik de Leeuw.;Bernhard P Berghout.;M Kamran Ikram.;Karel Kostev.;William Whiteley.;Toshiyuki Uehara.;Kazuo Minematsu.;Fredrik Ildstad.;Simon Fandler-Höfler.;Karoliina Aarnio.;Bettina von Sarnowski.;Matteo Foschi.;Jing Jing.;Minyoul Baik.;Young Dae Kim.;Michele Domenico Spampinato.;Yasuhiro Hasegawa.;Kanjana Perera.;Francisco Purroy.;Dipankar Dutta.;Xiaoli Yang.;Julian Lippert.;Laura Myers.;Dawn M Bravata.;Monica Santos.;Sarah Coveney.;Carlos Garcia-Esperon.;Christopher R Levi.;Diane L Lorenzetti.;Shabnam Vatanpour.;Yongjun Wang.;Gregory W Albers.;Philippa Lavallee.;Pierre Amarenco.;Shelagh B Coutts.;Michael D Hill.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷17期1508-1519页
After a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke, the long-term risk of stroke is not well-known.
3. Age and Sex Differences in Efficacy of Treatments for Type 2 Diabetes: A Network Meta-Analysis.
作者: Peter Hanlon.;Elaine Butterly.;Lili Wei.;Heather Wightman.;Saleh Ali M Almazam.;Khalid Alsallumi.;Jamie Crowther.;Ryan McChrystal.;Heidi Rennison.;Katherine Hughes.;Jim Lewsey.;Robert Lindsay.;Stuart McGurnaghan.;John Petrie.;Laurie A Tomlinson.;Sarah Wild.;Amanda Adler.;Naveed Sattar.;David M Phillippo.;Sofia Dias.;Nicky J Welton.;David A McAllister.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷12期1062-1073页
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors improve hyperglycemia, and SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) among individuals with type 2 diabetes. It is not clear whether efficacy varies by age or sex.
4. Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: A Systematic Evidence Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Leila C Kahwati.;Christine E Kistler.;Graham Booth.;Nila Sathe.;Rachel D'Amico Gordon.;Ebiere Okah.;Roberta C Wines.;Meera Viswanathan.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷6期509-531页
Fragility fractures result in significant morbidity.
5. Inhaled Reliever Therapies for Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Daniel G Rayner.;Dario M Ferri.;Gordon H Guyatt.;Paul M O'Byrne.;Romina Brignardello-Petersen.;Farid Foroutan.;Bradley Chipps.;Kaharu Sumino.;Tamara T Perry.;Sharmilee Nyenhuis.;John Oppenheimer.;Elliot Israel.;Flavia Hoyte.;Katherine Rivera-Spoljaric.;Ellen McCabe.;Susana Rangel.;Lindsay E Shade.;Valerie G Press.;Lisa Hall.;Dia Sue-Wah-Sing.;Angel Melendez.;Hilarry Orr.;Tonya Winders.;Donna D Gardner.;Kathyrn Przywara.;Matthew A Rank.;Leonard B Bacharier.;Giselle Mosnaim.;Derek K Chu.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷2期143-152页
The optimal inhaled reliever therapy for asthma remains unclear.
6. Prolonged vs Intermittent Infusions of β-Lactam Antibiotics in Adults With Sepsis or Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Mohd H Abdul-Aziz.;Naomi E Hammond.;Stephen J Brett.;Menino O Cotta.;Jan J De Waele.;Anthony Devaux.;Gian Luca Di Tanna.;Joel M Dulhunty.;Hatem Elkady.;Lars Eriksson.;M Shahnaz Hasan.;Ayesha Bibi Khan.;Jeffrey Lipman.;Xiaoqiu Liu.;Giacomo Monti.;John Myburgh.;Emmanuel Novy.;Shahed Omar.;Dorrilyn Rajbhandari.;Claire Roger.;Fredrik Sjövall.;Irene Zaghi.;Alberto Zangrillo.;Anthony Delaney.;Jason A Roberts.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷8期638-648页
There is uncertainty about whether prolonged infusions of β-lactam antibiotics improve clinically important outcomes in critically ill adults with sepsis or septic shock.
7. Revisiting Race and the Benefit of RAS Blockade in Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.
作者: Li Shen.;Matthew M Y Lee.;Pardeep S Jhund.;Christopher B Granger.;Inder S Anand.;Aldo P Maggioni.;Marc A Pfeffer.;Scott D Solomon.;Karl Swedberg.;Salim Yusuf.;John J V McMurray.
来源: JAMA. 2024年331卷24期2094-2104页
Concerns have arisen that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers are less effective in Black patients than non-Black patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
8. Survival Benefit Associated With Participation in Clinical Trials of Anticancer Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Renata Iskander.;Hannah Moyer.;Karine Vigneault.;Salaheddin M Mahmud.;Jonathan Kimmelman.
来源: JAMA. 2024年331卷24期2105-2113页
Many cancer clinical investigators view clinical trials as offering better care for patients than routine clinical care. However, definitive evidence of clinical benefit from trial participation (hereafter referred to as the participation effect) has yet to emerge.
9. Cancer Stage Compared With Mortality as End Points in Randomized Clinical Trials of Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Xiaoshuang Feng.;Hana Zahed.;Justina Onwuka.;Matthew E J Callister.;Mattias Johansson.;Ruth Etzioni.;Hilary A Robbins.
来源: JAMA. 2024年331卷22期1910-1917页
Randomized clinical trials of cancer screening typically use cancer-specific mortality as the primary end point. The incidence of stage III-IV cancer is a potential alternative end point that may accelerate completion of randomized clinical trials of cancer screening.
10. Time to Treatment With Intravenous Thrombolysis Before Thrombectomy and Functional Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis.
作者: Johannes Kaesmacher.;Fabiano Cavalcante.;Manon Kappelhof.;Kilian M Treurniet.;Leon Rinkel.;Jianmin Liu.;Bernard Yan.;Wenjie Zi.;Kazumi Kimura.;Omer F Eker.;Yongwei Zhang.;Eike I Piechowiak.;Wim van Zwam.;Sheng Liu.;Daniel Strbian.;Maarten Uyttenboogaart.;Tomas Dobrocky.;Zhongrong Miao.;Kentaro Suzuki.;Lei Zhang.;Robert van Oostenbrugge.;Thomas R Meinel.;Changwei Guo.;David Seiffge.;Congguo Yin.;Lukas Bütikofer.;Hester Lingsma.;Daan Nieboer.;Pengfei Yang.;Peter Mitchell.;Charles Majoie.;Urs Fischer.;Yvo Roos.;Jan Gralla.; .
来源: JAMA. 2024年331卷9期764-777页
The benefit of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) for acute ischemic stroke declines with longer time from symptom onset, but it is not known whether a similar time dependency exists for IVT followed by thrombectomy.
11. Pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Melissa McPheeters.;Elizabeth A O'Connor.;Sean Riley.;Sara M Kennedy.;Christiane Voisin.;Kaitlin Kuznacic.;Cory P Coffey.;Mark D Edlund.;Georgiy Bobashev.;Daniel E Jonas.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷17期1653-1665页
Alcohol use disorder affects more than 28.3 million people in the United States and is associated with increased rates of morbidity and mortality.
12. Orthostatic Hypotension, Hypertension Treatment, and Cardiovascular Disease: An Individual Participant Meta-Analysis.
作者: Stephen P Juraschek.;Jiun-Ruey Hu.;Jennifer L Cluett.;Anthony M Ishak.;Carol Mita.;Lewis A Lipsitz.;Lawrence J Appel.;Nigel S Beckett.;Ruth L Coleman.;William C Cushman.;Barry R Davis.;Greg Grandits.;Rury R Holman.;Edgar R Miller.;Ruth Peters.;Jan A Staessen.;Addison A Taylor.;Lutgarde Thijs.;Jackson T Wright.;Kenneth J Mukamal.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷15期1459-1471页
There are ongoing concerns about the benefits of intensive vs standard blood pressure (BP) treatment among adults with orthostatic hypotension or standing hypotension.
13. Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, Albuminuria, and Adverse Outcomes: An Individual-Participant Data Meta-Analysis.
作者: .;Morgan E Grams.;Josef Coresh.;Kunihiro Matsushita.;Shoshana H Ballew.;Yingying Sang.;Aditya Surapaneni.;Natalia Alencar de Pinho.;Amanda Anderson.;Lawrence J Appel.;Johan Ärnlöv.;Fereidoun Azizi.;Nisha Bansal.;Samira Bell.;Henk J G Bilo.;Nigel J Brunskill.;Juan J Carrero.;Steve Chadban.;John Chalmers.;Jing Chen.;Elizabeth Ciemins.;Massimo Cirillo.;Natalie Ebert.;Marie Evans.;Alejandro Ferreiro.;Edouard L Fu.;Masafumi Fukagawa.;Jamie A Green.;Orlando M Gutierrez.;William G Herrington.;Shih-Jen Hwang.;Lesley A Inker.;Kunitoshi Iseki.;Tazeen Jafar.;Simerjot K Jassal.;Vivekanand Jha.;Aya Kadota.;Ronit Katz.;Anna Köttgen.;Tsuneo Konta.;Florian Kronenberg.;Brian J Lee.;Jennifer Lees.;Adeera Levin.;Helen C Looker.;Rupert Major.;Cheli Melzer Cohen.;Makiko Mieno.;Mariko Miyazaki.;Olivier Moranne.;Isao Muraki.;David Naimark.;Dorothea Nitsch.;Wonsuk Oh.;Michelle Pena.;Tanjala S Purnell.;Charumathi Sabanayagam.;Michihiro Satoh.;Simon Sawhney.;Elke Schaeffner.;Ben Schöttker.;Jenny I Shen.;Michael G Shlipak.;Smeeta Sinha.;Benedicte Stengel.;Keiichi Sumida.;Marcello Tonelli.;Jose M Valdivielso.;Arjan D van Zuilen.;Frank L J Visseren.;Angela Yee-Moon Wang.;Chi-Pang Wen.;David C Wheeler.;Hiroshi Yatsuya.;Kunihiro Yamagata.;Jae Won Yang.;Ann Young.;Haitao Zhang.;Luxia Zhang.;Andrew S Levey.;Ron T Gansevoort.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷13期1266-1277页
Chronic kidney disease (low estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] or albuminuria) affects approximately 14% of adults in the US.
14. Adherence to CPAP Treatment and the Risk of Recurrent Cardiovascular Events: A Meta-Analysis.
作者: Manuel Sánchez-de-la-Torre.;Esther Gracia-Lavedan.;Ivan D Benitez.;Alicia Sánchez-de-la-Torre.;Anna Moncusí-Moix.;Gerard Torres.;Kelly Loffler.;Richard Woodman.;Robert Adams.;Gonzalo Labarca.;Jorge Dreyse.;Christine Eulenburg.;Erik Thunström.;Helena Glantz.;Yüksel Peker.;Craig Anderson.;Doug McEvoy.;Ferran Barbé.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷13期1255-1265页
The effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on secondary cardiovascular disease prevention is highly debated.
15. Efficacy and Tolerability of Gefapixant for Treatment of Refractory or Unexplained Chronic Cough: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.
作者: Elena Kum.;Matthew Patel.;Nermin Diab.;Mustafaa Wahab.;Dena Zeraatkar.;Derek K Chu.;Paul M O'Byrne.;Gordon H Guyatt.;Imran Satia.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷14期1359-1369页
Gefapixant represents an emerging therapy for patients with refractory or unexplained chronic cough.
16. Associations of Unintended Pregnancy With Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Heidi D Nelson.;Blair G Darney.;Katherine Ahrens.;Amanda Burgess.;Rebecca M Jungbauer.;Amy Cantor.;Chandler Atchison.;Karen B Eden.;Rose Goueth.;Rongwei Fu.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷17期1714-1729页
Unintended pregnancy is common in the US and is associated with adverse maternal and infant health outcomes; however, estimates of these associations specific to current US populations are lacking.
17. Association Between Selective Decontamination of the Digestive Tract and In-Hospital Mortality in Intensive Care Unit Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Naomi E Hammond.;John Myburgh.;Ian Seppelt.;Tessa Garside.;Ruan Vlok.;Sajeev Mahendran.;Derick Adigbli.;Simon Finfer.;Ya Gao.;Fiona Goodman.;Gordon Guyatt.;Joseph Alvin Santos.;Balasubramanian Venkatesh.;Liang Yao.;Gian Luca Di Tanna.;Anthony Delaney.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷19期1922-1934页
The effectiveness of selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) in critically ill adults receiving mechanical ventilation is uncertain.
18. Estimated Global Proportions of Individuals With Persistent Fatigue, Cognitive, and Respiratory Symptom Clusters Following Symptomatic COVID-19 in 2020 and 2021.
作者: .;Sarah Wulf Hanson.;Cristiana Abbafati.;Joachim G Aerts.;Ziyad Al-Aly.;Charlie Ashbaugh.;Tala Ballouz.;Oleg Blyuss.;Polina Bobkova.;Gouke Bonsel.;Svetlana Borzakova.;Danilo Buonsenso.;Denis Butnaru.;Austin Carter.;Helen Chu.;Cristina De Rose.;Mohamed Mustafa Diab.;Emil Ekbom.;Maha El Tantawi.;Victor Fomin.;Robert Frithiof.;Aysylu Gamirova.;Petr V Glybochko.;Juanita A Haagsma.;Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard.;Erin B Hamilton.;Gabrielle Harris.;Majanka H Heijenbrok-Kal.;Raimund Helbok.;Merel E Hellemons.;David Hillus.;Susanne M Huijts.;Michael Hultström.;Waasila Jassat.;Florian Kurth.;Ing-Marie Larsson.;Miklós Lipcsey.;Chelsea Liu.;Callan D Loflin.;Andrei Malinovschi.;Wenhui Mao.;Lyudmila Mazankova.;Denise McCulloch.;Dominik Menges.;Noushin Mohammadifard.;Daniel Munblit.;Nikita A Nekliudov.;Osondu Ogbuoji.;Ismail M Osmanov.;José L Peñalvo.;Maria Skaalum Petersen.;Milo A Puhan.;Mujibur Rahman.;Verena Rass.;Nickolas Reinig.;Gerard M Ribbers.;Antonia Ricchiuto.;Sten Rubertsson.;Elmira Samitova.;Nizal Sarrafzadegan.;Anastasia Shikhaleva.;Kyle E Simpson.;Dario Sinatti.;Joan B Soriano.;Ekaterina Spiridonova.;Fridolin Steinbeis.;Andrey A Svistunov.;Piero Valentini.;Brittney J van de Water.;Rita van den Berg-Emons.;Ewa Wallin.;Martin Witzenrath.;Yifan Wu.;Hanzhang Xu.;Thomas Zoller.;Christopher Adolph.;James Albright.;Joanne O Amlag.;Aleksandr Y Aravkin.;Bree L Bang-Jensen.;Catherine Bisignano.;Rachel Castellano.;Emma Castro.;Suman Chakrabarti.;James K Collins.;Xiaochen Dai.;Farah Daoud.;Carolyn Dapper.;Amanda Deen.;Bruce B Duncan.;Megan Erickson.;Samuel B Ewald.;Alize J Ferrari.;Abraham D Flaxman.;Nancy Fullman.;Amiran Gamkrelidze.;John R Giles.;Gaorui Guo.;Simon I Hay.;Jiawei He.;Monika Helak.;Erin N Hulland.;Maia Kereselidze.;Kris J Krohn.;Alice Lazzar-Atwood.;Akiaja Lindstrom.;Rafael Lozano.;Deborah Carvalho Malta.;Johan Månsson.;Ana M Mantilla Herrera.;Ali H Mokdad.;Lorenzo Monasta.;Shuhei Nomura.;Maja Pasovic.;David M Pigott.;Robert C Reiner.;Grace Reinke.;Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro.;Damian Francesco Santomauro.;Aleksei Sholokhov.;Emma Elizabeth Spurlock.;Rebecca Walcott.;Ally Walker.;Charles Shey Wiysonge.;Peng Zheng.;Janet Prvu Bettger.;Christopher J L Murray.;Theo Vos.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷16期1604-1615页
Some individuals experience persistent symptoms after initial symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (often referred to as Long COVID).
19. Association of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy With Ticagrelor With Vein Graft Failure After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Sigrid Sandner.;Björn Redfors.;Dominick J Angiolillo.;Katia Audisio.;Stephen E Fremes.;Paul W A Janssen.;Alexander Kulik.;Roxana Mehran.;Joyce Peper.;Marc Ruel.;Jacqueline Saw.;Giovanni Jr Soletti.;Andrew Starovoytov.;Jurrien M Ten Berg.;Laura M Willemsen.;Qiang Zhao.;Yunpeng Zhu.;Mario Gaudino.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷6期554-562页
The role of ticagrelor with or without aspirin after coronary artery bypass graft surgery remains unclear.
20. Association of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination During Pregnancy With Pregnancy Outcomes.
作者: Maria C Magnus.;Anne K Örtqvist.;Elisabeth Dahlqwist.;Rickard Ljung.;Fredrik Skår.;Laura Oakley.;Ferenc Macsali.;Björn Pasternak.;Håkon K Gjessing.;Siri E Håberg.;Olof Stephansson.
来源: JAMA. 2022年327卷15期1469-1477页
Data about the safety of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy are limited.
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