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1821. Randomized trial of acetylcysteine in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
作者: .;Fernando J Martinez.;Joao A de Andrade.;Kevin J Anstrom.;Talmadge E King.;Ganesh Raghu.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷22期2093-101页
Acetylcysteine has been suggested as a beneficial treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, although data from placebo-controlled studies are lacking.
1822. Simvastatin for the prevention of exacerbations in moderate-to-severe COPD.
作者: Gerard J Criner.;John E Connett.;Shawn D Aaron.;Richard K Albert.;William C Bailey.;Richard Casaburi.;J Allen D Cooper.;Jeffrey L Curtis.;Mark T Dransfield.;MeiLan K Han.;Barry Make.;Nathaniel Marchetti.;Fernando J Martinez.;Dennis E Niewoehner.;Paul D Scanlon.;Frank C Sciurba.;Steven M Scharf.;Don D Sin.;Helen Voelker.;George R Washko.;Prescott G Woodruff.;Stephen C Lazarus.; .; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷23期2201-10页
Retrospective studies have shown that statins decrease the rate and severity of exacerbations, the rate of hospitalization, and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We prospectively studied the efficacy of simvastatin in preventing exacerbations in a large, multicenter, randomized trial.
1823. Rosuvastatin for sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.
作者: .;Jonathon D Truwit.;Gordon R Bernard.;Jay Steingrub.;Michael A Matthay.;Kathleen D Liu.;Timothy E Albertson.;Roy G Brower.;Carl Shanholtz.;Peter Rock.;Ivor S Douglas.;Bennett P deBoisblanc.;Catherine L Hough.;R Duncan Hite.;B Taylor Thompson.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷23期2191-200页
In the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), inflammation in the lungs and other organs can cause life-threatening organ failure. Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (statins) can modulate inflammatory responses. Previous observational studies suggested that statins improved clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis. We hypothesized that rosuvastatin therapy would improve clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with sepsis-associated ARDS.
1824. Randomized trial of posaconazole and benznidazole for chronic Chagas' disease.
作者: Israel Molina.;Jordi Gómez i Prat.;Fernando Salvador.;Begoña Treviño.;Elena Sulleiro.;Núria Serre.;Diana Pou.;Sílvia Roure.;Juan Cabezos.;Lluís Valerio.;Albert Blanco-Grau.;Adrián Sánchez-Montalvá.;Xavier Vidal.;Albert Pahissa.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷20期1899-908页
Current therapeutic options for Chagas' disease are limited to benznidazole and nifurtimox, which have been associated with low cure rates in the chronic stage of the disease and which have considerable toxicity. Posaconazole has shown trypanocidal activity in murine models.
1825. Letermovir for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis in hematopoietic-cell transplantation.
作者: Roy F Chemaly.;Andrew J Ullmann.;Susanne Stoelben.;Marie Paule Richard.;Martin Bornhäuser.;Christoph Groth.;Hermann Einsele.;Margarida Silverman.;Kathleen M Mullane.;Janice Brown.;Horst Nowak.;Katrin Kölling.;Hans P Stobernack.;Peter Lischka.;Holger Zimmermann.;Helga Rübsamen-Schaeff.;Richard E Champlin.;Gerhard Ehninger.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷19期1781-9页
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a leading cause of illness and death in patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic-cell transplantation. Available treatments are restricted by clinically significant toxic effects and drug resistance.
1826. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin in HCV genotypes 2 and 3.
作者: Stefan Zeuzem.;Geoffrey M Dusheiko.;Riina Salupere.;Alessandra Mangia.;Robert Flisiak.;Robert H Hyland.;Ari Illeperuma.;Evguenia Svarovskaia.;Diana M Brainard.;William T Symonds.;G Mani Subramanian.;John G McHutchison.;Ola Weiland.;Hendrik W Reesink.;Peter Ferenci.;Christophe Hézode.;Rafael Esteban.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷21期1993-2001页
In clinical trials, treatment with a combination of the nucleotide polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir and the antiviral drug ribavirin was associated with high response rates among patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2 infection, with lower response rates among patients with HCV genotype 3 infection.
1827. ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with or without ribavirin for HCV.
作者: Peter Ferenci.;David Bernstein.;Jacob Lalezari.;Daniel Cohen.;Yan Luo.;Curtis Cooper.;Edward Tam.;Rui T Marinho.;Naoky Tsai.;Anders Nyberg.;Terry D Box.;Ziad Younes.;Pedram Enayati.;Sinikka Green.;Yaacov Baruch.;Bal Raj Bhandari.;Florin Alexandru Caruntu.;Thomas Sepe.;Vladimir Chulanov.;Ewa Janczewska.;Giuliano Rizzardini.;Judit Gervain.;Ramon Planas.;Christophe Moreno.;Tarek Hassanein.;Wangang Xie.;Martin King.;Thomas Podsadecki.;K Rajender Reddy.; .; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷21期1983-92页
The interferon-free regimen of ABT-450 with ritonavir (ABT-450/r), ombitasvir, and dasabuvir with or without ribavirin has shown efficacy in inducing a sustained virologic response in a phase 2 study involving patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection. We conducted two phase 3 trials to examine the efficacy and safety of this regimen in previously untreated patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and no cirrhosis.
1828. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for children with vesicoureteral reflux.
作者: .;Alejandro Hoberman.;Saul P Greenfield.;Tej K Mattoo.;Ron Keren.;Ranjiv Mathews.;Hans G Pohl.;Bradley P Kropp.;Steven J Skoog.;Caleb P Nelson.;Marva Moxey-Mims.;Russell W Chesney.;Myra A Carpenter.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷25期2367-76页
Children with febrile urinary tract infection commonly have vesicoureteral reflux. Because trial results have been limited and inconsistent, the use of antimicrobial prophylaxis to prevent recurrences in children with reflux remains controversial.
1830. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for untreated HCV genotype 1 infection.
作者: Nezam Afdhal.;Stefan Zeuzem.;Paul Kwo.;Mario Chojkier.;Norman Gitlin.;Massimo Puoti.;Manuel Romero-Gomez.;Jean-Pierre Zarski.;Kosh Agarwal.;Peter Buggisch.;Graham R Foster.;Norbert Bräu.;Maria Buti.;Ira M Jacobson.;G Mani Subramanian.;Xiao Ding.;Hongmei Mo.;Jenny C Yang.;Phillip S Pang.;William T Symonds.;John G McHutchison.;Andrew J Muir.;Alessandra Mangia.;Patrick Marcellin.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷20期1889-98页
In phase 2 studies, treatment with the all-oral combination of the nucleotide polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir and the NS5A inhibitor ledipasvir resulted in high rates of sustained virologic response among previously untreated patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection.
1831. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for previously treated HCV genotype 1 infection.
作者: Nezam Afdhal.;K Rajender Reddy.;David R Nelson.;Eric Lawitz.;Stuart C Gordon.;Eugene Schiff.;Ronald Nahass.;Reem Ghalib.;Norman Gitlin.;Robert Herring.;Jacob Lalezari.;Ziad H Younes.;Paul J Pockros.;Adrian M Di Bisceglie.;Sanjeev Arora.;G Mani Subramanian.;Yanni Zhu.;Hadas Dvory-Sobol.;Jenny C Yang.;Phillip S Pang.;William T Symonds.;John G McHutchison.;Andrew J Muir.;Mark Sulkowski.;Paul Kwo.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷16期1483-93页
Effective treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection in patients who have not had a sustained virologic response to prior interferon-based therapy represents an unmet medical need.
1832. ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin for hepatitis C with cirrhosis.
作者: Fred Poordad.;Christophe Hezode.;Roger Trinh.;Kris V Kowdley.;Stefan Zeuzem.;Kosh Agarwal.;Mitchell L Shiffman.;Heiner Wedemeyer.;Thomas Berg.;Eric M Yoshida.;Xavier Forns.;Sandra S Lovell.;Barbara Da Silva-Tillmann.;Christine A Collins.;Andrew L Campbell.;Thomas Podsadecki.;Barry Bernstein.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷21期1973-82页
Interferon-containing regimens for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are associated with increased toxic effects in patients who also have cirrhosis. We evaluated the interferon-free combination of the protease inhibitor ABT-450 with ritonavir (ABT-450/r), the NS5A inhibitor ombitasvir (ABT-267), the nonnucleoside polymerase inhibitor dasabuvir (ABT-333), and ribavirin in an open-label phase 3 trial involving previously untreated and previously treated adults with HCV genotype 1 infection and compensated cirrhosis.
1833. Treatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin.
作者: Jordan J Feld.;Kris V Kowdley.;Eoin Coakley.;Samuel Sigal.;David R Nelson.;Darrell Crawford.;Ola Weiland.;Humberto Aguilar.;Junyuan Xiong.;Tami Pilot-Matias.;Barbara DaSilva-Tillmann.;Lois Larsen.;Thomas Podsadecki.;Barry Bernstein.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷17期1594-603页
The interferon-free combination of the protease inhibitor ABT-450 with ritonavir (ABT-450/r) and the NS5A inhibitor ombitasvir (also known as ABT-267) plus the nonnucleoside polymerase inhibitor dasabuvir (also known as ABT-333) and ribavirin has shown efficacy against the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with HCV genotype 1 infection. In this phase 3 trial, we evaluated this regimen in previously untreated patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and no cirrhosis.
1834. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for 8 or 12 weeks for chronic HCV without cirrhosis.
作者: Kris V Kowdley.;Stuart C Gordon.;K Rajender Reddy.;Lorenzo Rossaro.;David E Bernstein.;Eric Lawitz.;Mitchell L Shiffman.;Eugene Schiff.;Reem Ghalib.;Michael Ryan.;Vinod Rustgi.;Mario Chojkier.;Robert Herring.;Adrian M Di Bisceglie.;Paul J Pockros.;G Mani Subramanian.;Di An.;Evguenia Svarovskaia.;Robert H Hyland.;Phillip S Pang.;William T Symonds.;John G McHutchison.;Andrew J Muir.;David Pound.;Michael W Fried.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷20期1879-88页
High rates of sustained virologic response were observed among patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who received 12 weeks of treatment with the nucleotide polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir combined with the NS5A inhibitor ledipasvir. This study examined 8 weeks of treatment with this regimen.
1835. Retreatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin.
作者: Stefan Zeuzem.;Ira M Jacobson.;Tolga Baykal.;Rui T Marinho.;Fred Poordad.;Marc Bourlière.;Mark S Sulkowski.;Heiner Wedemeyer.;Edward Tam.;Paul Desmond.;Donald M Jensen.;Adrian M Di Bisceglie.;Peter Varunok.;Tarek Hassanein.;Junyuan Xiong.;Tami Pilot-Matias.;Barbara DaSilva-Tillmann.;Lois Larsen.;Thomas Podsadecki.;Barry Bernstein.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷17期1604-14页
In this phase 3 trial we evaluated the efficacy and safety of the interferon-free combination of ABT-450 with ritonavir (ABT-450/r), ombitasvir (also known as ABT-267), dasabuvir (also known as ABT-333), and ribavirin for the retreatment of HCV in patients who were previously treated with peginterferon-ribavirin.
1836. Fibrinolysis for patients with intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism.
作者: Guy Meyer.;Eric Vicaut.;Thierry Danays.;Giancarlo Agnelli.;Cecilia Becattini.;Jan Beyer-Westendorf.;Erich Bluhmki.;Helene Bouvaist.;Benjamin Brenner.;Francis Couturaud.;Claudia Dellas.;Klaus Empen.;Ana Franca.;Nazzareno Galiè.;Annette Geibel.;Samuel Z Goldhaber.;David Jimenez.;Matija Kozak.;Christian Kupatt.;Nils Kucher.;Irene M Lang.;Mareike Lankeit.;Nicolas Meneveau.;Gerard Pacouret.;Massimiliano Palazzini.;Antoniu Petris.;Piotr Pruszczyk.;Matteo Rugolotto.;Aldo Salvi.;Sebastian Schellong.;Mustapha Sebbane.;Bozena Sobkowicz.;Branislav S Stefanovic.;Holger Thiele.;Adam Torbicki.;Franck Verschuren.;Stavros V Konstantinides.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷15期1402-11页
The role of fibrinolytic therapy in patients with intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism is controversial.
1837. Spironolactone for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
作者: Bertram Pitt.;Marc A Pfeffer.;Susan F Assmann.;Robin Boineau.;Inder S Anand.;Brian Claggett.;Nadine Clausell.;Akshay S Desai.;Rafael Diaz.;Jerome L Fleg.;Ivan Gordeev.;Brian Harty.;John F Heitner.;Christopher T Kenwood.;Eldrin F Lewis.;Eileen O'Meara.;Jeffrey L Probstfield.;Tamaz Shaburishvili.;Sanjiv J Shah.;Scott D Solomon.;Nancy K Sweitzer.;Song Yang.;Sonja M McKinlay.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷15期1383-92页
Mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonists improve the prognosis for patients with heart failure and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. We evaluated the effects of spironolactone in patients with heart failure and a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.
1838. A randomized trial of hyperimmune globulin to prevent congenital cytomegalovirus.
作者: Maria Grazia Revello.;Tiziana Lazzarotto.;Brunella Guerra.;Arsenio Spinillo.;Enrico Ferrazzi.;Alessandra Kustermann.;Secondo Guaschino.;Patrizia Vergani.;Tullia Todros.;Tiziana Frusca.;Alessia Arossa.;Milena Furione.;Vanina Rognoni.;Nicola Rizzo.;Liliana Gabrielli.;Catherine Klersy.;Giuseppe Gerna.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷14期1316-26页
Congenital infection with human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In an uncontrolled study published in 2005, administration of CMV-specific hyperimmune globulin to pregnant women with primary CMV infection significantly reduced the rate of intrauterine transmission, from 40% to 16%.
1839. Aspirin in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.
作者: P J Devereaux.;Marko Mrkobrada.;Daniel I Sessler.;Kate Leslie.;Pablo Alonso-Coello.;Andrea Kurz.;Juan Carlos Villar.;Alben Sigamani.;Bruce M Biccard.;Christian S Meyhoff.;Joel L Parlow.;Gordon Guyatt.;Andrea Robinson.;Amit X Garg.;Reitze N Rodseth.;Fernando Botto.;Giovanna Lurati Buse.;Denis Xavier.;Matthew T V Chan.;Maria Tiboni.;Deborah Cook.;Priya A Kumar.;Patrice Forget.;German Malaga.;Edith Fleischmann.;Mohammed Amir.;John Eikelboom.;Richard Mizera.;David Torres.;C Y Wang.;Tomas VanHelder.;Pilar Paniagua.;Otavio Berwanger.;Sadeesh Srinathan.;Michelle Graham.;Laura Pasin.;Yannick Le Manach.;Peggy Gao.;Janice Pogue.;Richard Whitlock.;André Lamy.;Clive Kearon.;Colin Baigent.;Clara Chow.;Shirley Pettit.;Susan Chrolavicius.;Salim Yusuf.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷16期1494-503页
There is substantial variability in the perioperative administration of aspirin in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, both among patients who are already on an aspirin regimen and among those who are not.
1840. Clonidine in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.
作者: P J Devereaux.;Daniel I Sessler.;Kate Leslie.;Andrea Kurz.;Marko Mrkobrada.;Pablo Alonso-Coello.;Juan Carlos Villar.;Alben Sigamani.;Bruce M Biccard.;Christian S Meyhoff.;Joel L Parlow.;Gordon Guyatt.;Andrea Robinson.;Amit X Garg.;Reitze N Rodseth.;Fernando Botto.;Giovanna Lurati Buse.;Denis Xavier.;Matthew T V Chan.;Maria Tiboni.;Deborah Cook.;Priya A Kumar.;Patrice Forget.;German Malaga.;Edith Fleischmann.;Mohammed Amir.;John Eikelboom.;Richard Mizera.;David Torres.;C Y Wang.;Tomas Vanhelder.;Pilar Paniagua.;Otavio Berwanger.;Sadeesh Srinathan.;Michelle Graham.;Laura Pasin.;Yannick Le Manach.;Peggy Gao.;Janice Pogue.;Richard Whitlock.;André Lamy.;Clive Kearon.;Clara Chow.;Shirley Pettit.;Susan Chrolavicius.;Salim Yusuf.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2014年370卷16期1504-13页
Marked activation of the sympathetic nervous system occurs during and after noncardiac surgery. Low-dose clonidine, which blunts central sympathetic outflow, may prevent perioperative myocardial infarction and death without inducing hemodynamic instability.
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