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161. Effect of Paroxetine or Quetiapine Combined With Oxycodone vs Oxycodone Alone on Ventilation During Hypercapnia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Jeffry Florian.;Rutger van der Schrier.;Victoria Gershuny.;Michael C Davis.;Celine Wang.;Xiaomei Han.;Keith Burkhart.;Kristin Prentice.;Aanchal Shah.;Rebecca Racz.;Vikram Patel.;Murali Matta.;Omnia A Ismaiel.;James Weaver.;Rodney Boughner.;Kevin Ford.;Rodney Rouse.;Marc Stone.;Carlos Sanabria.;Albert Dahan.;David G Strauss.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷14期1405-1414页
Opioids can cause severe respiratory depression by suppressing feedback mechanisms that increase ventilation in response to hypercapnia. Following the addition of boxed warnings to benzodiazepine and opioid products about increased respiratory depression risk with simultaneous use, the US Food and Drug Administration evaluated whether other drugs that might be used in place of benzodiazepines may cause similar effects.
162. Effect of Telmisartan on Walking Performance in Patients With Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: The TELEX Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Mary M McDermott.;Lydia Bazzano.;Charlotte A Peterson.;Robert Sufit.;Luigi Ferrucci.;Kathryn Domanchuk.;Lihui Zhao.;Tamar S Polonsky.;Dongxue Zhang.;Donald Lloyd-Jones.;Christiaan Leeuwenburgh.;Jack M Guralnik.;Melina R Kibbe.;Kate Kosmac.;Michael H Criqui.;Lu Tian.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷13期1315-1325页
Patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) have reduced lower extremity perfusion, impaired lower extremity skeletal muscle function, and poor walking performance. Telmisartan (an angiotensin receptor blocker) has properties that reverse these abnormalities.
163. Effect of a Postoperative Multimodal Opioid-Sparing Protocol vs Standard Opioid Prescribing on Postoperative Opioid Consumption After Knee or Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: .;Aaron Gazendam.;Seper Ekhtiari.;Nolan S Horner.;Nicole Simunovic.;Moin Khan.;Darren L de Sa.;Kim Madden.;Olufemi R Ayeni.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷13期1326-1335页
In arthroscopic knee and shoulder surgery, there is growing evidence that opioid-sparing protocols may reduce postoperative opioid consumption while adequately addressing patients' pain. However, there are a lack of prospective, comparative trials evaluating their effectiveness.
164. Effect of Cefepime/Enmetazobactam vs Piperacillin/Tazobactam on Clinical Cure and Microbiological Eradication in Patients With Complicated Urinary Tract Infection or Acute Pyelonephritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Keith S Kaye.;Adam Belley.;Philip Barth.;Omar Lahlou.;Philipp Knechtle.;Paola Motta.;Patrick Velicitat.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷13期1304-1314页
Cefepime/enmetazobactam is a novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination and a potential empirical therapy for resistant gram-negative infections.
165. Effect of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen vs Standard Oxygen Therapy on Mortality in Patients With Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19: The SOHO-COVID Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Jean-Pierre Frat.;Jean-Pierre Quenot.;Julio Badie.;Rémi Coudroy.;Christophe Guitton.;Stephan Ehrmann.;Arnaud Gacouin.;Hamid Merdji.;Johann Auchabie.;Cédric Daubin.;Anne-Florence Dureau.;Laure Thibault.;Nicholas Sedillot.;Jean-Philippe Rigaud.;Alexandre Demoule.;Abdelhamid Fatah.;Nicolas Terzi.;Marine Simonin.;William Danjou.;Guillaume Carteaux.;Charlotte Guesdon.;Gaël Pradel.;Marie-Catherine Besse.;Jean Reignier.;François Beloncle.;Béatrice La Combe.;Gwénaël Prat.;Mai-Anh Nay.;Joe de Keizer.;Stéphanie Ragot.;Arnaud W Thille.; .
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷12期1212-1222页
The benefit of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (high-flow oxygen) in terms of intubation and mortality in patients with respiratory failure due to COVID-19 is controversial.
166. Effect of First-Line Serplulimab vs Placebo Added to Chemotherapy on Survival in Patients With Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: The ASTRUM-005 Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Ying Cheng.;Liang Han.;Lin Wu.;Jun Chen.;Hongmei Sun.;Guilan Wen.;Yinghua Ji.;Mikhail Dvorkin.;Jianhua Shi.;Zhijie Pan.;Jinsheng Shi.;Xicheng Wang.;Yuansong Bai.;Tamar Melkadze.;Yueyin Pan.;Xuhong Min.;Maksym Viguro.;Xingya Li.;Yanqiu Zhao.;Junquan Yang.;Tamta Makharadze.;Ekaterine Arkania.;Wenying Kang.;Qingyu Wang.;Jun Zhu.; .
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷12期1223-1232页
Programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy has changed the approach to first-line treatment in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). It remained unknown whether adding a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor to chemotherapy provided similar or better benefits in patients with extensive-stage SCLC, which would add evidence on the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of extensive-stage SCLC.
167. Effect of Helmet Noninvasive Ventilation vs Usual Respiratory Support on Mortality Among Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19: The HELMET-COVID Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Yaseen M Arabi.;Sara Aldekhyl.;Saad Al Qahtani.;Hasan M Al-Dorzi.;Sheryl Ann Abdukahil.;Mohammed Khulaif Al Harbi.;Eman Al Qasim.;Ayman Kharaba.;Talal Albrahim.;Mohammed S Alshahrani.;Abdulrahman A Al-Fares.;Ali Al Bshabshe.;Ahmed Mady.;Zainab Al Duhailib.;Haifa Algethamy.;Jesna Jose.;Mohammed Al Mutairi.;Omar Al Zumai.;Hussain Al Haji.;Ahmed Alaqeily.;Zohair Al Aseri.;Awad Al-Omari.;Abdulaziz Al-Dawood.;Haytham Tlayjeh.; .
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷11期1063-1072页
Helmet noninvasive ventilation has been used in patients with COVID-19 with the premise that helmet interface is more effective than mask interface in delivering prolonged treatments with high positive airway pressure, but data about its effectiveness are limited.
168. Effect of Tocilizumab on Disease Activity in Patients With Active Polymyalgia Rheumatica Receiving Glucocorticoid Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Valérie Devauchelle-Pensec.;Guillermo Carvajal-Alegria.;Emmanuelle Dernis.;Christophe Richez.;Marie-Elise Truchetet.;Daniel Wendling.;Eric Toussirot.;Aleth Perdriger.;Jacques-Eric Gottenberg.;Renaud Felten.;Bruno Jean Fautrel.;Laurent Chiche.;Pascal Hilliquin.;Catherine Le Henaff.;Benjamin Dervieux.;Guillaume Direz.;Isabelle Chary-Valckenaere.;Divi Cornec.;Dewi Guellec.;Thierry Marhadour.;Emmanuel Nowak.;Alain Saraux.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷11期1053-1062页
Few treatments are available for patients with glucocorticoid-dependent polymyalgia rheumatica. IL-6 antagonists may reduce disease activity in patients with active glucocorticoid-dependent polymyalgia rheumatica.
169. Five-Year Outcomes in Patients With Fully Magnetically Levitated vs Axial-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices in the MOMENTUM 3 Randomized Trial.
作者: Mandeep R Mehra.;Daniel J Goldstein.;Joseph C Cleveland.;Jennifer A Cowger.;Shelley Hall.;Christopher T Salerno.;Yoshifumi Naka.;Douglas Horstmanshof.;Joyce Chuang.;AiJia Wang.;Nir Uriel.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷12期1233-1242页
Although durable left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy has emerged as an important treatment option for patients with advanced heart failure refractory to pharmacological support, outcomes, including survival, beyond 2 years remain poorly characterized.
170. Effect of Clinical Decision Support With Audit and Feedback on Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Matthew T James.;Bryan J Har.;Benjamin D Tyrrell.;Peter D Faris.;Zhi Tan.;John A Spertus.;Stephen B Wilton.;William A Ghali.;Merril L Knudtson.;Tolulope T Sajobi.;Neesh I Pannu.;Scott W Klarenbach.;Michelle M Graham.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷9期839-849页
Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) that has been associated with high costs and adverse long-term outcomes.
171. Effect of an Individualized Audit and Feedback Intervention on Rates of Musculoskeletal Diagnostic Imaging Requests by Australian General Practitioners: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Denise A O'Connor.;Paul Glasziou.;Christopher G Maher.;Kirsten J McCaffery.;Dina Schram.;Brigit Maguire.;Robert Ma.;Laurent Billot.;Alexandra Gorelik.;Adrian C Traeger.;Loai Albarqouni.;Juliet Checketts.;Parima Vyas.;Brett Clark.;Rachelle Buchbinder.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷9期850-860页
Audit and feedback can improve professional practice, but few trials have evaluated its effectiveness in reducing potential overuse of musculoskeletal diagnostic imaging in general practice.
172. Effect of Aspirin vs Enoxaparin on Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Undergoing Hip or Knee Arthroplasty: The CRISTAL Randomized Trial.
作者: .;Verinder S Sidhu.;Thu-Lan Kelly.;Nicole Pratt.;Stephen E Graves.;Rachelle Buchbinder.;Sam Adie.;Kara Cashman.;Ilana Ackerman.;Durga Bastiras.;Roger Brighton.;Alexander W R Burns.;Beng Hock Chong.;Ornella Clavisi.;Maggie Cripps.;Mark Dekkers.;Richard de Steiger.;Michael Dixon.;Andrew Ellis.;Elizabeth C Griffith.;David Hale.;Amber Hansen.;Anthony Harris.;Raphael Hau.;Mark Horsley.;Dugal James.;Omar Khorshid.;Leonard Kuo.;Peter Lewis.;David Lieu.;Michelle Lorimer.;Samuel MacDessi.;Peter McCombe.;Catherine McDougall.;Jonathan Mulford.;Justine Maree Naylor.;Richard S Page.;John Radovanovic.;Michael Solomon.;Rami Sorial.;Peter Summersell.;Phong Tran.;William L Walter.;Steve Webb.;Chris Wilson.;David Wysocki.;Ian A Harris.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷8期719-727页
There remains a lack of randomized trials investigating aspirin monotherapy for symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
173. Effect of Radiotherapy Alone vs Radiotherapy With Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy on Survival Without Disease Relapse in Patients With Low-risk Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Ling-Long Tang.;Rui Guo.;Ning Zhang.;Bin Deng.;Lei Chen.;Zhi-Bin Cheng.;Jing Huang.;Wei-Han Hu.;Shao Hui Huang.;Wei-Jun Luo.;Jin-Hui Liang.;Yu-Ming Zheng.;Fan Zhang.;Yan-Ping Mao.;Wen-Fei Li.;Guan-Qun Zhou.;Xu Liu.;Yu-Pei Chen.;Cheng Xu.;Li Lin.;Qing Liu.;Xiao-Jing Du.;Yuan Zhang.;Ying Sun.;Jun Ma.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷8期728-736页
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy has been the standard treatment for stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) based on data using 2-dimensional conventional radiotherapy. There is limited evidence for the role of chemotherapy with use of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).
174. Effect of Remote Ischemic Conditioning vs Usual Care on Neurologic Function in Patients With Acute Moderate Ischemic Stroke: The RICAMIS Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Hui-Sheng Chen.;Yu Cui.;Xiao-Qiu Li.;Xin-Hong Wang.;Yu-Tong Ma.;Yong Zhao.;Jing Han.;Chang-Qing Deng.;Mei Hong.;Ying Bao.;Li-Hong Zhao.;Ting-Guang Yan.;Ren-Lin Zou.;Hui Wang.;Zhuo Li.;Li-Shu Wan.;Li Zhang.;Lian-Qiang Wang.;Li-Yan Guo.;Ming-Nan Li.;Dong-Qing Wang.;Qiang Zhang.;Da-Wei Chang.;Hong-Li Zhang.;Jing Sun.;Chong Meng.;Zai-Hui Zhang.;Li-Ying Shen.;Li Ma.;Gui-Chun Wang.;Run-Hui Li.;Ling Zhang.;Cheng Bi.;Li-Yun Wang.;Duo-Lao Wang.; .
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷7期627-636页
Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested a neuroprotective effect of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), which involves repeated occlusion/release cycles on bilateral upper limb arteries; however, robust evidence in patients with ischemic stroke is lacking.
175. Effect of Stenting Plus Medical Therapy vs Medical Therapy Alone on Risk of Stroke and Death in Patients With Symptomatic Intracranial Stenosis: The CASSISS Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Peng Gao.;Tao Wang.;Daming Wang.;David S Liebeskind.;Huaizhang Shi.;Tianxiao Li.;Zhenwei Zhao.;Yiling Cai.;Wei Wu.;Weiwen He.;Jia Yu.;Bingjie Zheng.;Haibo Wang.;Yangfeng Wu.;Adam A Dmytriw.;Timo Krings.;Colin P Derdeyn.;Liqun Jiao.; .
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷6期534-542页
Prior randomized trials have generally shown harm or no benefit of stenting added to medical therapy for patients with symptomatic severe intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis, but it remains uncertain as to whether refined patient selection and more experienced surgeons might result in improved outcomes.
176. Effect of Intravenous Tirofiban vs Placebo Before Endovascular Thrombectomy on Functional Outcomes in Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke: The RESCUE BT Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: .;Zhongming Qiu.;Fengli Li.;Hongfei Sang.;Weidong Luo.;Shuai Liu.;Wenhua Liu.;Zhangbao Guo.;Huagang Li.;Dong Sun.;Wenguo Huang.;Min Zhang.;Min Zhang.;Weipeng Dai.;Peiyang Zhou.;Wei Deng.;Zhiming Zhou.;Xianjun Huang.;Bo Lei.;Jinglun Li.;Zhengzhou Yuan.;Bo Song.;Jian Miao.;Shudong Liu.;Zhenglong Jin.;Guoyong Zeng.;Hongliang Zeng.;Junjie Yuan.;Changming Wen.;Yang Yu.;Guangxiong Yuan.;Junxiong Wu.;Chen Long.;Jun Luo.;Zhenxuan Tian.;Chong Zheng.;Zhizhou Hu.;Shouchun Wang.;Tao Wang.;Li Qi.;Rongzong Li.;Yue Wan.;Yingbing Ke.;Youlin Wu.;Xiurong Zhu.;Weilin Kong.;Jiacheng Huang.;Daizhou Peng.;Mingze Chang.;Hanming Ge.;Zhonghua Shi.;Zhizhong Yan.;Jie Du.;Ying Jin.;Dongsheng Ju.;Chuming Huang.;Yifan Hong.;Tianzhu Liu.;Wenlong Zhao.;Jian Wang.;Bo Zheng.;Li Wang.;Shugai Liu.;Xiaojun Luo.;Shiwei Luo.;Xinwei Xu.;Jinrong Hu.;Jie Pu.;Shengli Chen.;Yaxuan Sun.;Shunfu Jiang.;Liping Wei.;Xinmin Fu.;Yongjie Bai.;Shunyu Yang.;Wei Hu.;Guling Zhang.;Chengde Pan.;Shuai Zhang.;Yan Wang.;Wenfeng Cao.;Shiquan Yang.;Jun Zhang.;Fuqiang Guo.;Hongbin Wen.;Jinhua Zhang.;Jiaxing Song.;Chengsong Yue.;Linyu Li.;Deping Wu.;Yan Tian.;Jie Yang.;Mengjie Lu.;Jeffrey L Saver.;Raul G Nogueira.;Wenjie Zi.;Qingwu Yang.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷6期543-553页
Tirofiban is a highly selective nonpeptide antagonist of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor, which reversibly inhibits platelet aggregation. It remains uncertain whether intravenous tirofiban is effective to improve functional outcomes for patients with large vessel occlusion ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular thrombectomy.
177. Effect of Graded Sensorimotor Retraining on Pain Intensity in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Matthew K Bagg.;Benedict M Wand.;Aidan G Cashin.;Hopin Lee.;Markus Hübscher.;Tasha R Stanton.;Neil E O'Connell.;Edel T O'Hagan.;Rodrigo R N Rizzo.;Michael A Wewege.;Martin Rabey.;Stephen Goodall.;Sopany Saing.;Serigne N Lo.;Hannu Luomajoki.;Robert D Herbert.;Chris G Maher.;G Lorimer Moseley.;James H McAuley.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷5期430-439页
The effects of altered neural processing, defined as altering neural networks responsible for perceptions of pain and function, on chronic pain remains unclear.
178. Effect of Intravitreal Aflibercept vs Laser Photocoagulation on Treatment Success of Retinopathy of Prematurity: The FIREFLEYE Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Andreas Stahl.;Emine A Sukgen.;Wei-Chi Wu.;Domenico Lepore.;Hidehiko Nakanishi.;Jan Mazela.;Darius M Moshfeghi.;Robert Vitti.;Aditya Athanikar.;Karen Chu.;Pablo Iveli.;Fei Zhao.;Thomas Schmelter.;Sergio Leal.;Evra Köfüncü.;Noriyuki Azuma.; .
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷4期348-359页
Laser photocoagulation, which is the standard treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), can have adverse events. Studies of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections have suggested efficacy in the treatment of ROP, but few studies have directly compared them with laser treatments.
179. Effect of High- vs Low-Dose Tranexamic Acid Infusion on Need for Red Blood Cell Transfusion and Adverse Events in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: The OPTIMAL Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Jia Shi.;Chenghui Zhou.;Wei Pan.;Hansong Sun.;Sheng Liu.;Wei Feng.;Weijian Wang.;Zhaoyun Cheng.;Yang Wang.;Zhe Zheng.; .
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷4期336-347页
Tranexamic acid is recommended for reducing blood loss and transfusion in cardiac surgery. However, it remains unknown whether a high dose of tranexamic acid provides better blood-sparing effect than a low dose without increasing the risk of thrombotic complications or seizures in cardiac surgery.
180. Effect of 4% Albumin Solution vs Ringer Acetate on Major Adverse Events in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Eero Pesonen.;Hanna Vlasov.;Raili Suojaranta.;Seppo Hiippala.;Alexey Schramko.;Erika Wilkman.;Tiina Eränen.;Kaapo Arvonen.;Maxim Mazanikov.;Ulla-Stina Salminen.;Mihkel Meinberg.;Tommi Vähäsilta.;Liisa Petäjä.;Peter Raivio.;Tatu Juvonen.;Ville Pettilä.
来源: JAMA. 2022年328卷3期251-258页
In cardiac surgery, albumin solution may maintain hemodynamics better than crystalloids and reduce the decrease in platelet count and excessive fluid balance, but randomized trials are needed to compare the effectiveness of these approaches in reducing surgical complications.
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