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1641. Effect of exercise on total and intra-abdominal body fat in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Melinda L Irwin.;Yutaka Yasui.;Cornelia M Ulrich.;Deborah Bowen.;Rebecca E Rudolph.;Robert S Schwartz.;Michi Yukawa.;Erin Aiello.;John D Potter.;Anne McTiernan.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷3期323-30页
The increasing prevalence of obesity is a major public health concern. Physical activity may promote weight and body fat loss.
1642. Dual-chamber pacing or ventricular backup pacing in patients with an implantable defibrillator: the Dual Chamber and VVI Implantable Defibrillator (DAVID) Trial.
作者: Bruce L Wilkoff.;James R Cook.;Andrew E Epstein.;H Leon Greene.;Alfred P Hallstrom.;Henry Hsia.;Steven P Kutalek.;Arjun Sharma.; .
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷24期3115-23页
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy with backup ventricular pacing increases survival in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Most currently implanted ICD devices provide dual-chamber pacing therapy. The most common comorbid cause for mortality in this population is congestive heart failure.
1643. Prophylactic treatment of migraine with an angiotensin II receptor blocker: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Erling Tronvik.;Lars J Stovner.;Grethe Helde.;Trond Sand.;Gunnar Bovim.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷1期65-9页
There is a paucity of effective, well-tolerated drugs available for migraine prophylaxis.
1644. Treatment of antidepressant-associated sexual dysfunction with sildenafil: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: H George Nurnberg.;Paula L Hensley.;Alan J Gelenberg.;Maurizio Fava.;John Lauriello.;Susan Paine.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷1期56-64页
Sexual dysfunction is a common adverse effect of antidepressants that frequently results in treatment noncompliance.
1645. Benefit of an early invasive management strategy in women with acute coronary syndromes.
作者: Ruchira Glaser.;Howard C Herrmann.;Sabina A Murphy.;Laura A Demopoulos.;Peter M DiBattiste.;Christopher P Cannon.;Eugene Braunwald.
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷24期3124-9页
Women who present with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) have different characteristics than men. Reports have conflicted about whether different outcomes exist for women with use of a routine invasive management strategy. However, these studies were performed prior to the widespread use of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and intracoronary stents.
1646. Major outcomes in moderately hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive patients randomized to pravastatin vs usual care: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT-LLT).
Studies have demonstrated that statins administered to individuals with risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) reduce CHD events. However, many of these studies were too small to assess all-cause mortality or outcomes in important subgroups.
1647. Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT).
Antihypertensive therapy is well established to reduce hypertension-related morbidity and mortality, but the optimal first-step therapy is unknown.
1648. Health-related quality-of-life assessments and patient-physician communication: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Symone B Detmar.;Martin J Muller.;Jan H Schornagel.;Lidwina D V Wever.;Neil K Aaronson.
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷23期3027-34页
There has been increasing interest in the use of health-related quality-of-life (HRQL) assessments in daily clinical practice, yet few empirical studies have been conducted to evaluate the usefulness of such assessments.
1649. Effect of a clinical practice improvement intervention on Chlamydial screening among adolescent girls.
作者: Mary-Ann B Shafer.;Kathleen P Tebb.;Robert H Pantell.;Charles J Wibbelsman.;John M Neuhaus.;Ann C Tipton.;Sharon Brown Kunin.;Timothy H Ko.;David M Schweppe.;David A Bergman.
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷22期2846-52页
Chlamydia trachomatis infection is a serious public health concern that disproportionately affects adolescent girls. Although annual C trachomatis screening of sexually active adolescent girls is recommended by health professional organizations and is a Health Employer Data and Information Set (HEDIS) performance measure, this goal is not being met.
1650. Collaborative care management of late-life depression in the primary care setting: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Jürgen Unützer.;Wayne Katon.;Christopher M Callahan.;John W Williams.;Enid Hunkeler.;Linda Harpole.;Marc Hoffing.;Richard D Della Penna.;Polly Hitchcock Noël.;Elizabeth H B Lin.;Patricia A Areán.;Mark T Hegel.;Lingqi Tang.;Thomas R Belin.;Sabine Oishi.;Christopher Langston.; .
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷22期2836-45页
Few depressed older adults receive effective treatment in primary care settings.
1651. Efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Howard L Corwin.;Andrew Gettinger.;Ronald G Pearl.;Mitchell P Fink.;Mitchell M Levy.;Marc J Shapiro.;Michael J Corwin.;Theodore Colton.; .
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷22期2827-35页
Anemia is common in critically ill patients and results in a large number of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. Recent data have raised the concern that RBC transfusions may be associated with worse clinical outcomes in some patients.
1652. Effects of decision aids for menorrhagia on treatment choices, health outcomes, and costs: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Andrew D M Kennedy.;Mark J Sculpher.;Angela Coulter.;Nuala Dwyer.;Margaret Rees.;Keith R Abrams.;Susan Horsley.;Deborah Cowley.;Christine Kidson.;Catherine Kirwin.;Caroline Naish.;Gordon Stirrat.
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷21期2701-8页
Decision aids can increase patient involvement in treatment decision making. However, questions remain regarding their effects and cost implications.
1653. Myocardial perfusion imaging for evaluation and triage of patients with suspected acute cardiac ischemia: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: James E Udelson.;Joni R Beshansky.;Daniel S Ballin.;James A Feldman.;John L Griffith.;Jonathan Handler.;Gary V Heller.;Robert C Hendel.;J Hector Pope.;Robin Ruthazer.;Ethan J Spiegler.;Robert H Woolard.;Harry P Selker.
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷21期2693-700页
Observational studies of acute myocardial perfusion imaging in emergency department (ED) patients with chest pain have suggested high sensitivity and negative predictive value for acute cardiac ischemia, but use of this method has not been prospectively tested.
1654. Effect of mechanical ventilator weaning protocols on respiratory outcomes in infants and children: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Adrienne G Randolph.;David Wypij.;Shekhar T Venkataraman.;James H Hanson.;Rainer G Gedeit.;Kathleen L Meert.;Peter M Luckett.;Peter Forbes.;Michelle Lilley.;John Thompson.;Ira M Cheifetz.;Patricia Hibberd.;Randall Wetzel.;Peter N Cox.;John H Arnold.; .
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷20期2561-8页
Ventilator management protocols shorten the time required to wean adult patients from mechanical ventilation. The efficacy of such weaning protocols among children has not been studied.
1655. Effect of blood pressure lowering and antihypertensive drug class on progression of hypertensive kidney disease: results from the AASK trial.
作者: Jackson T Wright.;George Bakris.;Tom Greene.;Larry Y Agodoa.;Lawrence J Appel.;Jeanne Charleston.;DeAnna Cheek.;Janice G Douglas-Baltimore.;Jennifer Gassman.;Richard Glassock.;Lee Hebert.;Kenneth Jamerson.;Julia Lewis.;Robert A Phillips.;Robert D Toto.;John P Middleton.;Stephen G Rostand.; .
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷19期2421-31页
Hypertension is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States, with no known treatment to prevent progressive declines leading to ESRD.
1656. Effects of hormone replacement therapy and antioxidant vitamin supplements on coronary atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: David D Waters.;Edwin L Alderman.;Judith Hsia.;Barbara V Howard.;Frederick R Cobb.;William J Rogers.;Pamela Ouyang.;Paul Thompson.;Jean Claude Tardif.;Lyall Higginson.;Vera Bittner.;Michael Steffes.;David J Gordon.;Michael Proschan.;Naji Younes.;Joel I Verter.
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷19期2432-40页
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and antioxidant vitamins are widely used for secondary prevention in postmenopausal women with coronary disease, but no clinical trials have demonstrated benefit to support their use.
1657. Early and sustained dual oral antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Steven R Steinhubl.;Peter B Berger.;J Tift Mann.;Edward T A Fry.;Augustin DeLago.;Charles Wilmer.;Eric J Topol.; .
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷19期2411-20页
Following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), short-term clopidogrel therapy in addition to aspirin leads to greater protection from thrombotic complications than aspirin alone. However, the optimal duration of combination oral antiplatelet therapy is unknown. Also, although current clinical data suggest a benefit for beginning therapy with a clopidogrel loading dose prior to PCI, the practical application of this therapy has not been prospectively studied.
1658. Behavioral training with and without biofeedback in the treatment of urge incontinence in older women: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Kathryn L Burgio.;Patricia S Goode.;Julie L Locher.;Mary G Umlauf.;David L Roth.;Holly E Richter.;R Edward Varner.;L Keith Lloyd.
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷18期2293-9页
Previous research on urge urinary incontinence has demonstrated that multicomponent behavioral training with biofeedback is safe and effective, yet it has not been established whether biofeedback is an essential component that heightens therapeutic efficacy.
1659. Growth hormone and sex steroid administration in healthy aged women and men: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Marc R Blackman.;John D Sorkin.;Thomas Münzer.;Michele F Bellantoni.;Jan Busby-Whitehead.;Thomas E Stevens.;Jocelyn Jayme.;Kieran G O'Connor.;Colleen Christmas.;Jordan D Tobin.;Kerry J Stewart.;Ernest Cottrell.;Carol St Clair.;Katharine M Pabst.;S Mitchell Harman.
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷18期2282-92页
Hormone administration to elderly individuals can increase lean body mass (LBM) and decrease fat, but interactive effects of growth hormone (GH) and sex steroids and their influence on strength and endurance are unknown.
1660. Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Karlene Ball.;Daniel B Berch.;Karin F Helmers.;Jared B Jobe.;Mary D Leveck.;Michael Marsiske.;John N Morris.;George W Rebok.;David M Smith.;Sharon L Tennstedt.;Frederick W Unverzagt.;Sherry L Willis.; .
来源: JAMA. 2002年288卷18期2271-81页
Cognitive function in older adults is related to independent living and need for care. However, few studies have addressed whether improving cognitive functions might have short- or long-term effects on activities related to living independently.
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