当前位置: 首页 >> 检索结果
1621. Prevention of hip fractures by external hip protectors: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Natasja M van Schoor.;Johannes H Smit.;Jos W R Twisk.;Lex M Bouter.;Paul Lips.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷15期1957-62页
Several randomized controlled trials have been performed to examine the effectiveness of external hip protectors in reducing the incidence of hip fractures, but the results are controversial.
1622. Effects of Internet behavioral counseling on weight loss in adults at risk for type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial.
Weight loss programs on the Internet appear promising for short-term weight loss but have not been studied for weight loss in individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes; thus, the longer-term efficacy is unknown.
1623. Recombinant variant of ciliary neurotrophic factor for weight loss in obese adults: a randomized, dose-ranging study.
作者: Mark P Ettinger.;Thomas W Littlejohn.;Sherwyn L Schwartz.;Stuart R Weiss.;Harris H McIlwain.;Steven B Heymsfield.;George A Bray.;William G Roberts.;Eugene R Heyman.;Nancy Stambler.;Stanley Heshka.;Catherine Vicary.;Hans-Peter Guler.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷14期1826-32页
Obese individuals tend to resist the weight-regulating effects of exogenously administered leptin. A genetically engineered recombinant human variant ciliary neurotrophic factor (rhvCNTF) that signals through leptinlike pathways in the hypothalamus has been shown to bypass leptin resistance in animal models of obesity.
1624. Zonisamide for weight loss in obese adults: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Kishore M Gadde.;Deborah M Franciscy.;H Ryan Wagner.;K Ranga R Krishnan.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷14期1820-5页
Zonisamide is a marketed antiepileptic drug that has serotonergic and dopaminergic activity in addition to blockade of sodium and calcium channels. Weight loss was an adverse effect associated with zonisamide treatment in epilepsy clinical trials.
1625. Behavior therapy and sibutramine for the treatment of adolescent obesity: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Robert I Berkowitz.;Thomas A Wadden.;Andrew M Tershakovec.;Joanna L Cronquist.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷14期1805-12页
Adolescent obesity is becoming a national public health problem. Weight-loss medications including sibutramine facilitate weight control in adults and could be used with obese adolescents in combination with behavior therapy (BT).
1626. Effect of weight loss and lifestyle changes on vascular inflammatory markers in obese women: a randomized trial.
作者: Katherine Esposito.;Alessandro Pontillo.;Carmen Di Palo.;Giovanni Giugliano.;Mariangela Masella.;Raffaele Marfella.;Dario Giugliano.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷14期1799-804页
Obesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which may be mediated by increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by adipose tissue.
1627. Weight loss with self-help compared with a structured commercial program: a randomized trial.
作者: Stanley Heshka.;James W Anderson.;Richard L Atkinson.;Frank L Greenway.;James O Hill.;Stephen D Phinney.;Ronette L Kolotkin.;Karen Miller-Kovach.;F Xavier Pi-Sunyer.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷14期1792-8页
Although commercial weight loss programs provide treatment to millions of clients, their efficacy has not been evaluated in rigorous long-term trials.
1628. Effect of hydroxyurea on mortality and morbidity in adult sickle cell anemia: risks and benefits up to 9 years of treatment.
作者: Martin H Steinberg.;Franca Barton.;Oswaldo Castro.;Charles H Pegelow.;Samir K Ballas.;Abdullah Kutlar.;Eugene Orringer.;Rita Bellevue.;Nancy Olivieri.;James Eckman.;Mala Varma.;Gloria Ramirez.;Brian Adler.;Wally Smith.;Timothy Carlos.;Kenneth Ataga.;Laura DeCastro.;Carolyn Bigelow.;Yogen Saunthararajah.;Margaret Telfer.;Elliott Vichinsky.;Susan Claster.;Susan Shurin.;Kenneth Bridges.;Myron Waclawiw.;Duane Bonds.;Michael Terrin.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷13期1645-51页
Hydroxyurea increases levels of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) and decreases morbidity from vaso-occlusive complications in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA). High HbF levels reduce morbidity and mortality.
1629. Cognitive behavioral therapy and aerobic exercise for Gulf War veterans' illnesses: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Sam T Donta.;Daniel J Clauw.;Charles C Engel.;Peter Guarino.;Peter Peduzzi.;David A Williams.;James S Skinner.;André Barkhuizen.;Thomas Taylor.;Lewis E Kazis.;Stephanie Sogg.;Stephen C Hunt.;Cynthia M Dougherty.;Ralph D Richardson.;Charles Kunkel.;William Rodriguez.;Edwin Alicea.;Philippe Chiliade.;Margaret Ryan.;Gregory C Gray.;Larry Lutwick.;Dorothy Norwood.;Samantha Smith.;Michael Everson.;Warren Blackburn.;Wade Martin.;J McLeod Griffiss.;Robert Cooper.;Ed Renner.;James Schmitt.;Cynthia McMurtry.;Manisha Thakore.;Deanna Mori.;Robert Kerns.;Maryann Park.;Sally Pullman-Mooar.;Jack Bernstein.;Paul Hershberger.;Don C Salisbury.;John R Feussner.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷11期1396-404页
Gulf War veterans' illnesses (GWVI), multisymptom illnesses characterized by persistent pain, fatigue, and cognitive symptoms, have been reported by many Gulf War veterans. There are currently no effective therapies available to treat GWVI.
1630. Delaying defibrillation to give basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation to patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation: a randomized trial.
作者: Lars Wik.;Trond Boye Hansen.;Frode Fylling.;Thorbjørn Steen.;Per Vaagenes.;Bjørn H Auestad.;Petter Andreas Steen.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷11期1389-95页
Defibrillation as soon as possible is standard treatment for patients with ventricular fibrillation. A nonrandomized study indicates that after a few minutes of ventricular fibrillation, delaying defibrillation to give cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) first might improve the outcome.
1631. Efficacy of selected hand hygiene agents used to remove Bacillus atrophaeus (a surrogate of Bacillus anthracis) from contaminated hands.
作者: David J Weber.;Emily Sickbert-Bennett.;Maria F Gergen.;William A Rutala.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷10期1274-7页
The intentional use of Bacillus anthracis transmitted via the US mail in October-November 2001 resulted in 22 people developing inhalation or cutaneous anthrax. Glove use with handwashing prior to and after contact with potential contaminated environmental surfaces and cutaneous lesions has been recommended. However, only limited data are available on the susceptibility of B anthracis to antiseptics.
1632. Preliminary assessment of inhaled nitric oxide for acute vaso-occlusive crisis in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease.
作者: Debra L Weiner.;Patricia L Hibberd.;Peter Betit.;Andrew B Cooper.;Christine A Botelho.;Carlo Brugnara.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷9期1136-42页
Vaso-occlusion is central to the painful crises and acute and chronic organ damage in sickle cell disease. Abnormal nitric oxide-dependent regulation of vascular tone, adhesion, platelet activation, and inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of vaso-occlusion. Nitric oxide may have promise as a mechanism-of-disease-based therapy for treatment of vaso-occlusion.
1633. Antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine for severe aplastic anemia: association between hematologic response and long-term outcome.
In most patients, aplastic anemia results from T-cell-mediated immune destruction of bone marrow. Aplastic anemia can be effectively treated by stem cell transplantation or immunosuppression.
1634. Impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, brain injury, and severe retinopathy on the outcome of extremely low-birth-weight infants at 18 months: results from the trial of indomethacin prophylaxis in preterms.
作者: Barbara Schmidt.;Elizabeth V Asztalos.;Robin S Roberts.;Charlene M T Robertson.;Reginald S Sauve.;Michael F Whitfield.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷9期1124-9页
Despite more than 2 decades of outcomes research after very preterm birth, clinicians remain uncertain about the extent to which neonatal morbidities predict poor long-term outcomes of extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants.
1635. Outcome of elderly patients with chronic symptomatic coronary artery disease with an invasive vs optimized medical treatment strategy: one-year results of the randomized TIME trial.
作者: Matthias Pfisterer.;Peter Buser.;Stefan Osswald.;Urs Allemann.;Wolfgang Amann.;Walter Angehrn.;Eric Eeckhout.;Paul Erne.;Werner Estlinbaum.;Gabriela Kuster.;Tiziano Moccetti.;Barbara Naegeli.;Peter Rickenbacher.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷9期1117-23页
The risk-benefit ratio of invasive vs medical management of elderly patients with symptomatic chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) is unclear. The Trial of Invasive versus Medical therapy in Elderly patients (TIME) recently showed early benefits in quality of life from invasive therapy in patients aged 75 years or older, although with a certain excess in mortality.
1636. Use of child booster seats in motor vehicles following a community campaign: a controlled trial.
作者: Beth E Ebel.;Thomas D Koepsell.;Elizabeth E Bennett.;Frederick P Rivara.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷7期879-84页
Once children have outgrown car seats, booster seats protect from injury better than lap and shoulder belts alone. However, the majority of children aged 4 to 8 years use only an adult seat belt.
1637. Association of serum digoxin concentration and outcomes in patients with heart failure.
作者: Saif S Rathore.;Jeptha P Curtis.;Yongfei Wang.;Michael R Bristow.;Harlan M Krumholz.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷7期871-8页
The Digitalis Investigation Group (DIG) trial reported that digoxin provided no overall mortality benefit and only a modest reduction in hospitalizations among patients with heart failure and depressed left ventricular systolic function. The clinical outcomes associated with digoxin therapy at different serum concentrations in the DIG trial have not been assessed.
1638. Bivalirudin and provisional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade compared with heparin and planned glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade during percutaneous coronary intervention: REPLACE-2 randomized trial.
作者: A Michael Lincoff.;John A Bittl.;Robert A Harrington.;Frederick Feit.;Neal S Kleiman.;J Daniel Jackman.;Ian J Sarembock.;David J Cohen.;Douglas Spriggs.;Ramin Ebrahimi.;Gadi Keren.;Jeffrey Carr.;Eric A Cohen.;Amadeo Betriu.;Walter Desmet.;Dean J Kereiakes.;Wolfgang Rutsch.;Robert G Wilcox.;Pim J de Feyter.;Alec Vahanian.;Eric J Topol.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷7期853-63页
The direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin has been associated with better efficacy and less bleeding than heparin during coronary balloon angioplasty but has not been widely tested during contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
1639. Effects of initiating carvedilol in patients with severe chronic heart failure: results from the COPERNICUS Study.
作者: Henry Krum.;Ellen B Roecker.;Paul Mohacsi.;Jean L Rouleau.;Michal Tendera.;Andrew J S Coats.;Hugo A Katus.;Michael B Fowler.;Milton Packer.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷6期712-8页
Beta-blockers remain underused despite their established utility for improving outcome in heart failure. Concerns that initiation of treatment produces few immediate benefits and may have important risks may be deterring widespread use.
1640. Acetylcysteine for prevention of acute deterioration of renal function following elective coronary angiography and intervention: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Jay Kay.;Wing Hing Chow.;Tak Mao Chan.;Sing Kai Lo.;On Hing Kwok.;Alex Yip.;Katherine Fan.;Chi Hang Lee.;Wai Fai Lam.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷5期553-8页
The antioxidant acetylcysteine prevents acute contrast nephrotoxicity in patients with impaired renal function who undergo computed tomography scanning. However, its role in coronary angiography is unclear.
|