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1581. Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in preventing acute otitis media in young children: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Alejandro Hoberman.;David P Greenberg.;Jack L Paradise.;Howard E Rockette.;Judith R Lave.;Diana H Kearney.;D Kathleen Colborn.;Marcia Kurs-Lasky.;Mary Ann Haralam.;Carol J Byers.;Lisa M Zoffel.;Irene A Fabian.;Beverly S Bernard.;Jill D Kerr.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷12期1608-16页
Acute otitis media (AOM) frequently complicates influenza infection. Previous studies have found influenza vaccine effective in reducing the occurrence of AOM in children mainly older than 2 years.
1582. Evaluation of prolonged antithrombotic pretreatment ("cooling-off" strategy) before intervention in patients with unstable coronary syndromes: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Franz-Josef Neumann.;Adnan Kastrati.;Gisela Pogatsa-Murray.;Julinda Mehilli.;Hildegard Bollwein.;Hans-Peter Bestehorn.;Claus Schmitt.;Melchior Seyfarth.;Josef Dirschinger.;Albert Schömig.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷12期1593-9页
In unstable coronary syndromes, catheter intervention is frequently preceded by antithrombotic treatment to reduce periprocedural risk; however, evidence from clinical trials to support antithrombotic pretreatment is sparse.
1583. Effect of magnetic vs sham-magnetic insoles on plantar heel pain: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Mark H Winemiller.;Robert G Billow.;Edward R Laskowski.;W Scott Harmsen.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷11期1474-8页
Despite anecdotal reports, rigorous scientific evidence of the effectiveness of magnetic insoles for the pain of plantar fasciitis is lacking.
1584. Azithromycin for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease events: the WIZARD study: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Christopher M O'Connor.;Michael W Dunne.;Marc A Pfeffer.;Joseph B Muhlestein.;Louis Yao.;Sandeep Gupta.;Rebecca J Benner.;Marian R Fisher.;Thomas D Cook.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷11期1459-66页
Several lines of evidence have implied an association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and atherogenesis.
1585. Effect of an oral Shiga toxin-binding agent on diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome in children: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Howard Trachtman.;Avital Cnaan.;Erica Christen.;Kathleen Gibbs.;Sanyi Zhao.;David W K Acheson.;Robert Weiss.;Frederick J Kaskel.;Adrian Spitzer.;Gladys H Hirschman.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷10期1337-44页
Diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children. Most cases are caused by an intestinal infection with Shiga toxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli.
1586. Effect of exercise duration and intensity on weight loss in overweight, sedentary women: a randomized trial.
作者: John M Jakicic.;Bess H Marcus.;Kara I Gallagher.;Melissa Napolitano.;Wei Lang.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷10期1323-30页
A higher duration and intensity of exercise may improve long-term weight loss.
1587. Effect of ethics consultations on nonbeneficial life-sustaining treatments in the intensive care setting: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Lawrence J Schneiderman.;Todd Gilmer.;Holly D Teetzel.;Daniel O Dugan.;Jeffrey Blustein.;Ronald Cranford.;Kathleen B Briggs.;Glen I Komatsu.;Paula Goodman-Crews.;Felicia Cohn.;Ernlé W D Young.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷9期1166-72页
Ethics consultations increasingly are being used to resolve conflicts about life-sustaining interventions, but few studies have reported their outcomes.
1588. Ultralow-dose micronized 17beta-estradiol and bone density and bone metabolism in older women: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Karen M Prestwood.;Anne M Kenny.;Alison Kleppinger.;Martin Kulldorff.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷8期1042-8页
Estrogen therapy is known to prevent osteoporosis, but studies have shown that conventional doses increase adverse events. Whether lower doses, one quarter of standard treatment, prevent bone loss is not known.
1589. Efficacy of sertraline in the treatment of children and adolescents with major depressive disorder: two randomized controlled trials.
作者: Karen Dineen Wagner.;Paul Ambrosini.;Moira Rynn.;Christopher Wohlberg.;Ruoyong Yang.;Michael S Greenbaum.;Ann Childress.;Craig Donnelly.;Deborah Deas.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷8期1033-41页
The efficacy, safety, and tolerability of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the treatment of adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) are well established. Comparatively few data are available on the effects of SSRIs in depressed children and adolescents.
1591. Guggulipid for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Philippe O Szapary.;Megan L Wolfe.;LeAnne T Bloedon.;Andrew J Cucchiara.;Ara H DerMarderosian.;Michael D Cirigliano.;Daniel J Rader.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷6期765-72页
Herbal extracts from Commiphora mukul (guggul) have been widely used in Asia as cholesterol-lowering agents, and their popularity is increasing in the United States. Recently, guggulsterones, the purported bioactive compounds of guggul, have been shown to be potent antagonists of 2 nuclear hormone receptors involved in cholesterol metabolism, establishing a plausible mechanism of action for the hypolipidemic effects of these extracts. However, there are currently no published safety or efficacy data on the use of guggul extracts in Western populations.
1592. A mental health intervention for schoolchildren exposed to violence: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Bradley D Stein.;Lisa H Jaycox.;Sheryl H Kataoka.;Marleen Wong.;Wenli Tu.;Marc N Elliott.;Arlene Fink.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷5期603-11页
No randomized controlled studies have been conducted to date on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for children with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that has resulted from personally witnessing or being personally exposed to violence.
1593. Effects of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods vs lovastatin on serum lipids and C-reactive protein.
作者: David J A Jenkins.;Cyril W C Kendall.;Augustine Marchie.;Dorothea A Faulkner.;Julia M W Wong.;Russell de Souza.;Azadeh Emam.;Tina L Parker.;Edward Vidgen.;Karen G Lapsley.;Elke A Trautwein.;Robert G Josse.;Lawrence A Leiter.;Philip W Connelly.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷4期502-10页
To enhance the effectiveness of diet in lowering cholesterol, recommendations of the Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Program emphasize diets low in saturated fat together with plant sterols and viscous fibers, and the American Heart Association supports the use of soy protein and nuts.
1594. Acarbose treatment and the risk of cardiovascular disease and hypertension in patients with impaired glucose tolerance: the STOP-NIDDM trial.
作者: Jean-Louis Chiasson.;Robert G Josse.;Ramon Gomis.;Markolf Hanefeld.;Avraham Karasik.;Markku Laakso.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷4期486-94页
The worldwide explosive increase in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its cardiovascular morbidity are becoming major health concerns.
1595. Effect of behavioral training with or without pelvic floor electrical stimulation on stress incontinence in women: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Patricia S Goode.;Kathryn L Burgio.;Julie L Locher.;David L Roth.;Mary G Umlauf.;Holly E Richter.;R Edward Varner.;L Keith Lloyd.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷3期345-52页
Pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) has been shown to be effective for stress incontinence. However, its role in a multicomponent behavioral training program has not been defined.
1596. Efficacy and safety of tifacogin (recombinant tissue factor pathway inhibitor) in severe sepsis: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Edward Abraham.;Konrad Reinhart.;Steven Opal.;Ignace Demeyer.;Christopher Doig.;Angel López Rodriguez.;Richard Beale.;Petr Svoboda.;Pierre Francois Laterre.;Stuart Simon.;Bruce Light.;Herbert Spapen.;Judy Stone.;Allan Seibert.;Claus Peckelsen.;Cathy De Deyne.;Russell Postier.;Ville Pettilä.;Charles L Sprung.;Antonio Artigas.;Sandra R Percell.;Vincent Shu.;Christian Zwingelstein.;Jeffrey Tobias.;Lona Poole.;James C Stolzenbach.;Abla A Creasey.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷2期238-47页
The expression and release of tissue factor is a major trigger for the activation of coagulation in patients with sepsis. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) forms a complex with tissue factor and blood protease factors leading to inhibition of thrombin generation and fibrin formation.
1597. Phytoestrogen supplements for the treatment of hot flashes: the Isoflavone Clover Extract (ICE) Study: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Jeffrey A Tice.;Bruce Ettinger.;Kris Ensrud.;Robert Wallace.;Terri Blackwell.;Steven R Cummings.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷2期207-14页
Clinical trials demonstrating increased risk of cardiovascular disease and breast cancer among women randomized to hormone replacement therapy have increased interest in other therapies for menopausal symptoms. Dietary supplements containing isoflavones are widely used as alternatives to hormonal therapies for hot flashes, but there is a paucity of data supporting their efficacy.
1598. Treating depression in predominantly low-income young minority women: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Jeanne Miranda.;Joyce Y Chung.;Bonnie L Green.;Janice Krupnick.;Juned Siddique.;Dennis A Revicki.;Tom Belin.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷1期57-65页
Impoverished minority women experience a higher burden from depression than do white women because they are less likely to receive appropriate care. Little is known about the effectiveness of guideline-based care for depression with impoverished minority women, most of whom do not seek care.
1599. Use of continuous quality improvement to increase use of process measures in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: T Bruce Ferguson.;Eric D Peterson.;Laura P Coombs.;Mary C Eiken.;Meghan L Carey.;Frederick L Grover.;Elizabeth R DeLong.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷1期49-56页
A rigorous evaluation of continuous quality improvement (CQI) in medical practice has not been carried out on a national scale.
1600. Response to smallpox vaccine in persons immunized in the distant past.
作者: Sharon E Frey.;Frances K Newman.;Lihan Yan.;Kathleen R Lottenbach.;Robert B Belshe.
来源: JAMA. 2003年289卷24期3295-9页
There is renewed interest in use of smallpox vaccine due to the potential for a bioterrorist attack. This would involve vaccinating health care workers who were previously vaccinated.
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