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1541. Prehospital hypertonic saline resuscitation of patients with hypotension and severe traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: D James Cooper.;Paul S Myles.;Francis T McDermott.;Lynette J Murray.;John Laidlaw.;Gregory Cooper.;Ann B Tremayne.;Stephen S Bernard.;Jennie Ponsford.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷11期1350-7页
Prehospital hypertonic saline (HTS) resuscitation of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) may increase survival but whether HTS improves neurological outcomes is unknown.
1542. Patient-controlled transdermal fentanyl hydrochloride vs intravenous morphine pump for postoperative pain: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Eugene R Viscusi.;Lowell Reynolds.;Frances Chung.;Linda E Atkinson.;Sarita Khanna.
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷11期1333-41页
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with morphine is commonly used to provide acute postoperative pain control after major surgery. The fentanyl hydrochloride patient-controlled transdermal system eliminates the need for venous access and complicated programming of pumps.
1543. Effect of neurolytic celiac plexus block on pain relief, quality of life, and survival in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Gilbert Y Wong.;Darrell R Schroeder.;Paul E Carns.;Jack L Wilson.;David P Martin.;Michelle O Kinney.;Carlos B Mantilla.;David O Warner.
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷9期1092-9页
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive tumor associated with high mortality. Optimal pain control may improve quality of life (QOL) for these patients.
1544. Reducing suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in depressed older primary care patients: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Martha L Bruce.;Thomas R Ten Have.;Charles F Reynolds.;Ira I Katz.;Herbert C Schulberg.;Benoit H Mulsant.;Gregory K Brown.;Gail J McAvay.;Jane L Pearson.;George S Alexopoulos.
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷9期1081-91页
Suicide rates are highest in late life; the majority of older adults who die by suicide have seen a primary care physician in preceding months. Depression is the strongest risk factor for late-life suicide and for suicide's precursor, suicidal ideation.
1545. Effect of intensive compared with moderate lipid-lowering therapy on progression of coronary atherosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Steven E Nissen.;E Murat Tuzcu.;Paul Schoenhagen.;B Greg Brown.;Peter Ganz.;Robert A Vogel.;Tim Crowe.;Gail Howard.;Christopher J Cooper.;Bruce Brodie.;Cindy L Grines.;Anthony N DeMaria.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷9期1071-80页
Statin drugs reduce both atherogenic lipoproteins and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the optimal strategy and target level for lipid reduction remain uncertain.
1546. Topiramate for migraine prevention: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Jan Lewis Brandes.;Joel R Saper.;Merle Diamond.;James R Couch.;Donald W Lewis.;Jennifer Schmitt.;Walter Neto.;Stefan Schwabe.;David Jacobs.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷8期965-73页
Small open-label and controlled trials suggest that the antiepileptic drug topiramate is effective for migraine prevention.
1547. Antihypertensive treatment based on blood pressure measurement at home or in the physician's office: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Jan A Staessen.;Elly Den Hond.;Hilde Celis.;Robert Fagard.;Louis Keary.;Guy Vandenhoven.;Eoin T O'Brien.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷8期955-64页
Self-measurement of blood pressure is increasingly used in clinical practice, but how it affects the treatment of hypertension requires further study.
1548. Early administration of reteplase plus abciximab vs abciximab alone in patients with acute myocardial infarction referred for percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Adnan Kastrati.;Julinda Mehilli.;Klaus Schlotterbeck.;Franz Dotzer.;Josef Dirschinger.;Claus Schmitt.;Stephan G Nekolla.;Melchior Seyfarth.;Stefan Martinoff.;Christina Markwardt.;Günther Clermont.;Hans-Wilhelm Gerbig.;Johannes Leiss.;Markus Schwaiger.;Albert Schömig.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷8期947-54页
The optimal pharmacological strategy for bridging the delay between admission and performance of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) is not known.
1549. Antiangiogenic therapy for von Hippel-Lindau disease.
作者: Srinivasan Madhusudan.;Gaël Deplanque.;Jeremy P Braybrooke.;Emma Cattell.;Marian Taylor.;Pat Price.;Marie D Tsaloumas.;Niall Moore.;Susan M Huson.;Chris Adams.;Peggy Frith.;Paul Scigalla.;Adrian L Harris.
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷8期943-4页 1550. Association between C-reactive protein and age-related macular degeneration.
作者: Johanna M Seddon.;Gary Gensler.;Roy C Milton.;Michael L Klein.;Nader Rifai.
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷6期704-10页
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a systemic inflammatory marker associated with risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Some risk factors for CVD are associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but the association between CRP and AMD is unknown.
1551. Antiphospholipid antibodies and subsequent thrombo-occlusive events in patients with ischemic stroke.
作者: Steven R Levine.;Robin L Brey.;Barbara C Tilley.;J L P Thompson.;Ralph L Sacco.;Robert R Sciacca.;A Murphy.;Yimeng Lu.;Teresa M Costigan.;Candi Rhine.;Bruce Levin.;Douglas A Triplett.;J P Mohr.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷5期576-84页
The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) has been associated with vascular occlusive events. However, the role of aPL in predicting ischemic events, particularly recurrent ischemic stroke, is controversial.
1552. Lowering homocysteine in patients with ischemic stroke to prevent recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and death: the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) randomized controlled trial.
作者: James F Toole.;M René Malinow.;Lloyd E Chambless.;J David Spence.;L Creed Pettigrew.;Virginia J Howard.;Elizabeth G Sides.;Chin-Hua Wang.;Meir Stampfer.
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷5期565-75页
In observational studies, elevated plasma total homocysteine levels have been positively associated with ischemic stroke risk. However the utility of homocysteine-lowering therapy to reduce that risk has not been confirmed by randomized trials.
1553. Memantine treatment in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer disease already receiving donepezil: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Pierre N Tariot.;Martin R Farlow.;George T Grossberg.;Stephen M Graham.;Scott McDonald.;Ivan Gergel.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷3期317-24页
Memantine is a low- to moderate-affinity, uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist. Controlled trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of memantine monotherapy for patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer disease (AD) but no controlled trials of memantine in patients receiving a cholinesterase inhibitor have been performed.
1554. Effects of ranolazine with atenolol, amlodipine, or diltiazem on exercise tolerance and angina frequency in patients with severe chronic angina: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Bernard R Chaitman.;Carl J Pepine.;John O Parker.;Jaroslav Skopal.;Galina Chumakova.;Jerzy Kuch.;Whedy Wang.;Sandra L Skettino.;Andrew A Wolff.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷3期309-16页
Many patients with chronic angina experience anginal episodes despite revascularization and antianginal medications. In a previous trial, antianginal monotherapy with ranolazine, a drug believed to partially inhibit fatty acid oxidation, increased treadmill exercise performance; however, its long-term efficacy and safety have not been studied in combination with beta-blockers or calcium antagonists in a large patient population with severe chronic angina.
1555. Electrocardiographic and hemodynamic effects of a multicomponent dietary supplement containing ephedra and caffeine: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Brian F McBride.;Angeliki K Karapanos.;Agnes Krudysz.;Jeffrey Kluger.;Craig I Coleman.;C Michael White.
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷2期216-21页
Metabolife 356, a multicomponent dietary supplement containing ephedra and caffeine (DSEC) in addition to several other components, is the top-selling dietary weight loss supplement. Given its common use, anecdotal reports of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events, and paucity of safety data, further research with this DSEC was warranted.
1556. Helicobacter pylori eradication to prevent gastric cancer in a high-risk region of China: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Benjamin Chun-Yu Wong.;Shiu Kum Lam.;Wai Man Wong.;Jian Shun Chen.;Ting Ting Zheng.;Rui E Feng.;Kam Chuen Lai.;Wayne Hsing Cheng Hu.;Siu Tsan Yuen.;Suet Yi Leung.;Daniel Yee Tak Fong.;Joanna Ho.;Chi Kong Ching.;Jun Shi Chen.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷2期187-94页
Although chronic Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with gastric cancer, the effect of H pylori treatment on prevention of gastric cancer development in chronic carriers is unknown.
1557. Surgical site infection and the routine use of perioperative hyperoxia in a general surgical population: a randomized controlled trial.
Surgical site infection (SSI) in the general surgical population is a significant public health issue. The use of a high fractional inspired concentration of oxygen (FIO2) during the perioperative period has been reported to be of benefit in selected patients, but its role as a routine intervention has not been investigated.
1558. Intrathecal ziconotide in the treatment of refractory pain in patients with cancer or AIDS: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Peter S Staats.;Thomas Yearwood.;Steven G Charapata.;Robert W Presley.;Mark S Wallace.;Michael Byas-Smith.;Robert Fisher.;David A Bryce.;Eugene A Mangieri.;Robert R Luther.;Martha Mayo.;Dawn McGuire.;David Ellis.
来源: JAMA. 2004年291卷1期63-70页
Ziconotide (formerly SNX-111) selectively blocks N-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels and may be effective in patients with pain that is refractory to opioid therapy or those with intolerable opioid-related adverse effects.
1559. A practice-based intervention to enhance quality of care in the first 3 years of life: the Healthy Steps for Young Children Program.
作者: Cynthia S Minkovitz.;Nancy Hughart.;Donna Strobino.;Dan Scharfstein.;Holly Grason.;William Hou.;Tess Miller.;David Bishai.;Marilyn Augustyn.;Kathryn Taaffe McLearn.;Bernard Guyer.
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷23期3081-91页
There is growing concern regarding the quality of health care available in the United States for young children, and specific limitations have been noted in developmental and behavioral services provided for children in the first 3 years of life.
1560. Efalizumab for patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Kenneth B Gordon.;Kim A Papp.;Tiffani K Hamilton.;Patricia A Walicke.;Wolfgang Dummer.;Nicole Li.;Brian W Bresnahan.;Alan Menter.; .
来源: JAMA. 2003年290卷23期3073-80页
Because T-cell interactions are involved in the pathophysiology of psoriasis, therapy with a T-cell modulator may have beneficial effects on psoriasis severity and health-related quality of life (HRQL).
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