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1501. Early intensive vs a delayed conservative simvastatin strategy in patients with acute coronary syndromes: phase Z of the A to Z trial.
作者: James A de Lemos.;Michael A Blazing.;Stephen D Wiviott.;Eldrin F Lewis.;Keith A A Fox.;Harvey D White.;Jean-Lucien Rouleau.;Terje R Pedersen.;Laura H Gardner.;Robin Mukherjee.;Karen E Ramsey.;Joanne Palmisano.;David W Bilheimer.;Marc A Pfeffer.;Robert M Califf.;Eugene Braunwald.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷11期1307-16页
Limited data are available evaluating how the timing and intensity of statin therapy following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event affect clinical outcome.
1502. Effect of a clinic-based referral system to head start: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Michael Silverstein.;Christopher Mack.;Nicole Reavis.;Thomas D Koepsell.;Gregory S Gross.;David C Grossman.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷8期968-71页
Early childhood development programs such as Head Start have proven benefits for impoverished children. However, few physicians assist families with enrollment.
1503. Telephone psychotherapy and telephone care management for primary care patients starting antidepressant treatment: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Gregory E Simon.;Evette J Ludman.;Steve Tutty.;Belinda Operskalski.;Michael Von Korff.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷8期935-42页
Both antidepressant medication and structured psychotherapy have been proven efficacious, but less than one third of people with depressive disorders receive effective levels of either treatment.
1504. Effects of extended outpatient rehabilitation after hip fracture: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Ellen F Binder.;Marybeth Brown.;David R Sinacore.;Karen Steger-May.;Kevin E Yarasheski.;Kenneth B Schechtman.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷7期837-46页
Hip fractures are common in the elderly, and despite standard rehabilitation, many patients fail to regain their prefracture ambulatory or functional status.
1505. Vitamin E and respiratory tract infections in elderly nursing home residents: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Simin Nikbin Meydani.;Lynette S Leka.;Basil C Fine.;Gerard E Dallal.;Gerald T Keusch.;Maria Fiatarone Singh.;Davidson H Hamer.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷7期828-36页
Respiratory tract infections are prevalent in elderly individuals, resulting in increased morbidity, mortality, and use of health care services. Vitamin E supplementation has been shown to improve immune response in elderly persons. However, the clinical importance of these findings has not been determined.
1506. 6-month androgen suppression plus radiation therapy vs radiation therapy alone for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Anthony V D'Amico.;Judith Manola.;Marian Loffredo.;Andrew A Renshaw.;Alyssa DellaCroce.;Philip W Kantoff.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷7期821-7页
Survival benefit in the management of high-grade clinically localized prostate cancer has been shown for 70 Gy radiation therapy combined with 3 years of androgen suppression therapy (AST), but long-term AST is associated with many adverse events.
1507. Fluoxetine, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and their combination for adolescents with depression: Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) randomized controlled trial.
作者: John March.;Susan Silva.;Stephen Petrycki.;John Curry.;Karen Wells.;John Fairbank.;Barbara Burns.;Marisa Domino.;Steven McNulty.;Benedetto Vitiello.;Joanne Severe.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷7期807-20页
Initial treatment of major depressive disorder in adolescents may include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). However, little is known about their relative or combined effectiveness.
1509. Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant multivalent group a streptococcal vaccine in healthy adults: phase 1 trial.
作者: Karen L Kotloff.;Mary Corretti.;Kathleen Palmer.;James D Campbell.;Mark A Reddish.;Mary C Hu.;Steven S Wasserman.;James B Dale.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷6期709-15页
Group A streptococcal infections and their sequelae represent a global health problem. Recent advances have allowed previous obstacles associated with group A streptococcal vaccine development to be overcome.
1510. Long-term efficacy of bivalirudin and provisional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade vs heparin and planned glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade during percutaneous coronary revascularization: REPLACE-2 randomized trial.
作者: A Michael Lincoff.;Neal S Kleiman.;Dean J Kereiakes.;Frederick Feit.;John A Bittl.;J Daniel Jackman.;Ian J Sarembock.;David J Cohen.;Douglas Spriggs.;Ramin Ebrahimi.;Gadi Keren.;Jeffrey Carr.;Eric A Cohen.;Amadeo Betriu.;Walter Desmet.;Wolfgang Rutsch.;Robert G Wilcox.;Pim J de Feyter.;Alec Vahanian.;Eric J Topol.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷6期696-703页
In the Randomized Evaluation in PCI Linking Angiomax to Reduced Clinical Events (REPLACE)-2 trial, bivalirudin with provisional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (Gp IIb/IIIa) inhibition was found to be noninferior to heparin plus planned Gp IIb/IIIa blockade in the prevention of acute ischemic end points and was associated with significantly less bleeding by 30 days after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
1511. Effect of a computer-based decision aid on knowledge, perceptions, and intentions about genetic testing for breast cancer susceptibility: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Michael J Green.;Susan K Peterson.;Maria Wagner Baker.;Gregory R Harper.;Lois C Friedman.;Wendy S Rubinstein.;David T Mauger.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷4期442-52页
As the availability of and demand for genetic testing for hereditary cancers increases in primary care and other clinical settings, alternative or adjunct educational methods to traditional genetic counseling will be needed.
1512. Effect of a decision aid on knowledge and treatment decision making for breast cancer surgery: a randomized trial.
作者: Timothy Whelan.;Mark Levine.;Andrew Willan.;Amiram Gafni.;Ken Sanders.;Doug Mirsky.;Shelley Chambers.;Mary Ann O'Brien.;Susan Reid.;Sacha Dubois.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷4期435-41页
The long-term results of randomized trials have demonstrated equivalent survival rates for mastectomy and breast-conserving therapy for the treatment of early stage breast cancer. Consequently, the choice of treatment should be based on a patient's preferences.
1513. Efficacy and safety of statin therapy in children with familial hypercholesterolemia: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Albert Wiegman.;Barbara A Hutten.;Eric de Groot.;Jessica Rodenburg.;Henk D Bakker.;Harry R Büller.;Eric J G Sijbrands.;John J P Kastelein.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷3期331-7页
Children with familial hypercholesterolemia have endothelial dysfunction and increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), which herald the premature atherosclerotic disease they develop later in life. Although intervention therapy in the causal pathway of this disorder has been available for more than a decade, the long-term efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering medication have not been evaluated in children.
1514. Growth hormone-releasing hormone in HIV-infected men with lipodystrophy: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Polyxeni Koutkia.;Bridget Canavan.;Jeff Breu.;Martin Torriani.;John Kissko.;Steven Grinspoon.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷2期210-8页
Reduced growth hormone (GH) concentrations are observed in men with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) lipodystrophy.
1515. Nevirapine and zidovudine at birth to reduce perinatal transmission of HIV in an African setting: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Taha E Taha.;Newton I Kumwenda.;Donald R Hoover.;Susan A Fiscus.;George Kafulafula.;Chiwawa Nkhoma.;Samah Nour.;Shu Chen.;George Liomba.;Paolo G Miotti.;Robin L Broadhead.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷2期202-9页
Antenatal counseling and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing are not universal in Africa; thus, women often present in labor with unknown HIV status without receiving the HIVNET 012 nevirapine (NVP) regimen (a single oral dose of NVP to the mother at the start of labor and to the infant within 72 hours of birth).
1516. Efficacy and safety of tenofovir DF vs stavudine in combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive patients: a 3-year randomized trial.
作者: Joel E Gallant.;Schlomo Staszewski.;Anton L Pozniak.;Edwin DeJesus.;Jamal M A H Suleiman.;Michael D Miller.;Dion F Coakley.;Biao Lu.;John J Toole.;Andrew K Cheng.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷2期191-201页
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DF) is a once-daily nucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor.
1517. Efficacy and safety of emtricitabine vs stavudine in combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive patients: a randomized trial.
作者: Michael S Saag.;Pedro Cahn.;François Raffi.;Marcelo Wolff.;Daniel Pearce.;Jean-Michel Molina.;William Powderly.;Audrey L Shaw.;Elsa Mondou.;John Hinkle.;Katyna Borroto-Esoda.;Joseph B Quinn.;David W Barry.;Franck Rousseau.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷2期180-9页
Emtricitabine is a new, once-daily nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with potent activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
1518. Efficacy of an HIV prevention intervention for African American adolescent girls: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Ralph J DiClemente.;Gina M Wingood.;Kathy F Harrington.;Delia L Lang.;Susan L Davies.;Edward W Hook.;M Kim Oh.;Richard A Crosby.;Vicki Stover Hertzberg.;Angelita B Gordon.;James W Hardin.;Shan Parker.;Alyssa Robillard.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷2期171-9页
African American adolescent girls are at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but interventions specifically designed for this population have not reduced HIV risk behaviors.
1519. Effect of soy protein containing isoflavones on cognitive function, bone mineral density, and plasma lipids in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Sanne Kreijkamp-Kaspers.;Linda Kok.;Diederick E Grobbee.;Edward H F de Haan.;André Aleman.;Johanna W Lampe.;Yvonne T van der Schouw.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷1期65-74页
Postmenopausal estrogen therapy has been posited to have some beneficial effects on aging processes, but its use has risks. Isoflavones, estrogenlike compounds naturally occurring in plant foods, might confer positive effects with fewer adverse effects.
1520. Safety and efficacy of enoxaparin vs unfractionated heparin in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes who receive tirofiban and aspirin: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Michael A Blazing.;James A de Lemos.;Harvey D White.;Keith A A Fox.;Freek W A Verheugt.;Diego Ardissino.;Peter M DiBattiste.;Joanne Palmisano.;David W Bilheimer.;Steven M Snapinn.;Karen E Ramsey.;Laura H Gardner.;Vic Hasselblad.;Marc A Pfeffer.;Eldrin F Lewis.;Eugene Braunwald.;Robert M Califf.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷1期55-64页
Enoxaparin or the combination of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor tirofiban with unfractionated heparin independently have shown superior efficacy over unfractionated heparin alone in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS). It is not clear if combining enoxaparin with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors is as safe or as effective as the current standard combination of unfractionated heparin with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors.
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