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1481. Direct access to emergency contraception through pharmacies and effect on unintended pregnancy and STIs: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Tina R Raine.;Cynthia C Harper.;Corinne H Rocca.;Richard Fischer.;Nancy Padian.;Jeffrey D Klausner.;Philip D Darney.
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷1期54-62页
It is estimated that half of unintended pregnancies could be averted if emergency contraception (EC) were easily accessible and used.
1482. Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone diets for weight loss and heart disease risk reduction: a randomized trial.
作者: Michael L Dansinger.;Joi Augustin Gleason.;John L Griffith.;Harry P Selker.;Ernst J Schaefer.
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷1期43-53页
The scarcity of data addressing the health effects of popular diets is an important public health concern, especially since patients and physicians are interested in using popular diets as individualized eating strategies for disease prevention.
1483. Pegylated interferon alfa-2b vs standard interferon alfa-2b, plus ribavirin, for chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Fabrice Carrat.;Firouzé Bani-Sadr.;Stanislas Pol.;Eric Rosenthal.;Françoise Lunel-Fabiani.;Asmae Benzekri.;Patrice Morand.;Cécile Goujard.;Gilles Pialoux.;Lionel Piroth.;Dominique Salmon-Céron.;Claude Degott.;Patrice Cacoub.;Christian Perronne.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷23期2839-48页
Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is a growing concern. Most data on the virologic efficacy and safety of the combination of peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in coinfected patients come from uncontrolled studies.
1484. Magnetic resonance imaging of the breast prior to biopsy.
作者: David A Bluemke.;Constantine A Gatsonis.;Mei Hsiu Chen.;Gia A DeAngelis.;Nanette DeBruhl.;Steven Harms.;Sylvia H Heywang-Köbrunner.;Nola Hylton.;Christiane K Kuhl.;Constance Lehman.;Etta D Pisano.;Petrina Causer.;Stuart J Schnitt.;Stanley F Smazal.;Carol B Stelling.;Paul T Weatherall.;Mitchell D Schnall.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷22期2735-42页
Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to have high sensitivity for cancer detection and is increasingly used following mammography to evaluate suspicious breast lesions.
1485. Sirolimus-eluting vs uncoated stents for prevention of restenosis in small coronary arteries: a randomized trial.
作者: Diego Ardissino.;Claudio Cavallini.;Ezio Bramucci.;Ciro Indolfi.;Antonio Marzocchi.;Antonio Manari.;Giulia Angeloni.;Giuseppe Carosio.;Erminio Bonizzoni.;Stefania Colusso.;Monica Repetto.;Piera Angelica Merlini.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷22期2727-34页
Percutaneous coronary revascularization of small vessels is associated with a high restenosis rate. Sirolimus-eluting stents reduce restenosis in simple and previously untreated lesions of large coronary arteries, but their outcomes in small vessels have not been adequately investigated.
1486. Effects of a low-glycemic load diet on resting energy expenditure and heart disease risk factors during weight loss.
作者: Mark A Pereira.;Janis Swain.;Allison B Goldfine.;Nader Rifai.;David S Ludwig.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷20期2482-90页
Weight loss elicits physiological adaptations relating to energy intake and expenditure that antagonize ongoing weight loss.
1487. Effects of systematic prone positioning in hypoxemic acute respiratory failure: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Claude Guerin.;Sandrine Gaillard.;Stephane Lemasson.;Louis Ayzac.;Raphaele Girard.;Pascal Beuret.;Bruno Palmier.;Quoc Viet Le.;Michel Sirodot.;Sylvaine Rosselli.;Vincent Cadiergue.;Jean-Marie Sainty.;Philippe Barbe.;Emmanuel Combourieu.;Daniel Debatty.;Jean Rouffineau.;Eric Ezingeard.;Olivier Millet.;Dominique Guelon.;Luc Rodriguez.;Olivier Martin.;Anne Renault.;Jean-Paul Sibille.;Michel Kaidomar.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷19期2379-87页
A recent trial showed that placing patients with acute lung injury in the prone position did not increase survival; however, whether those results hold true for patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure (ARF) is unclear.
1488. Inpatient computer-based standing orders vs physician reminders to increase influenza and pneumococcal vaccination rates: a randomized trial.
作者: Paul R Dexter.;Susan M Perkins.;Kati S Maharry.;Kathy Jones.;Clement J McDonald.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷19期2366-71页
Computerized reminder systems increase influenza and pneumococcal vaccination rates, but computerized standing order systems have not been previously described or evaluated.
1489. Prognostic significance of left ventricular mass change during treatment of hypertension.
作者: Richard B Devereux.;Kristian Wachtell.;Eva Gerdts.;Kurt Boman.;Markku S Nieminen.;Vasilios Papademetriou.;Jens Rokkedal.;Katherine Harris.;Peter Aurup.;Björn Dahlöf.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷19期2350-6页
Increased baseline left ventricular (LV) mass predicts cardiovascular (CV) complications of hypertension, but the relation between lower LV mass and outcome during treatment for hypertension is uncertain.
1490. Regression of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy during antihypertensive treatment and the prediction of major cardiovascular events.
作者: Peter M Okin.;Richard B Devereux.;Sverker Jern.;Sverre E Kjeldsen.;Stevo Julius.;Markku S Nieminen.;Steven Snapinn.;Katherine E Harris.;Peter Aurup.;Jonathan M Edelman.;Hans Wedel.;Lars H Lindholm.;Björn Dahlöf.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷19期2343-9页
Electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. However, the predictive value of changes in the magnitude of electrocardiographic LVH criteria during antihypertensive therapy remains unclear.
1491. Effect of DHEA on abdominal fat and insulin action in elderly women and men: a randomized controlled trial.
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) administration has been shown to reduce accumulation of abdominal visceral fat and protect against insulin resistance in laboratory animals, but it is not known whether DHEA decreases abdominal obesity in humans. DHEA is widely available as a dietary supplement without a prescription.
1492. Metabolic effects of carvedilol vs metoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: George L Bakris.;Vivian Fonseca.;Richard E Katholi.;Janet B McGill.;Franz H Messerli.;Robert A Phillips.;Philip Raskin.;Jackson T Wright.;Rosemary Oakes.;Mary Ann Lukas.;Karen M Anderson.;David S H Bell.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷18期2227-36页
Beta-blockers have been shown to decrease cardiovascular risk in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM); however, some components of the metabolic syndrome are worsened by some beta-blockers.
1493. Effect of antihypertensive agents on cardiovascular events in patients with coronary disease and normal blood pressure: the CAMELOT study: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Steven E Nissen.;E Murat Tuzcu.;Peter Libby.;Paul D Thompson.;Magdi Ghali.;Dahlia Garza.;Lance Berman.;Harry Shi.;Ethel Buebendorf.;Eric J Topol.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷18期2217-25页
The effect of antihypertensive drugs on cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and normal blood pressure remains uncertain.
1494. Cognitive-behavior therapy, sertraline, and their combination for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: the Pediatric OCD Treatment Study (POTS) randomized controlled trial.
The empirical literature on treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents supports the efficacy of short-term OCD-specific cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) or medical management with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, little is known about their relative and combined efficacy.
1495. Repetitive bilateral arm training and motor cortex activation in chronic stroke: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Andreas R Luft.;Sandy McCombe-Waller.;Jill Whitall.;Larry W Forrester.;Richard Macko.;John D Sorkin.;Jörg B Schulz.;Andrew P Goldberg.;Daniel F Hanley.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷15期1853-61页
Reorganization in central motor networks occurs during early recovery from hemiparetic stroke. In chronic stroke survivors, specific rehabilitation therapy can improve upper extremity function.
1496. Influence of patient literacy on the effectiveness of a primary care-based diabetes disease management program.
作者: Russell L Rothman.;Darren A DeWalt.;Robb Malone.;Betsy Bryant.;Ayumi Shintani.;Britton Crigler.;Morris Weinberger.;Michael Pignone.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷14期1711-6页
Low literacy is an important barrier for patients with diabetes, but interventions to address low literacy have not been well examined.
1497. Estrogen plus progestin and risk of venous thrombosis.
作者: Mary Cushman.;Lewis H Kuller.;Ross Prentice.;Rebecca J Rodabough.;Bruce M Psaty.;Randall S Stafford.;Steven Sidney.;Frits R Rosendaal.; .
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷13期1573-80页
Postmenopausal hormone therapy increases the risk of venous thrombosis. It is not known whether other factors influencing thrombosis add to this risk.
1498. Effect of a mediterranean-style diet on endothelial dysfunction and markers of vascular inflammation in the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trial.
作者: Katherine Esposito.;Raffaele Marfella.;Miryam Ciotola.;Carmen Di Palo.;Francesco Giugliano.;Giovanni Giugliano.;Massimo D'Armiento.;Francesco D'Andrea.;Dario Giugliano.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷12期1440-6页
The metabolic syndrome has been identified as a target for dietary therapies to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease; however, the role of diet in the etiology of the metabolic syndrome is poorly understood.
1499. Vaccination success rate and reaction profile with diluted and undiluted smallpox vaccine: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Thomas R Talbot.;Jack T Stapleton.;Rebecca C Brady.;Patricia L Winokur.;David I Bernstein.;Teresa Germanson.;Sandra M Yoder.;Michael T Rock.;James E Crowe.;Kathryn M Edwards.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷10期1205-12页
Additional smallpox vaccine doses are needed to augment current US national stockpile. Aventis Pasteur smallpox vaccine (APSV), initially manufactured in the 1950s from the New York Board of Health vaccinia strain in a frozen preparation, appears as effective as lyophilized vaccine but the effectiveness of diluted doses of APSV is unclear.
1500. Effect of galantamine hydrobromide in chronic fatigue syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: C V Russell Blacker.;David T Greenwood.;Keith A Wesnes.;Rosamund Wilson.;Carol Woodward.;Ian Howe.;Tauhid Ali.
来源: JAMA. 2004年292卷10期1195-204页
There is no established pharmacological treatment for the core symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Galantamine hydrobromide, an acetyl cholesterone inhibitor, has pharmacological properties that might benefit patients with CFS.
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