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1441. Anesthesia-assisted vs buprenorphine- or clonidine-assisted heroin detoxification and naltrexone induction: a randomized trial.
作者: Eric D Collins.;Herbert D Kleber.;Robert A Whittington.;Nicole E Heitler.
来源: JAMA. 2005年294卷8期903-13页
Rapid opioid detoxification with opioid antagonist induction using general anesthesia has emerged as an expensive, potentially dangerous, unproven approach to treat opioid dependence.
1442. Cognitive therapy for the prevention of suicide attempts: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Gregory K Brown.;Thomas Ten Have.;Gregg R Henriques.;Sharon X Xie.;Judd E Hollander.;Aaron T Beck.
来源: JAMA. 2005年294卷5期563-70页
Suicide attempts constitute a major risk factor for completed suicide, yet few interventions specifically designed to prevent suicide attempts have been evaluated.
1443. Perioperative N-acetylcysteine to prevent renal dysfunction in high-risk patients undergoing cabg surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Karen E A Burns.;Michael W A Chu.;Richard J Novick.;Stephanie A Fox.;Kerri Gallo.;Claudio M Martin.;Larry W Stitt.;A Paul Heidenheim.;M Lee Myers.;Louise Moist.
来源: JAMA. 2005年294卷3期342-50页
Renal dysfunction is a complication of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery performed with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant and vasodilator, counteracts renal ischemia and hypoxia.
1444. Administrative Data Feedback for Effective Cardiac Treatment: AFFECT, a cluster randomized trial.
Hospital report cards are increasingly being implemented for quality improvement despite lack of strong evidence to support their use.
1445. Effect of prone positioning on clinical outcomes in children with acute lung injury: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Martha A Q Curley.;Patricia L Hibberd.;Lori D Fineman.;David Wypij.;Mei-Chiung Shih.;John E Thompson.;Mary Jo C Grant.;Frederick E Barr.;Natalie Z Cvijanovich.;Lauren Sorce.;Peter M Luckett.;Michael A Matthay.;John H Arnold.
来源: JAMA. 2005年294卷2期229-37页
In uncontrolled clinical studies, prone positioning appeared to be safe and to improve oxygenation in pediatric patients with acute lung injury. However, the effect of prone positioning on clinical outcomes in children is not known.
1446. Improving the use of hospice services in nursing homes: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: David Casarett.;Jason Karlawish.;Knashawn Morales.;Roxane Crowley.;Terre Mirsch.;David A Asch.
来源: JAMA. 2005年294卷2期211-7页
Hospice care may improve the quality of end-of-life care for nursing home residents, but hospice is underutilized by this population, at least in part because physicians are not aware of their patients' preferences.
1447. Vitamin E in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: the Women's Health Study: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: I-Min Lee.;Nancy R Cook.;J Michael Gaziano.;David Gordon.;Paul M Ridker.;Joann E Manson.;Charles H Hennekens.;Julie E Buring.
来源: JAMA. 2005年294卷1期56-65页
Basic research provides plausible mechanisms and observational studies suggest that apparently healthy persons, who self-select for high intakes of vitamin E through diet or supplements, have decreased risks of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Randomized trials do not generally support benefits of vitamin E, but there are few trials of long duration among initially healthy persons.
1448. Low-dose aspirin in the primary prevention of cancer: the Women's Health Study: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Nancy R Cook.;I-Min Lee.;J Michael Gaziano.;David Gordon.;Paul M Ridker.;JoAnn E Manson.;Charles H Hennekens.;Julie E Buring.
来源: JAMA. 2005年294卷1期47-55页
Basic research and observational evidence as well as results from trials of colon polyp recurrence suggest a role for aspirin in the chemoprevention of cancer.
1449. Information leaflet and antibiotic prescribing strategies for acute lower respiratory tract infection: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Paul Little.;Kate Rumsby.;Joanne Kelly.;Louise Watson.;Michael Moore.;Gregory Warner.;Tom Fahey.;Ian Williamson.
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷24期3029-35页
Acute lower respiratory tract infection is the most common condition treated in primary care. Many physicians still prescribe antibiotics; however, systematic reviews of the use of antibiotics are small and have diverse conclusions.
1450. Fish oil supplementation and risk of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation in patients with implantable defibrillators: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Merritt H Raitt.;William E Connor.;Cynthia Morris.;Jack Kron.;Blair Halperin.;Sumeet S Chugh.;James McClelland.;James Cook.;Karen MacMurdy.;Robert Swenson.;Sonja L Connor.;Glenn Gerhard.;Dale F Kraemer.;Daniel Oseran.;Christy Marchant.;David Calhoun.;Reed Shnider.;John McAnulty.
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷23期2884-91页
Clinical studies of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have shown a reduction in sudden cardiac death, suggesting that omega-3 PUFAs may have antiarrhythmic effects.
1451. Effect of orlistat on weight and body composition in obese adolescents: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Jean-Pierre Chanoine.;Sarah Hampl.;Craig Jensen.;Mark Boldrin.;Jonathan Hauptman.
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷23期2873-83页
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents is increasing rapidly. In this population, behavioral therapy alone has had limited success in providing meaningful, sustained weight reduction, and pharmacological treatment has not been extensively studied.
1452. Mechanical reperfusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction presenting more than 12 hours from symptom onset: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Albert Schömig.;Julinda Mehilli.;David Antoniucci.;Gjin Ndrepepa.;Christina Markwardt.;Francesco Di Pede.;Stephan G Nekolla.;Klaus Schlotterbeck.;Helmut Schühlen.;Jürgen Pache.;Melchior Seyfarth.;Stefan Martinoff.;Werner Benzer.;Claus Schmitt.;Josef Dirschinger.;Markus Schwaiger.;Adnan Kastrati.; .
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷23期2865-72页
No specifically designed studies have addressed the role of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) presenting more than 12 hours after symptom onset. Current guidelines do not recommend reperfusion treatment in these patients.
1453. Effect of routine isoniazid preventive therapy on tuberculosis incidence among HIV-infected men in South Africa: a novel randomized incremental recruitment study.
作者: Alison D Grant.;Salome Charalambous.;Katherine L Fielding.;John H Day.;Elizabeth L Corbett.;Richard E Chaisson.;Kevin M De Cock.;Richard J Hayes.;Gavin J Churchyard.
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷22期2719-25页
Tuberculosis preventive therapy reduces tuberculosis incidence among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals in clinical trials, but implementation has been limited and there are no data on effectiveness under routine conditions.
1454. Combined tetanus, diphtheria, and 5-component pertussis vaccine for use in adolescents and adults.
作者: Michael E Pichichero.;Margaret B Rennels.;Kathryn M Edwards.;Mark M Blatter.;Gary S Marshall.;Monica Bologa.;Elaine Wang.;Elaine Mills.
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷24期3003-11页
Increasing reports of pertussis among US adolescents, adults, and their infant contacts have stimulated vaccine development for older age groups.
1455. Radiofrequency ablation vs antiarrhythmic drugs as first-line treatment of symptomatic atrial fibrillation: a randomized trial.
作者: Oussama M Wazni.;Nassir F Marrouche.;David O Martin.;Atul Verma.;Mandeep Bhargava.;Walid Saliba.;Dianna Bash.;Robert Schweikert.;Johannes Brachmann.;Jens Gunther.;Klaus Gutleben.;Ennio Pisano.;Dominico Potenza.;Raffaele Fanelli.;Antonio Raviele.;Sakis Themistoclakis.;Antonio Rossillo.;Aldo Bonso.;Andrea Natale.
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷21期2634-40页
Treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs and anticoagulation is considered first-line therapy in patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) with radiofrequency ablation may cure AF, obviating the need for antiarrhythmic drugs and anticoagulation.
1456. Treatment of complicated grief: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Katherine Shear.;Ellen Frank.;Patricia R Houck.;Charles F Reynolds.
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷21期2601-8页
Complicated grief is a debilitating disorder associated with important negative health consequences, but the results of existing treatments for it have been disappointing.
1457. Life-threatening sepsis associated with adjuvant doxorubicin plus docetaxel for intermediate-risk breast cancer.
作者: Etienne G C Brain.;Thomas Bachelot.;Daniel Serin.;Sylvie Kirscher.;Yvon Graic.;Jean-Christophe Eymard.;Jean-Marc Extra.;Martin Combe.;Emmanuelle Fourme.;Catherine Noguès.;Jacques Rouëssé.; .
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷19期2367-71页
Adjuvant chemotherapy with new cytotoxic agents for breast cancer must be properly assessed for toxicity.
1458. Effects of a 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein inhibitor on biomarkers associated with risk of myocardial infarction: a randomized trial.
作者: Hakon Hakonarson.;Sverrir Thorvaldsson.;Anna Helgadottir.;Daniel Gudbjartsson.;Florian Zink.;Margret Andresdottir.;Andrei Manolescu.;David O Arnar.;Karl Andersen.;Axel Sigurdsson.;Gestur Thorgeirsson.;Asgeir Jonsson.;Uggi Agnarsson.;Halldora Bjornsdottir.;Gizur Gottskalksson.;Atli Einarsson.;Hrefna Gudmundsdottir.;Asdis E Adalsteinsdottir.;Kolbeinn Gudmundsson.;Kristleifur Kristjansson.;Thordur Hardarson.;Arni Kristinsson.;Eric J Topol.;Jeffrey Gulcher.;Augustine Kong.;Mark Gurney.;Gudmundur Thorgeirsson.;Kari Stefansson.
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷18期2245-56页
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death in the world. Variants in the 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) gene are associated with risk of MI.
1459. Acupuncture for patients with migraine: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Klaus Linde.;Andrea Streng.;Susanne Jürgens.;Andrea Hoppe.;Benno Brinkhaus.;Claudia Witt.;Stephan Wagenpfeil.;Volker Pfaffenrath.;Michael G Hammes.;Wolfgang Weidenhammer.;Stefan N Willich.;Dieter Melchart.
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷17期2118-25页
Acupuncture is widely used to prevent migraine attacks, but the available evidence of its benefit is scarce.
1460. Tirofiban and sirolimus-eluting stent vs abciximab and bare-metal stent for acute myocardial infarction: a randomized trial.
作者: Marco Valgimigli.;Gianfranco Percoco.;Patrizia Malagutti.;Gianluca Campo.;Fabrizio Ferrari.;Dario Barbieri.;Giordano Cicchitelli.;Eugène P McFadden.;Fabia Merlini.;Lucia Ansani.;Gabriele Guardigli.;Alessandro Bettini.;Giovanni Parrinello.;Eric Boersma.;Roberto Ferrari.; .
来源: JAMA. 2005年293卷17期2109-17页
Bare-metal stenting with abciximab pretreatment is currently considered a reasonable reperfusion strategy for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Sirolimus-eluting stents significantly reduce the need for target-vessel revascularization (TVR) vs bare-metal stents but substantially increase procedural costs. At current European list prices, the use of tirofiban instead of abciximab would absorb the difference in cost between stenting with sirolimus-eluting vs bare-metal stents.
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