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1221. Major Update 2: Remdesivir for Adults With COVID-19: A Living Systematic Review and Meta-analysis for the American College of Physicians Practice Points.
作者: Anjum S Kaka.;Roderick MacDonald.;Eric J Linskens.;Lisa Langsetmo.;Kathryn Vela.;Wei Duan-Porter.;Timothy J Wilt.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷5期701-709页
Remdesivir is approved for the treatment of adults hospitalized with COVID-19.
1222. Estimation of Breast Cancer Overdiagnosis in a U.S. Breast Screening Cohort.
作者: Marc D Ryser.;Jane Lange.;Lurdes Y T Inoue.;Ellen S O'Meara.;Charlotte Gard.;Diana L Miglioretti.;Jean-Luc Bulliard.;Andrew F Brouwer.;E Shelley Hwang.;Ruth B Etzioni.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷4期471-478页
Mammography screening can lead to overdiagnosis-that is, screen-detected breast cancer that would not have caused symptoms or signs in the remaining lifetime. There is no consensus about the frequency of breast cancer overdiagnosis.
1223. Early Changes in Billing and Notes After Evaluation and Management Guideline Change.
作者: Nate C Apathy.;Allison J Hare.;Sarah Fendrich.;Dori A Cross.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷4期499-504页
The American Medical Association updated guidance in 2021 for frequently used billing codes for outpatient evaluation and management (E/M) visits. The intent was to account for provider time outside of face-to-face encounters and to reduce onerous documentation requirements.
1224. Contribution of Individual- and Neighborhood-Level Social, Demographic, and Health Factors to COVID-19 Hospitalization Outcomes.
作者: Renuka Tipirneni.;Monita Karmakar.;Megan O'Malley.;Hallie C Prescott.;Vineet Chopra.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷4期505-512页
Although disparities in COVID-19 outcomes have been observed, factors contributing to these differences are not well understood.
1225. Diabetes-Related Complications and Mortality in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Receiving Different Oral Anticoagulants : A Nationwide Analysis.
作者: Huei-Kai Huang.;Peter Pin-Sung Liu.;Shu-Man Lin.;Jin-Yi Hsu.;Jih-I Yeh.;Edward Chia-Cheng Lai.;Carol Chiung-Hui Peng.;Kashif M Munir.;Ching-Hui Loh.;Yu-Kang Tu.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷4期490-498页
Evidence about the association between types of oral anticoagulants and hazards of diabetes complications is limited in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and diabetes mellitus (DM).
1227. The Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection in Persons With Naturally Acquired Immunity With and Without Subsequent Receipt of a Single Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine : A Retrospective Cohort Study.
作者: Sivan Gazit.;Roei Shlezinger.;Galit Perez.;Roni Lotan.;Asaf Peretz.;Amir Ben-Tov.;Esma Herzel.;Hillel Alapi.;Dani Cohen.;Khitam Muhsen.;Gabriel Chodick.;Tal Patalon.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷5期674-681页
There is insufficient evidence regarding the magnitude and durability of protection conferred by a combined effect of naturally acquired immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine-induced immunity.
1228. Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With a Prior Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3 Diagnosis : A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study With Sibling Comparison Design.
作者: Wei He.;Pär Sparén.;Fang Fang.;Verena Sengpiel.;Björn Strander.;Kamila Czene.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷2期210-218页
Treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN 3) removes or destroys part of the cervix and might subsequently influence pregnancy outcomes.
1229. When and How Would You Screen This Patient for Cervical Cancer? : Grand Rounds Discussion From Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.
作者: Eileen E Reynolds.;Amy Weinstein.;Huma Farid.;Howard Libman.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷2期267-275页
Successful screening programs based on cervical cytology have dramatically reduced the incidence of cervical cancer in the United States. Human papillomavirus immunization is poised to reduce it further as an increasing percentage of vaccinated women reach adulthood. A recent guideline from the American Cancer Society advises that cervical cancer screening begin at age 25 and that high-risk human papillomavirus testing is the preferred screening test. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening begin at age 21 and that cytology remain incorporated into screening. Here, 2 experts debate how to apply these guidelines to Ms. L, a 22-year-old woman who has never undergone cervical cancer screening.
1230. Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding.
Acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a common clinical entity. Expert management of acute GIB requires collaborative care between internists and other specialists. This article reviews the presentation, treatment, and prevention of acute GIB using recommendations from recent guidelines and expert panel reviews. The article acknowledges the pivotal role played by primary care providers in the inpatient and outpatient management of acute GIB.
1231. Association of AZD1222 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccination With Thromboembolic and Thrombocytopenic Events in Frontline Personnel : A Retrospective Cohort Study.
作者: Anders Hviid.;Jørgen Vinsløv Hansen.;Emilia Myrup Thiesson.;Jan Wohlfahrt.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷4期541-546页
In March 2021, several European countries suspended the use of the AZD1222 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) COVID-19 vaccine because of thromboembolic safety concerns. Reports from Norway and Germany subsequently described patients with venous thrombosis and thrombocytopenia within 5 to 16 days of vaccination.
1232. In patients with stable CVD receiving statins, evolocumab reduced acute arterial events across all vascular territories.
Oyama K, Giugliano RP, Tang M, et al. Effect of evolocumab on acute arterial events across all vascular territories: results from the FOURIER trial. Eur Heart J. 2021;42:4821-9. 34537830.
1233. In AF after TAVR, edoxaban was noninferior to VKAs for a composite of adverse events but increased major bleeding.
Van Mieghem NM, Unverdorben M, Hengstenberg C, et al. Edoxaban versus vitamin K antagonist for atrial fibrillation after TAVR. N Engl J Med. 2021;385:2150-60. 34449183.
1234. In mild acute diverticulitis, outpatient therapy without antibiotics was noninferior to antibiotics.
Mora-López L, Ruiz-Edo N, Estrada-Ferrer O, et al. Efficacy and safety of nonantibiotic outpatient treatment in mild acute diverticulitis (DINAMO-study): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, noninferiority trial. Ann Surg. 2021;274:e435-42. 34183510.
1235. In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, therapeutic- vs. prophylactic-dose heparin did not reduce a composite outcome at 28 d.
Sholzberg M, Tang GH, Rahhal H, et al. Effectiveness of therapeutic heparin versus prophylactic heparin on death, mechanical ventilation, or intensive care unit admission in moderately ill patients with covid-19 admitted to hospital: RAPID randomised clinical trial. BMJ. 2021;375:n2400. 34649864.
1236. In COVID-19, escalated- vs. prophylactic-dose anticoagulation does not reduce mortality and increases major bleeding.
Ortega-Paz L, Galli M, Capodanno D, et al. Safety and efficacy of different prophylactic anticoagulation dosing regimens in critically and non-critically ill patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2021. [Epub ahead of print.] 34519777.
1237. Historically High Excess Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Switzerland, Sweden, and Spain.
作者: Kaspar Staub.;Radoslaw Panczak.;Katarina L Matthes.;Joël Floris.;Claudia Berlin.;Christoph Junker.;Rolf Weitkunat.;Svenn-Erik Mamelund.;Marcel Zwahlen.;Julien Riou.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷4期523-532页
Excess mortality quantifies the overall mortality impact of a pandemic. Mortality data have been accessible for many countries in recent decades, but few continuous data have been available for longer periods.
1238. In high-risk inpatients with COVID-19, therapeutic- vs. standard-dose heparin reduced thromboembolism or death at 30 d.
Spyropoulos AC, Goldin M, Giannis D, et al. Efficacy and safety of therapeutic-dose heparin vs standard prophylactic or intermediate-dose heparins for thromboprophylaxis in high-risk hospitalized patients with COVID-19: the HEP-COVID randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2021;181:1612-20. 34617959.
1239. Cost-Effectiveness of Long-Acting Injectable HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis in the United States : A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
作者: Anne M Neilan.;Raphael J Landovitz.;Mylinh H Le.;Beatriz Grinsztejn.;Kenneth A Freedberg.;Marybeth McCauley.;Nattanicha Wattananimitgul.;Myron S Cohen.;Andrea L Ciaranello.;Meredith E Clement.;Krishna P Reddy.;Emily P Hyle.;A David Paltiel.;Rochelle P Walensky.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷4期479-489页
The HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 083 trial demonstrated the superiority of long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) compared with oral emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF) for HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
1240. In patients hospitalized for COPD exacerbation, a PE diagnostic strategy + usual care did not improve outcomes.
Jiménez D, Agustí A, Tabernero E, et al. Effect of a pulmonary embolism diagnostic strategy on clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for COPD exacerbation: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021;326:1277-85. 34609451.
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