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1221. Effects of initiating insulin and metformin on glycemic control and inflammatory biomarkers among patients with type 2 diabetes: the LANCET randomized trial.
作者: Aruna D Pradhan.;Brendan M Everett.;Nancy R Cook.;Nader Rifai.;Paul M Ridker.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷11期1186-94页
As diabetes is in part an inflammatory condition, the initiation of insulin and/or metformin may beneficially reduce levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP).
1222. Effects of donor pretreatment with dopamine on graft function after kidney transplantation: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Peter Schnuelle.;Uwe Gottmann.;Simone Hoeger.;Detlef Boesebeck.;Werner Lauchart.;Christel Weiss.;Michael Fischereder.;Karl-Walter Jauch.;Uwe Heemann.;Martin Zeier.;Christian Hugo.;Przemyslaw Pisarski.;Bernhard K Krämer.;Kai Lopau.;Axel Rahmel.;Urs Benck.;Rainer Birck.;Benito Antonio Yard.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷10期1067-75页
Kidney graft function after transplantation can be improved through pharmacological donor pretreatment to limit organ injury from cold preservation.
1223. Effect of procalcitonin-based guidelines vs standard guidelines on antibiotic use in lower respiratory tract infections: the ProHOSP randomized controlled trial.
作者: Philipp Schuetz.;Mirjam Christ-Crain.;Robert Thomann.;Claudine Falconnier.;Marcel Wolbers.;Isabelle Widmer.;Stefanie Neidert.;Thomas Fricker.;Claudine Blum.;Ursula Schild.;Katharina Regez.;Ronald Schoenenberger.;Christoph Henzen.;Thomas Bregenzer.;Claus Hoess.;Martin Krause.;Heiner C Bucher.;Werner Zimmerli.;Beat Mueller.; .
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷10期1059-66页
In previous smaller trials, a procalcitonin (PCT) algorithm reduced antibiotic use in patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs).
1224. Effect of mass distribution of azithromycin for trachoma control on overall mortality in Ethiopian children: a randomized trial.
作者: Travis C Porco.;Teshome Gebre.;Berhan Ayele.;Jenafir House.;Jeremy Keenan.;Zhaoxia Zhou.;Kevin Cyrus Hong.;Nicole Stoller.;Kathryn J Ray.;Paul Emerson.;Bruce D Gaynor.;Thomas M Lietman.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷9期962-8页
Mass oral azithromycin distribution to affected communities is a cornerstone of the World Health Organization's trachoma elimination program. Antibiotics are provided to target the ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma, but may also be efficacious against respiratory disease, diarrhea, and malaria--frequent causes of childhood mortality in trachoma-endemic areas.
1225. Laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation for alleviating chronic pelvic pain: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Jane Daniels.;Richard Gray.;Robert K Hills.;Pallavi Latthe.;Laura Buckley.;Janesh Gupta.;Tara Selman.;Elizabeth Adey.;Tengbin Xiong.;Rita Champaneria.;Richard Lilford.;Khalid S Khan.; .
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷9期955-61页
Chronic pelvic pain is a common condition with a major effect on health-related quality of life, work productivity, and health care use. Operative interruption of nerve trunks in the uterosacral ligaments by laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation (LUNA) is a treatment option for patients with chronic pelvic pain.
1226. Immediate vs delayed intervention for acute coronary syndromes: a randomized clinical trial.
作者: Gilles Montalescot.;Guillaume Cayla.;Jean-Philippe Collet.;Simon Elhadad.;Farzin Beygui.;Hervé Le Breton.;Rémi Choussat.;Florence Leclercq.;Johanne Silvain.;François Duclos.;Mounir Aout.;Jean-Luc Dubois-Randé.;Olivier Barthélémy.;Grégory Ducrocq.;Anne Bellemain-Appaix.;Laurent Payot.;Philippe-Gabriel Steg.;Patrick Henry.;Christian Spaulding.;Eric Vicaut.; .
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷9期947-54页
International guidelines recommend an early invasive strategy for patients with high-risk acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation, but the optimal timing of intervention is uncertain.
1227. Lower-dose vs high-dose oral estradiol therapy of hormone receptor-positive, aromatase inhibitor-resistant advanced breast cancer: a phase 2 randomized study.
作者: Matthew J Ellis.;Feng Gao.;Farrokh Dehdashti.;Donna B Jeffe.;P Kelly Marcom.;Lisa A Carey.;Maura N Dickler.;Paula Silverman.;Gini F Fleming.;Aruna Kommareddy.;S Jamalabadi-Majidi.;Robert Crowder.;Barry A Siegel.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷7期774-80页
Estrogen deprivation therapy with aromatase inhibitors has been hypothesized to paradoxically sensitize hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer tumor cells to low-dose estradiol therapy.
1228. Effects of a palliative care intervention on clinical outcomes in patients with advanced cancer: the Project ENABLE II randomized controlled trial.
作者: Marie Bakitas.;Kathleen Doyle Lyons.;Mark T Hegel.;Stefan Balan.;Frances C Brokaw.;Janette Seville.;Jay G Hull.;Zhongze Li.;Tor D Tosteson.;Ira R Byock.;Tim A Ahles.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷7期741-9页
There are few randomized controlled trials on the effectiveness of palliative care interventions to improve the care of patients with advanced cancer.
1229. Screening for intimate partner violence in health care settings: a randomized trial.
作者: Harriet L MacMillan.;C Nadine Wathen.;Ellen Jamieson.;Michael H Boyle.;Harry S Shannon.;Marilyn Ford-Gilboe.;Andrew Worster.;Barbara Lent.;Jeffrey H Coben.;Jacquelyn C Campbell.;Louise-Anne McNutt.; .
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷5期493-501页
Whether intimate partner violence (IPV) screening reduces violence or improves health outcomes for women is unknown.
1230. Effect of reduced-dose schedules with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage in children: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Elske J M van Gils.;Reinier H Veenhoven.;Eelko Hak.;Gerwin D Rodenburg.;Debby Bogaert.;Ed P F Ijzerman.;Jacob P Bruin.;Loek van Alphen.;Elisabeth A M Sanders.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷2期159-67页
The effects of reduced-dose schedules of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) on pneumococcal carriage in children are largely unknown, although highly relevant in the context of subsequent herd effects.
1231. Tubular diskectomy vs conventional microdiskectomy for sciatica: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Mark P Arts.;Ronald Brand.;M Elske van den Akker.;Bart W Koes.;Ronald H M A Bartels.;Wilco C Peul.; .
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷2期149-58页
Conventional microdiskectomy is the most frequently performed surgery for patients with sciatica due to lumbar disk herniation. Transmuscular tubular diskectomy has been introduced to increase the rate of recovery, although evidence is lacking of its efficacy.
1232. Early use of polymyxin B hemoperfusion in abdominal septic shock: the EUPHAS randomized controlled trial.
作者: Dinna N Cruz.;Massimo Antonelli.;Roberto Fumagalli.;Francesca Foltran.;Nicola Brienza.;Abele Donati.;Vincenzo Malcangi.;Flavia Petrini.;Giada Volta.;Franco M Bobbio Pallavicini.;Federica Rottoli.;Francesco Giunta.;Claudio Ronco.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷23期2445-52页
Polymyxin B fiber column is a medical device designed to reduce blood endotoxin levels in sepsis. Gram-negative-induced abdominal sepsis is likely associated with high circulating endotoxin. Reducing circulating endotoxin levels with polymyxin B hemoperfusion could potentially improve patient clinical outcomes.
1233. Radiation dose from cardiac computed tomography before and after implementation of radiation dose-reduction techniques.
作者: Gilbert L Raff.;Kavitha M Chinnaiyan.;David A Share.;Tauqir Y Goraya.;Ella A Kazerooni.;Mauro Moscucci.;Ralph E Gentry.;Aiden Abidov.; .
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷22期2340-8页
Cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) can accurately diagnose coronary artery disease, but radiation dose from this procedure is of concern.
1234. Prevention of depression in at-risk adolescents: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Judy Garber.;Gregory N Clarke.;V Robin Weersing.;William R Beardslee.;David A Brent.;Tracy R G Gladstone.;Lynn L DeBar.;Frances L Lynch.;Eugene D'Angelo.;Steven D Hollon.;Wael Shamseddeen.;Satish Iyengar.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷21期2215-24页
Adolescent offspring of depressed parents are at markedly increased risk of developing depressive disorders. Although some smaller targeted prevention trials have found that depression risk can be reduced, these results have yet to be replicated and extended to large-scale, at-risk populations in different settings.
1235. Optimized antidepressant therapy and pain self-management in primary care patients with depression and musculoskeletal pain: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Kurt Kroenke.;Matthew J Bair.;Teresa M Damush.;Jingwei Wu.;Shawn Hoke.;Jason Sutherland.;Wanzhu Tu.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷20期2099-110页
Pain and depression are the most common physical and psychological symptoms in primary care, respectively. Moreover, they co-occur 30% to 50% of the time and have adverse effects on quality of life, disability, and health care costs.
1236. Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Charles M Morin.;Annie Vallières.;Bernard Guay.;Hans Ivers.;Josée Savard.;Chantal Mérette.;Célyne Bastien.;Lucie Baillargeon.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷19期2005-15页
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and hypnotic medications are efficacious for short-term treatment of insomnia, but few patients achieve complete remission with any single treatment. It is unclear whether combined or maintenance therapies would enhance outcome.
1237. Intramyocardial bone marrow cell injection for chronic myocardial ischemia: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Jan van Ramshorst.;Jeroen J Bax.;Saskia L M A Beeres.;Petra Dibbets-Schneider.;Stijntje D Roes.;Marcel P M Stokkel.;Albert de Roos.;Willem E Fibbe.;Jaap J Zwaginga.;Eric Boersma.;Martin J Schalij.;Douwe E Atsma.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷19期1997-2004页
Previous studies have suggested that bone marrow cell injection may improve myocardial perfusion and left ventricular (LV) function in patients with chronic myocardial ischemia.
1238. Effects of home-based diet and exercise on functional outcomes among older, overweight long-term cancer survivors: RENEW: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Miriam C Morey.;Denise C Snyder.;Richard Sloane.;Harvey Jay Cohen.;Bercedis Peterson.;Terryl J Hartman.;Paige Miller.;Diane C Mitchell.;Wendy Demark-Wahnefried.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷18期1883-91页
Five-year survival rates for early stage colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer currently exceed 90% and are increasing. Cancer survivors are at greater risk for second malignancies, other comorbidities, and accelerated functional decline. Lifestyle interventions may provide benefit, but it is unknown whether long-term cancer survivors can modify their lifestyle behaviors sufficiently to improve functional status.
1239. Effect of a housing and case management program on emergency department visits and hospitalizations among chronically ill homeless adults: a randomized trial.
作者: Laura S Sadowski.;Romina A Kee.;Tyler J VanderWeele.;David Buchanan.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷17期1771-8页
Homeless adults, especially those with chronic medical illnesses, are frequent users of costly medical services, especially emergency department and hospital services.
1240. C-peptide levels and insulin independence following autologous nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus.
作者: Carlos E B Couri.;Maria C B Oliveira.;Ana B P L Stracieri.;Daniela A Moraes.;Fabiano Pieroni.;George M N Barros.;Maria Isabel A Madeira.;Kelen C R Malmegrim.;Maria C Foss-Freitas.;Belinda P Simões.;Edson Z Martinez.;Milton C Foss.;Richard K Burt.;Júlio C Voltarelli.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷15期1573-9页
In 2007, the effects of the autologous nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in 15 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) were reported. Most patients became insulin free with normal levels of glycated hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) during a mean 18.8-month follow-up. To investigate if this effect was due to preservation of beta-cell mass, continued monitoring was performed of C-peptide levels after stem cell transplantation in the 15 original and 8 additional patients.
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