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101. Effects of CPAP on Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With OSA: A Randomized Trial.
作者: Sara Q C Giampá.;Sofia F Furlan.;Lunara S Freitas.;Thiago A Macedo.;Adriana Lebkuchen.;Karina H M Cardozo.;Valdemir M Carvalho.;Franco C Martins.;Indira F B Azam.;Valéria Costa-Hong.;Heno F Lopes.;Mariana L Baptista.;Carlos E Rochitte.;Luiz A Bortolotto.;Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho.;Luciano F Drager.
来源: Chest. 2022年161卷5期1370-1381页
OSA is associated with metabolic syndrome (MS), but it is unclear whether OSA treatment with CPAP can revert MS.
102. Telemedical Intensivist Consultation During In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation: A Simulation-Based, Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Ithan D Peltan.;David Guidry.;Katie Brown.;Naresh Kumar.;William Beninati.;Samuel M Brown.
来源: Chest. 2022年162卷1期111-119页
High-quality leadership improves resuscitation for in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA), but experienced resuscitation leaders are unavailable in many settings.
103. Aspirin as a Treatment for ARDS: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
作者: Philip Toner.;Andrew J Boyle.;James J McNamee.;Kathryn Callaghan.;Christopher Nutt.;Paul Johnston.;John Trinder.;Margaret McFarland.;Rejina Verghis.;Daniel F McAuley.;Cecilia M O'Kane.
来源: Chest. 2022年161卷5期1275-1284页
There is no pharmacologic treatment for ARDS. Platelets play an important role in the pathophysiology of ARDS. Preclinical, observational, and clinically relevant models of ARDS indicate aspirin as a potential therapeutic option.
104. Effects of Traffic-Related Air Pollution on Exercise Endurance, Dyspnea, and Cardiorespiratory Responses in Health and COPD: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.
作者: Nafeez Syed.;Min Hyung Ryu.;Satvir Dhillon.;Michele R Schaeffer.;Andrew H Ramsook.;Janice M Leung.;Christopher J Ryerson.;Christopher Carlsten.;Jordan A Guenette.; .
来源: Chest. 2022年161卷3期662-675页
Individuals with COPD have increased sensitivity to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) such as diesel exhaust (DE), but little is known about the acute effects of TRAP on exercise responses in COPD.
105. Rivaroxaban vs Dalteparin in Cancer-Associated Thromboembolism: A Randomized Trial.
作者: Benjamin Planquette.;Laurent Bertoletti.;Anaïs Charles-Nelson.;Silvy Laporte.;Claire Grange.;Isabelle Mahé.;Gilles Pernod.;Antoine Elias.;Francis Couturaud.;Nicolas Falvo.;Marie Antoinette Sevestre.;Valérie Ray.;Alexis Burnod.;Nicolas Brebion.;Pierre-Marie Roy.;Miruna Timar-David.;Sandro Aquilanti.;Joel Constans.;Alessandra Bura-Rivière.;Dominique Brisot.;Gilles Chatellier.;Olivier Sanchez.;Guy Meyer.;Philippe Girard.;Patrick Mismetti.; .
来源: Chest. 2022年161卷3期781-790页
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are an alternative to low-molecular-weight heparin for treating cancer-associated VTE.
106. Study of Alteplase for Respiratory Failure in SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19: A Vanguard Multicenter, Rapidly Adaptive, Pragmatic, Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Christopher D Barrett.;Hunter B Moore.;Ernest E Moore.;Janice Wang.;Negin Hajizadeh.;Walter L Biffl.;Lawrence Lottenberg.;Purvesh R Patel.;Michael S Truitt.;Robert C McIntyre.;Todd M Bull.;Lee Anne Ammons.;Arsen Ghasabyan.;James Chandler.;Ivor S Douglas.;Eric P Schmidt.;Peter K Moore.;Franklin L Wright.;Ramona Ramdeo.;Robert Borrego.;Mario Rueda.;Achal Dhupa.;D Scott McCaul.;Tala Dandan.;Pralay K Sarkar.;Benazir Khan.;Coimbatore Sreevidya.;Conner McDaniel.;Heather M Grossman Verner.;Christopher Pearcy.;Lorenzo Anez-Bustillos.;Elias N Baedorf-Kassis.;Rashi Jhunjhunwala.;Shahzad Shaefi.;Krystal Capers.;Valerie Banner-Goodspeed.;Daniel S Talmor.;Angela Sauaia.;Michael B Yaffe.
来源: Chest. 2022年161卷3期710-727页
Pulmonary vascular microthrombi are a proposed mechanism of COVID-19 respiratory failure. We hypothesized that early administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) followed by therapeutic heparin would improve pulmonary function in these patients.
107. Reboxetine Plus Oxybutynin for OSA Treatment: A 1-Week, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Crossover Trial.
作者: Elisa Perger.;Luigi Taranto Montemurro.;Debora Rosa.;Stefano Vicini.;Mariapaola Marconi.;Lucia Zanotti.;Paolo Meriggi.;Ali Azarbarzin.;Scott A Sands.;Andrew Wellman.;Carolina Lombardi.;Gianfranco Parati.
来源: Chest. 2022年161卷1期237-247页
The recent discovery that a combination of noradrenergic and antimuscarinic drugs improved upper airway muscle function during sleep and reduced OSA severity has revitalized interest in pharmacologic therapies for OSA.
108. Riociguat for Sarcoidosis-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension: Results of a 1-Year Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
作者: Robert P Baughman.;Oksana A Shlobin.;Rohit Gupta.;Peter J Engel.;Jeffrey I Stewart.;Elyse E Lower.;Franck F Rahaghi.;Joyce Zeigler.;Steven D Nathan.
来源: Chest. 2022年161卷2期448-457页
Riociguat is effective in delaying the time to clinical worsening (TCW) in patients with groups 1 and 4 pulmonary hypertension.
109. Differential Effects of Electronic Hookah Vaping and Traditional Combustible Hookah Smoking on Oxidation, Inflammation, and Arterial Stiffness.
作者: Mary Rezk-Hanna.;Rajat Gupta.;Charlie O Nettle.;Daniel Dobrin.;Chiao-Wei Cheng.;Angelica Means.;Mary-Lynn Brecht.;Donald P Tashkin.;Jesus A Araujo.
来源: Chest. 2022年161卷1期208-218页
Traditional hookah smoking has grown quickly to become a global tobacco epidemic. More recently, electronic hookahs (e-hookahs)-vaped through traditional water pipes-were introduced as healthier alternatives to combustible hookah. With combustible tobacco smoking, oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular stiffness are key components in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The comparable effects of hookah are unknown.
110. Prenatal and Postnatal Household Air Pollution Exposures and Pneumonia Risk: Evidence From the Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study.
作者: Patrick L Kinney.;Kwaku-Poku Asante.;Alison G Lee.;Kenneth A Ae-Ngibise.;Katrin Burkart.;Ellen Boamah-Kaali.;Mieks Twumasi.;Stephaney Gyaase.;Ashlinn Quinn.;Felix B Oppong.;Blair J Wylie.;Seyram Kaali.;Steven Chillrud.;Abena Yawson.;Darby W Jack.;Seth Owusu-Agyei.
来源: Chest. 2021年160卷5期1634-1644页
Nearly 40% of the world's population is exposed daily to household air pollution. The relative impact of prenatal and postnatal household air pollution exposure on early childhood pneumonia, a leading cause of mortality, is unknown.
111. Prediction of Brain Death After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Development and Validation of the Brain Death After Cardiac Arrest Score.
作者: Thomas Madelaine.;Martin Cour.;Pascal Roy.;Benoît Vivien.;Julien Charpentier.;Florence Dumas.;Nicolas Deye.;Eric Bonnefoy.;Pierre-Yves Gueugniaud.;Joël Coste.;Alain Cariou.;Laurent Argaud.
来源: Chest. 2021年160卷1期139-147页
Among patients successfully resuscitated after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), 10% to 15% evolve toward brain death (BD), thus becoming potential organ donors.
112. The Effect of Pirfenidone on the Prescription of Antibiotics and Antitussive Drugs in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Post Hoc Exploratory Analysis of Phase III Clinical Trial.
作者: Atsushi Suzuki.;Hiroki Sakaguchi.;Koji Sakamoto.;Masahito Ebina.;Arata Azuma.;Takashi Ogura.;Yoshio Taguchi.;Moritaka Suga.;Hiroki Takahashi.;Yukihiko Sugiyama.;Shoji Kudoh.;Toshihiro Nukiwa.;Shogo Miyazawa.;Yasuhiro Kondoh.
来源: Chest. 2021年160卷4期1372-1376页 113. A Pilot Randomized Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis.
作者: Elliott D Crouser.;Rachel M Smith.;Daniel A Culver.;Mark W Julian.;Karen Martin.;Joanne Baran.;Christopher Diaz.;Barbaros Selnur Erdal.;Erinn M Hade.
来源: Chest. 2021年160卷4期1340-1349页
Tobacco smoking is associated with a reduced risk of developing sarcoidosis, and we previously reported that nicotine normalizes immune responses to environmental antigens in patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis. The effects of nicotine on the progression of pulmonary sarcoidosis are unknown.
114. Personalized Variable vs Fixed-Dose Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy in Hospitalized Patients With Acute Exacerbations of COPD: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label Clinical Trial.
作者: Li Li.;Nana Zhao.;Xiangyu Ma.;Fenfen Sun.;Binfeng He.;Zhen Qin.;Kui Wu.;Xingsheng Wang.;Qian Zhao.;Shisi Zhang.;Naifu Nie.;Dong Luo.;Bin Sun.;Ye Shen.;Yong He.;Fuqiang Wen.;Jinping Zheng.;Paul Jones.;Guoqiang Cao.
来源: Chest. 2021年160卷5期1660-1669页
Systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of COPD exacerbations decrease treatment failure and shorten the length of hospitalization. However, the optimal dose is unclear.
115. Towards Understanding the Effective Use of Antibiotics for Sepsis.
作者: Michiel Schinkel.;Ketan Paranjape.;Justin Kundert.;Rishi S Nannan Panday.;Nadia Alam.;Prabath W B Nanayakkara.
来源: Chest. 2021年160卷4期1211-1221页
The benefits of early antibiotics for sepsis have recently been questioned. Evidence for this mainly comes from observational studies. The only randomized trial on this subject, the Prehospital Antibiotics Against Sepsis (PHANTASi) trial, did not find significant mortality benefits from early antibiotics. That subgroups of patients benefit from this practice is still plausible, given the heterogeneous nature of sepsis.
116. Amikacin Liposome Inhalation Suspension for Refractory Mycobacterium avium Complex Lung Disease: Sustainability and Durability of Culture Conversion and Safety of Long-term Exposure.
作者: David E Griffith.;Rachel Thomson.;Patrick A Flume.;Timothy R Aksamit.;Stephen K Field.;Doreen J Addrizzo-Harris.;Kozo Morimoto.;Wouter Hoefsloot.;Kevin C Mange.;Dayton W Yuen.;Monika Ciesielska.;Richard J Wallace.;Jakko van Ingen.;Barbara A Brown-Elliott.;Chris Coulter.;Kevin L Winthrop.; .
来源: Chest. 2021年160卷3期831-842页
In the CONVERT study, treatment with amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS) added to guideline-based therapy (GBT) met the primary end point of increased culture conversion by month 6 in patients with treatment-refractory Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease (ALIS plus GBT, 29% [65/224] vs GBT alone, 8.9% [10/112]; P < .0001).
117. A Mobile Health Intervention to Increase Physical Activity in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
作者: Anna R Hemnes.;Luke G Silverman-Lloyd.;Shi Huang.;Grant MacKinnon.;Jeffrey Annis.;Carolyn S Whitmore.;Ravinder Mallugari.;Rashundra N Oggs.;Rezzan Hekmat.;Rongzi Shan.;Pauline P Huynh.;Chang Yu.;Seth S Martin.;Michael J Blaha.;Evan L Brittain.
来源: Chest. 2021年160卷3期1042-1052页
Supervised exercise training improves outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The effect of an unsupervised activity intervention has not been tested.
118. A Randomized Trial of Mycobacterium w in Severe Presumed Gram-Negative Sepsis.
作者: Inderpaul Singh Sehgal.;Nita M Basumatary.;Sahajal Dhooria.;Kuruswamy Thurai Prasad.;Valliappan Muthu.;Ashutosh N Aggarwal.;Arnab Pal.;Maharshi Desai.;Dhruva Chaudhry.;Pravin Dinkar Supe.;Prakash Kurmi.;Rajat Choudhuri.;Chaitri Shah.;Ritesh Agarwal.
来源: Chest. 2021年160卷4期1282-1291页
Mycobacterium w (Mw), an immunomodulator, has been shown to resolve early organ failure in severe sepsis.
119. Effect of Early High-Dose Vitamin D3 Repletion on Cognitive Outcomes in Critically Ill Adults.
作者: Jin H Han.;Adit A Ginde.;Samuel M Brown.;Adrienne Baughman.;Erin M Collar.;E Wesley Ely.;Michelle N Gong.;Aluko A Hope.;Peter C Hou.;Catherine L Hough.;Theodore J Iwashyna.;James C Jackson.;Akram Khan.;Onur M Orun.;Mayur B Patel.;Rameela Raman.;Todd W Rice.;Nancy Ringwood.;Matthew W Semler.;Nathan I Shapiro.;Daniel S Talmor.;Wesley H Self.; .
来源: Chest. 2021年160卷3期909-918页
Long-term cognitive impairment frequently occurs after critical illness; no treatments are known to improve long-term cognition.
120. Continuous Pneumatic Regulation of Tracheal Cuff Pressure to Decrease Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Trauma Patients Who Were Mechanically Ventilated: The AGATE Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study.
作者: Nicolas Marjanovic.;Matthieu Boisson.;Karim Asehnoune.;Arnaud Foucrier.;Sigismond Lasocki.;Carole Ichai.;Marc Leone.;Julien Pottecher.;Jean-Yves Lefrant.;Dominique Falcon.;Benoit Veber.;Russell Chabanne.;Claire-Marie Drevet.;Sébastien Pili-Floury.;Claire Dahyot-Fizelier.;Thomas Kerforne.;Sabrina Seguin.;Joe de Keizer.;Denis Frasca.;Jérémy Guenezan.;Olivier Mimoz.; .
来源: Chest. 2021年160卷2期499-508页
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent health care-associated infection in severely ill patients, and aspiration of contaminated oropharyngeal content around the cuff of the tracheal tube is the main route of contamination.
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