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101. Zerlasiran-A Small-Interfering RNA Targeting Lipoprotein(a): A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Steven E Nissen.;Qiuqing Wang.;Stephen J Nicholls.;Ann Marie Navar.;Kausik K Ray.;Gregory G Schwartz.;Michael Szarek.;Erik S G Stroes.;Roland Troquay.;Jannick A N Dorresteijn.;Henry Fok.;David A Rider.;Steven Romano.;Kathy Wolski.;Curtis Rambaran.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷23期1992-2002页
Elevated lipoprotein(a) increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and aortic stenosis.
102. Oral Muvalaplin for Lowering of Lipoprotein(a): A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Stephen J Nicholls.;Wei Ni.;Grace M Rhodes.;Steven E Nissen.;Ann Marie Navar.;Laura F Michael.;Axel Haupt.;John H Krege.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷3期222-231页
Muvalaplin inhibits lipoprotein(a) formation. A 14-day phase 1 study demonstrated that muvalaplin was well tolerated and reduced lipoprotein(a) levels up to 65%. The effect of longer administration of muvalaplin on lipoprotein(a) levels in individuals at high cardiovascular risk remains uncertain.
103. Pulmonary Vein Isolation With Optimized Linear Ablation vs Pulmonary Vein Isolation Alone for Persistent AF: The PROMPT-AF Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Caihua Sang.;Qiang Liu.;Yiwei Lai.;Shijun Xia.;Ruhong Jiang.;Songnan Li.;Qi Guo.;Qifan Li.;Mingyang Gao.;Xueyuan Guo.;Lihong Huang.;Nian Liu.;Chenxi Jiang.;Song Zuo.;Xiaoxia Liu.;Mengmeng Li.;Weili Ge.;Shangming Song.;Lianghua Chen.;Shuanglun Xie.;Jiangang Zou.;Ke Chen.;Xiangfei Liu.;Hesheng Hu.;Xinhua Wang.;Jinlin Zhang.;Zhaojun Wang.;Chi Wang.;Liu He.;Chao Jiang.;Ribo Tang.;Ning Zhou.;Yunlong Wang.;Deyong Long.;Xin Du.;Chenyang Jiang.;Laurent Macle.;Jianzeng Dong.;Changsheng Ma.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷5期381-389页
Success rates of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) are modest for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). Additional linear ablation beyond PVI has not been proved superior to PVI alone in randomized trials. Ethanol infusion of the vein of Marshall (EIVOM) facilitates ablation at the mitral isthmus and may lead to improved effectiveness of a linear ablation strategy.
104. Tenofovir and Hepatitis B Virus Transmission During Pregnancy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Calvin Q Pan.;Erhei Dai.;Zhongfu Mo.;Hua Zhang.;Thomas Q Zheng.;Yuming Wang.;Yingxia Liu.;Tianyan Chen.;Suwen Li.;Cuili Yang.;Jinjuan Wu.;Xiuli Chen.;Huaibin Zou.;Shanshan Mei.;Lin Zhu.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷5期390-399页
Standard care for preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in highly viremic mothers consists of maternal antiviral prophylaxis beginning at gestational week 28 combined with an HBV vaccine series and HBV immune globulin (HBIG) at birth. However, HBIG is unavailable in some resource-limited areas.
105. Symptom Screening Linked to Care Pathways for Pediatric Patients With Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: L Lee Dupuis.;Emily Vettese.;Allison C Grimes.;Melissa P Beauchemin.;Lisa M Klesges.;Christina Baggott.;Jenna Demedis.;Catherine Aftandilian.;David R Freyer.;Nicole Crellin-Parsons.;Etan Orgel.;David Dickens.;Kara M Kelly.;Wade Kyono.;Alexandra Walsh.;Farha Sherani.;Daniel Cannone.;Andrea D Orsey.;Allison A King.;Lolie Yu.;Wendy Woods-Swafford.;Scott M Bradfield.;Michael E Roth.;Adam J Esbenshade.;Emi H Caywood.;Vibhuti Agarwal.;Ramamoorthy Nagasubramanian.;George A Tomlinson.;Lillian Sung.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷23期1981-1991页
Pediatric patients with cancer commonly experience severely bothersome symptoms. The effectiveness of routine symptom screening with symptom feedback and symptom management care pathways is unknown.
106. Intratracheal Budesonide Mixed With Surfactant for Extremely Preterm Infants: The PLUSS Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Brett J Manley.;C Omar F Kamlin.;Susan M Donath.;Kate L Francis.;Jeanie L Y Cheong.;Peter A Dargaville.;Jennifer A Dawson.;Susan E Jacobs.;Pita Birch.;Steven M Resnick.;Georg M Schmölzer.;Brenda Law.;Risha Bhatia.;Katinka P Bach.;Koert de Waal.;Javeed N Travadi.;Pieter J Koorts.;Mary J Berry.;Kei Lui.;Victor S Rajadurai.;Suresh Chandran.;Martin Kluckow.;Elza Cloete.;Margaret M Broom.;Michael J Stark.;Adrienne Gordon.;Vinayak Kodur.;Lex W Doyle.;Peter G Davis.;Christopher J D McKinlay.; .
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷22期1889-1899页
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common adverse outcome in extremely preterm infants born at less than 28 weeks' gestation. Systemic corticosteroids are effective against BPD but may be associated with adverse outcomes. Corticosteroids given directly into the lungs may be effective and safer.
107. A Digital Health Behavior Intervention to Prevent Childhood Obesity: The Greenlight Plus Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: William J Heerman.;Russell L Rothman.;Lee M Sanders.;Jonathan S Schildcrout.;Kori B Flower.;Alan M Delamater.;Melissa C Kay.;Charles T Wood.;Rachel S Gross.;Aihua Bian.;Laura E Adams.;Evan C Sommer.;H Shonna Yin.;Eliana M Perrin.; .;Belen de la Barrera.;Malakha Bility.;Michelle Cruz Jimenez Smith.;Evelyn F Cruzatte.;Gabriela Guevara.;Janna B Howard.;Jacarra Lampkin.;Colin J Orr.;Jennifer Pilotos McBride.;Lourdes Quintana Forster.;Kimberly S Ramirez.;Javier Rodriguez.;Samantha Schilling.;W Elizabeth Shepard.;Altagracia Soto.;Jessica J Velazquez.;Shelby Wallace.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷24期2068-2080页
Infant growth predicts long-term obesity and cardiovascular disease. Previous interventions designed to prevent obesity in the first 2 years of life have been largely unsuccessful. Obesity prevalence is high among traditional racial and ethnic minority groups.
108. Early Intervention in Patients With Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis and Myocardial Fibrosis: The EVOLVED Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Krithika Loganath.;Neil J Craig.;Russell J Everett.;Rong Bing.;Vasiliki Tsampasian.;Patrycja Molek.;Simona Botezatu.;Saadia Aslam.;Steff Lewis.;Catriona Graham.;Audrey C White.;Tom MacGillivray.;Christopher E Tuck.;Phillip Rayson.;Denise Cranley.;Sian Irvine.;Ruth Armstrong.;Lynsey Milne.;Calvin W L Chin.;Graham S Hillis.;Timothy Fairbairn.;John P Greenwood.;Richard Steeds.;Stephen J Leslie.;Chim C Lang.;Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci.;Nikhil V Joshi.;Vijay Kunadian.;Vassilios S Vassiliou.;Jason N Dungu.;Sandeep S Hothi.;Nicholas Boon.;Sanjay K Prasad.;Niall G Keenan.;Dana Dawson.;Thomas A Treibel.;Mani Motwani.;Christopher A Miller.;Nicholas L Mills.;Ronak Rajani.;David P Ripley.;Gerry P McCann.;Bernard Prendergast.;Anvesha Singh.;David E Newby.;Marc R Dweck.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷3期213-221页
Development of myocardial fibrosis in patients with aortic stenosis precedes left ventricular decompensation and is associated with an adverse long-term prognosis.
109. Early, Individualized Recommendations for Hospitalized Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Abinet M Aklilu.;Steven Menez.;Megan L Baker.;Dannielle Brown.;Katie K Dircksen.;Kisha A Dunkley.;Simon Correa Gaviria.;Salia Farrokh.;Sophia C Faulkner.;Charles Jones.;Bashar A Kadhim.;Dustin Le.;Fan Li.;Amrita Makhijani.;Melissa Martin.;Dennis G Moledina.;Claudia Coronel-Moreno.;Kyle D O'Connor.;Kyra Shelton.;Kristina Shvets.;Nityasree Srialluri.;Jia Wei Tan.;Jeffrey M Testani.;Celia P Corona-Villalobos.;Yu Yamamoto.;Chirag R Parikh.;F Perry Wilson.; .
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷24期2081-2090页
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication during hospitalization and is associated with adverse outcomes.
110. Three vs 6 Cycles of Chemotherapy for High-Risk Retinoblastoma: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Huijing Ye.;Kang Xue.;Ping Zhang.;Rongxin Chen.;Xiaowen Zhai.;Li Ling.;Wei Xiao.;Lijuan Tang.;Hongsheng Wang.;Yuxiang Mao.;Siming Ai.;Yingwen Bi.;Qing Liu.;Yusha Zou.;Jiang Qian.;Huasheng Yang.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷19期1634-1641页
Adjuvant therapy is an important and effective treatment for retinoblastoma. However, there is a lack of head-to-head clinical trials comparing 3 vs 6 cycles of CEV chemotherapy (carboplatin, etoposide, and vincristine) for enucleated unilateral retinoblastoma with high-risk pathological features.
111. Electronic Nudges to Increase Influenza Vaccination in Patients With Chronic Diseases: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Niklas Dyrby Johansen.;Muthiah Vaduganathan.;Ankeet S Bhatt.;Daniel Modin.;Safia Chatur.;Brian L Claggett.;Kira Hyldekær Janstrup.;Carsten Schade Larsen.;Lykke Larsen.;Lothar Wiese.;Michael Dalager-Pedersen.;Lars Køber.;Scott D Solomon.;Pradeesh Sivapalan.;Jens Ulrik Stæhr Jensen.;Cyril Jean-Marie Martel.;Tyra Grove Krause.;Tor Biering-Sørensen.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷22期1900-1911页
Despite strong worldwide guideline recommendations, influenza vaccination rates remain suboptimal among young and middle-aged patients with chronic diseases. Effective scalable strategies to increase vaccination are needed.
112. Effect of Tele-ICU on Clinical Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients: The TELESCOPE Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Adriano J Pereira.;Danilo T Noritomi.;Maura Cristina Dos Santos.;Thiago D Corrêa.;Leonardo J R Ferraz.;Guilherme P P Schettino.;Eduardo Cordioli.;Renata A Morbeck.;Lúbia C Morais.;Jorge I F Salluh.;Luciano C P Azevedo.;Rodrigo S Biondi.;Regis G Rosa.;Alexandre B Cavalcanti.;Otavio Berwanger.;Ary Serpa Neto.;Otavio T Ranzani.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷21期1798-1807页
Despite its implementation in several countries, there has not been a randomized clinical trial to assess whether telemedicine in intensive care units (ICUs) could improve clinical outcomes of critically ill patients.
113. Restrictive vs Liberal Transfusion Strategy in Patients With Acute Brain Injury: The TRAIN Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Fabio Silvio Taccone.;Carla Bittencourt Rynkowski.;Kirsten Møller.;Piet Lormans.;Manuel Quintana-Díaz.;Anselmo Caricato.;Marco Antonio Cardoso Ferreira.;Rafael Badenes.;Pedro Kurtz.;Christian Baastrup Søndergaard.;Kirsten Colpaert.;Leticia Petterson.;Herve Quintard.;Raphael Cinotti.;Elisa Gouvêa Bogossian.;Cassia Righy.;Serena Silva.;Erik Roman-Pognuz.;Catherine Vandewaeter.;Daniel Lemke.;Olivier Huet.;Ata Mahmoodpoor.;Aaron Blandino Ortiz.;Mathieu van der Jagt.;Russell Chabanne.;Walter Videtta.;Pierre Bouzat.;Jean-Louis Vincent.; .
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷19期1623-1633页
Blood transfusions are commonly administered to patients with acute brain injury. The optimal hemoglobin transfusion threshold is uncertain in this patient population.
114. Extracorporeal Blood Purification and Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery: The SIRAKI02 Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Xosé Pérez-Fernández.;Arnau Ulsamer.;María Cámara-Rosell.;Fabrizio Sbraga.;Enric Boza-Hernández.;Enrique Moret-Ruíz.;Erika Plata-Menchaca.;Doménech Santiago-Bautista.;Patricia Boronat-García.;Víctor Gumucio-Sanguino.;Judith Peñafiel-Muñoz.;Mercedes Camacho-Pérez.;Antoni Betbesé-Roig.;Lui Forni.;Ana Campos-Gómez.;Joan Sabater-Riera.; .
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷17期1446-1454页
Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) remains a significant problem following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Various strategies are proposed to attenuate CSA-AKI, including extracorporeal blood purification (EBP), but little is known about the effect of EBP through an acrylonitrile-sodium methallylsulfonate/polyethyleneimine membrane during CPB.
115. Frequency of Screening and Spontaneous Breathing Trial Techniques: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Karen E A Burns.;Jessica Wong.;Leena Rizvi.;Myriam Lafreniere-Roula.;Kevin Thorpe.;John W Devlin.;Deborah J Cook.;Andrew Seely.;Peter M Dodek.;Maged Tanios.;Thomas Piraino.;Audrey Gouskos.;Kenneth C Kiedrowski.;Phyllis Kay.;Susan Mitchell.;George W Merner.;Michael Mayette.;Frederick D'Aragon.;Francois Lamontagne.;Bram Rochwerg.;Alexis Turgeon.;Ying Tung Sia.;Emmanuel Charbonney.;Pierre Aslanian.;Gerard J Criner.;Robert C Hyzy.;Jeremy R Beitler.;Elias Baedorf Kassis.;Demetrios James Kutsogiannis.;Maureen O Meade.;Janice Liebler.;Santhi Iyer-Kumar.;Jennifer Tsang.;Robert Cirone.;Carl Shanholtz.;Nicholas S Hill.; .
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷21期1808-1821页
The optimal screening frequency and spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) technique to liberate adults from ventilators are unknown.
116. Assessment of Antitachycardia Pacing in Primary Prevention Patients: The APPRAISE ATP Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Claudio Schuger.;Boyoung Joung.;Kenji Ando.;Lluís Mont.;Pier D Lambiase.;Gilles E O'Hara.;John M Jennings.;Derek Yung.;Giuseppe Boriani.;Jonathan P Piccini.;Nicholas Wold.;Kenneth M Stein.;James P Daubert.; .
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷20期1723-1731页
The emergence of novel programming guidelines that reduce premature and inappropriate therapies along with the availability of new implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) technologies lacking traditional endocardial antitachycardia pacing (ATP) capabilities requires the reevaluation of ATP as a first strategy in terminating fast ventricular tachycardias (VTs) in primary prevention ICD recipients.
117. Screening for Helicobacter pylori to Prevent Gastric Cancer: A Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Yi-Chia Lee.;Tsung-Hsien Chiang.;Han-Mo Chiu.;Wei-Wen Su.;Kun-Ching Chou.;Sam Li-Sheng Chen.;Amy Ming-Fang Yen.;Jean Ching-Yuan Fann.;Sherry Yueh-Hsia Chiu.;Shu-Lin Chuang.;Yi-Ru Chen.;Shih-Dian Chen.;Tsung-Hui Hu.;Yi-Jen Fang.;Ming-Shiang Wu.;Tony Hsiu-Hsi Chen.;Yen-Po Yeh.; .
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷19期1642-1651页
Effects of screening for Helicobacter pylori on gastric cancer incidence and mortality are unknown.
118. Fever Prevention in Patients With Acute Vascular Brain Injury: The INTREPID Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: David M Greer.;Raimund Helbok.;Neeraj Badjatia.;Sang-Bae Ko.;Mary McKenna Guanci.;Kevin N Sheth.; .
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷18期1525-1534页
Fever is associated with worse outcomes in patients with stroke, but whether preventing fever improves outcomes is unclear.
119. Effect of High-Intensity vs Low-Intensity Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation on the Need for Endotracheal Intubation in Patients With an Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The HAPPEN Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Zujin Luo.;Yichong Li.;Wenjun Li.;Ying Li.;Qingrong Nie.;Yu Shi.;Juan Wang.;Qiuling Ji.;Xuefeng Han.;Sijie Liu.;Dongmei Li.;ShaSha Wang.;Zhijun Li.;Dong Jia.;Huiqing Ge.;Peifeng Xu.;Zhijun Feng.;Fengjie Li.;Fucheng An.;Na Tai.;Lili Yue.;Hongwei Xie.;Xiuhong Jin.;Hongru Liu.;Qiang Dang.;Yongxiang Zhang.;Li Sun.;Jinxiang Wang.;He Huang.;Liang Chen.;Yingmin Ma.;Zhixin Cao.;Chen Wang.; .
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷20期1709-1722页
The effect of high-intensity noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) on the need for endotracheal intubation in patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown.
120. Tenecteplase vs Alteplase for Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: The ORIGINAL Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Xia Meng.;Shuya Li.;Hongguo Dai.;Guozhi Lu.;Weiwei Wang.;Fengyuan Che.;Yu Geng.;Minghui Sun.;Xiyan Li.;Hao Li.;Yongjun Wang.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷17期1437-1445页
Tenecteplase is a bioengineered variant of alteplase with greater fibrin specificity and a longer half-life, allowing single-bolus administration. Evidence on the treatment effect of tenecteplase 0.25 mg/kg in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is limited.
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