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101. Metformin Plus Insulin for Preexisting Diabetes or Gestational Diabetes in Early Pregnancy: The MOMPOD Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Kim A Boggess.;Arielle Valint.;Jerrie S Refuerzo.;Noelia Zork.;Ashley N Battarbee.;Kacey Eichelberger.;Gladys A Ramos.;Gayle Olson.;Celeste Durnwald.;Mark B Landon.;Kjersti M Aagaard.;Kedra Wallace.;Christina Scifres.;Todd Rosen.;Wadia Mulla.;Amy Valent.;Sherri Longo.;Laura Young.;M Alison Marquis.;Sonia Thomas.;Ashley Britt.;Diane Berry.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷22期2182-2190页
Insulin is recommended for pregnant persons with preexisting type 2 diabetes or diabetes diagnosed early in pregnancy. The addition of metformin to insulin may improve neonatal outcomes.
102. Continued Treatment With Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults With Obesity: The SURMOUNT-4 Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Louis J Aronne.;Naveed Sattar.;Deborah B Horn.;Harold E Bays.;Sean Wharton.;Wen-Yuan Lin.;Nadia N Ahmad.;Shuyu Zhang.;Ran Liao.;Mathijs C Bunck.;Irina Jouravskaya.;Madhumita A Murphy.; .
来源: JAMA. 2024年331卷1期38-48页
The effect of continued treatment with tirzepatide on maintaining initial weight reduction is unknown.
103. Sintilimab Plus Chemotherapy for Unresectable Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: The ORIENT-16 Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Jianming Xu.;Haiping Jiang.;Yueyin Pan.;Kangsheng Gu.;Shundong Cang.;Lei Han.;Yongqian Shu.;Jiayi Li.;Junhui Zhao.;Hongming Pan.;Suxia Luo.;Yanru Qin.;Qunyi Guo.;Yuxian Bai.;Yang Ling.;Jianwei Yang.;Zhilong Yan.;Lei Yang.;Yong Tang.;Yifu He.;Liangming Zhang.;Xinjun Liang.;Zuoxing Niu.;Jingdong Zhang.;Yong Mao.;Yingmei Guo.;Bo Peng.;Ziran Li.;Ying Liu.;Yan Wang.;Hui Zhou.; .
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷21期2064-2074页
Gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers are diagnosed in more than 1 million people worldwide annually, and few effective treatments are available. Sintilimab, a recombinant human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that binds to programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), in combination with chemotherapy, has demonstrated promising efficacy.
104. Neonatal Survival After Serial Amnioinfusions for Bilateral Renal Agenesis: The Renal Anhydramnios Fetal Therapy Trial.
作者: Jena L Miller.;Ahmet A Baschat.;Mara Rosner.;Yair J Blumenfeld.;Julie S Moldenhauer.;Anthony Johnson.;Mauro H Schenone.;Michael V Zaretsky.;Ramen H Chmait.;Juan M Gonzalez.;Russell S Miller.;Anita J Moon-Grady.;Ellen Bendel-Stenzel.;Amaris M Keiser.;Radhika Avadhani.;Angie C Jelin.;Jonathan M Davis.;Daniel S Warren.;Daniel F Hanley.;Joslynn A Watkins.;Joshua Samuels.;Jeremy Sugarman.;Meredith A Atkinson.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷21期2096-2105页
Early anhydramnios during pregnancy, resulting from fetal bilateral renal agenesis, causes lethal pulmonary hypoplasia in neonates. Restoring amniotic fluid via serial amnioinfusions may promote lung development, enabling survival.
105. Adenotonsillectomy for Snoring and Mild Sleep Apnea in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Susan Redline.;Kaitlyn Cook.;Ronald D Chervin.;Stacey Ishman.;Cristina M Baldassari.;Ron B Mitchell.;Ignacio E Tapia.;Raouf Amin.;Fauziya Hassan.;Sally Ibrahim.;Kristie Ross.;Lisa M Elden.;Erin M Kirkham.;David Zopf.;Jay Shah.;Todd Otteson.;Kamal Naqvi.;Judith Owens.;Lisa Young.;Susan Furth.;Heidi Connolly.;Caron A C Clark.;Jessie P Bakker.;Susan Garetz.;Jerilynn Radcliffe.;H Gerry Taylor.;Carol L Rosen.;Rui Wang.; .
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷21期2084-2095页
The utility of adenotonsillectomy in children who have habitual snoring without frequent obstructive breathing events (mild sleep-disordered breathing [SDB]) is unknown.
106. Toripalimab Plus Chemotherapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: The JUPITER-02 Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Hai-Qiang Mai.;Qiu-Yan Chen.;Dongping Chen.;Chaosu Hu.;Kunyu Yang.;Jiyu Wen.;Jingao Li.;Yingrui Shi.;Feng Jin.;Ruilian Xu.;Jianji Pan.;Shenhong Qu.;Ping Li.;Chunhong Hu.;Yi-Chun Liu.;Yi Jiang.;Xia He.;Hung-Ming Wang.;Wan-Teck Lim.;Wangjun Liao.;Xiaohui He.;Xiaozhong Chen.;Siyang Wang.;Xianglin Yuan.;Qi Li.;Xiaoyan Lin.;Shanghua Jing.;Yanju Chen.;Yin Lu.;Ching-Yun Hsieh.;Muh-Hwa Yang.;Chia-Jui Yen.;Jens Samol.;Xianming Luo.;Xiaojun Wang.;Xiongwen Tang.;Hui Feng.;Sheng Yao.;Patricia Keegan.;Rui-Hua Xu.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷20期1961-1970页
There are currently no therapies approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Gemcitabine-cisplatin is the current standard of care for the first-line treatment of recurrent or metastatic NPC (RM-NPC).
107. Strategies to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening With Mailed Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling Kits: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Rachel L Winer.;John Lin.;Melissa L Anderson.;Jasmin A Tiro.;Beverly B Green.;Hongyuan Gao.;Richard T Meenan.;Kristina Hansen.;Angela Sparks.;Diana S M Buist.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷20期1971-1981页
Optimal strategies for increasing cervical cancer screening may differ by patient screening history and health care setting. Mailing human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling kits to individuals who are overdue for screening increases adherence; however, offering self-sampling kits to screening-adherent individuals has not been evaluated in the US.
109. Lepodisiran, an Extended-Duration Short Interfering RNA Targeting Lipoprotein(a): A Randomized Dose-Ascending Clinical Trial.
作者: Steven E Nissen.;Helle Linnebjerg.;Xi Shen.;Kathy Wolski.;Xiaosu Ma.;Shufen Lim.;Laura F Michael.;Giacomo Ruotolo.;Grace Gribble.;Ann Marie Navar.;Stephen J Nicholls.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷21期2075-2083页
Epidemiological and genetic data have implicated lipoprotein(a) as a potentially modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic disease and aortic stenosis, but there are no approved pharmacological treatments.
110. Long-Term Blood Pressure Control After Hypertensive Pregnancy Following Physician-Optimized Self-Management: The POP-HT Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Jamie Kitt.;Rachael Fox.;Annabelle Frost.;Milensu Shanyinde.;Katherine Tucker.;Paul A Bateman.;Katie Suriano.;Yvonne Kenworthy.;Annabelle McCourt.;William Woodward.;Winok Lapidaire.;Miriam Lacharie.;Mauro Santos.;Cristian Roman.;Lucy Mackillop.;Christian Delles.;Basky Thilaganathan.;Lucy C Chappell.;Adam J Lewandowski.;Richard J McManus.;Paul Leeson.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷20期1991-1999页
Pregnancy hypertension results in adverse cardiac remodeling and higher incidence of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases in later life.
111. Effect of Dietary Sodium on Blood Pressure: A Crossover Trial.
作者: Deepak K Gupta.;Cora E Lewis.;Krista A Varady.;Yan Ru Su.;Meena S Madhur.;Daniel T Lackland.;Jared P Reis.;Thomas J Wang.;Donald M Lloyd-Jones.;Norrina B Allen.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷23期2258-2266页
Dietary sodium recommendations are debated partly due to variable blood pressure (BP) response to sodium intake. Furthermore, the BP effect of dietary sodium among individuals taking antihypertensive medications is understudied.
112. Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound (Tongxinluo) and Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: The CTS-AMI Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Yuejin Yang.;Xiangdong Li.;Guihao Chen.;Ying Xian.;Haitao Zhang.;Yuan Wu.;Yanmin Yang.;Jianhua Wu.;Chuntong Wang.;Shenghu He.;Zhong Wang.;Yixin Wang.;Zhifang Wang.;Hui Liu.;Xiping Wang.;Minzhou Zhang.;Jun Zhang.;Jia Li.;Tao An.;Hao Guan.;Lin Li.;Meixia Shang.;Chen Yao.;Yaling Han.;Boli Zhang.;Runlin Gao.;Eric D Peterson.; .
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷16期1534-1545页
Tongxinluo, a traditional Chinese medicine compound, has shown promise in in vitro, animal, and small human studies for myocardial infarction, but has not been rigorously evaluated in large randomized clinical trials.
113. Multitarget Stool RNA Test for Colorectal Cancer Screening.
作者: Erica K Barnell.;Elizabeth M Wurtzler.;Julie La Rocca.;Thomas Fitzgerald.;Jessica Petrone.;Yansheng Hao.;Yiming Kang.;Faith L Holmes.;David A Lieberman.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷18期1760-1768页
Noninvasive tests for colorectal cancer screening must include sensitive detection of colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions. These tests must be validated for the intended-use population, which includes average-risk individuals 45 years or older.
114. Effects of the Million Hearts Model on Myocardial Infarctions, Strokes, and Medicare Spending: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Laura Blue.;Keith Kranker.;Amanda R Markovitz.;Rhea E Powell.;Malcolm V Williams.;Jia Pu.;David J Magid.;Nancy McCall.;Allison Steiner.;Kate A Stewart.;Julia M Rollison.;Patricia Markovich.;G Greg Peterson.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷15期1437-1447页
The Million Hearts Model paid health care organizations to assess and reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Model effects on long-term outcomes are unknown.
115. Small-Volume Blood Collection Tubes to Reduce Transfusions in Intensive Care: The STRATUS Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Deborah M Siegal.;Emilie P Belley-Côté.;Shun Fu Lee.;Stephen Hill.;Frédérick D'Aragon.;Ryan Zarychanski.;Bram Rochwerg.;Michaël Chassé.;Alexandra Binnie.;Kimia Honarmand.;François Lauzier.;Ian Ball.;Waleed Al-Hazzani.;Patrick Archambault.;Erick Duan.;Kosar Khwaja.;François Lellouche.;Paul Lysecki.;François Marquis.;Jean-François Naud.;Jason Shahin.;Jennifer Shea.;Jennifer L Y Tsang.;Han Ting Wang.;Mark Crowther.;Donald M Arnold.;Emily Di Sante.;Gladys Marfo.;Tanya Kovalova.;Sylvanus Fonguh.;Jessica Vincent.;Stuart J Connolly.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷19期1872-1881页
Blood collection for laboratory testing in intensive care unit (ICU) patients is a modifiable contributor to anemia and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Most blood withdrawn is not required for analysis and is discarded.
116. Nasal Iodophor Antiseptic vs Nasal Mupirocin Antibiotic in the Setting of Chlorhexidine Bathing to Prevent Infections in Adult ICUs: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Susan S Huang.;Edward J Septimus.;Ken Kleinman.;Lauren T Heim.;Julia A Moody.;Taliser R Avery.;Laura McLean.;Syma Rashid.;Katherine Haffenreffer.;Lauren Shimelman.;Whitney Staub-Juergens.;Caren Spencer-Smith.;Selsebil Sljivo.;Ed Rosen.;Russell E Poland.;Micaela H Coady.;Chi Hyun Lee.;Eunice J Blanchard.;Kimberly Reddish.;Mary K Hayden.;Robert A Weinstein.;Brandon Carver.;Kimberly Smith.;Jason Hickok.;Karen Lolans.;Nadia Khan.;S Gwynn Sturdevant.;Sujan C Reddy.;John A Jernigan.;Kenneth E Sands.;Jonathan B Perlin.;Richard Platt.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷14期1337-1347页
Universal nasal mupirocin plus chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) bathing in intensive care units (ICUs) prevents methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections and all-cause bloodstream infections. Antibiotic resistance to mupirocin has raised questions about whether an antiseptic could be advantageous for ICU decolonization.
117. A Multilevel Primary Care Intervention to Improve Follow-Up of Overdue Abnormal Cancer Screening Test Results: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Steven J Atlas.;Anna N A Tosteson.;Adam Wright.;E John Orav.;Timothy E Burdick.;Wenyan Zhao.;Shoshana J Hort.;Amy J Wint.;Rebecca E Smith.;Frank Y Chang.;David G Aman.;Mathan Thillaiyapillai.;Courtney J Diamond.;Li Zhou.;Jennifer S Haas.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷14期1348-1358页
Realizing the benefits of cancer screening requires testing of eligible individuals and processes to ensure follow-up of abnormal results.
118. Remote Ischemic Conditioning for Acute Stroke: The RESIST Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Rolf Ankerlund Blauenfeldt.;Niels Hjort.;Jan Brink Valentin.;Anne-Mette Homburg.;Boris Modrau.;Birgitte Forsom Sandal.;Martin Faurholdt Gude.;Kristina Dupont Hougaard.;Dorte Damgaard.;Marika Poulsen.;Tove Diedrichsen.;Marie Louise Schmitz.;Paul von Weitzel-Mudersbach.;Alex Alban Christensen.;Krystian Figlewski.;Erik Lerkevang Grove.;Margrét Katrín Hreiðarsdóttir.;Henning Morthorst Lassesen.;Daniel Wittrock.;Søren Mikkelsen.;Ulla Væggemose.;Palle Juelsgaard.;Hans Kirkegaard.;Martin Rostgaard-Knudsen.;Niels Degn.;Sigrid Breinholt Vestergaard.;Andreas Gammelgaard Damsbo.;Ane Bull Iversen.;Janne Kærgård Mortensen.;Jesper Petersson.;Thomas Christensen.;Anne Brink Behrndtz.;Hans Erik Bøtker.;David Gaist.;Marc Fisher.;David Charles Hess.;Søren Paaske Johnsen.;Claus Ziegler Simonsen.;Grethe Andersen.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷13期1236-1246页
Despite some promising preclinical and clinical data, it remains uncertain whether remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) with transient cycles of limb ischemia and reperfusion is an effective treatment for acute stroke.
119. Reducing Unnecessary Oophorectomies for Benign Ovarian Neoplasms in Pediatric Patients.
作者: Peter C Minneci.;Katherine C Bergus.;Carley Lutz.;Jennifer Aldrink.;Christina Bence.;Lesley Breech.;Patrick A Dillon.;Cynthia Downard.;Peter F Ehrlich.;Mary Fallat.;Jason D Fraser.;Julia Grabowski.;Michael Helmrath.;Paige Hertweck.;Geri Hewitt.;Ronald B Hirschl.;Rashmi Kabre.;Dave R Lal.;Matthew Landman.;Charles Leys.;Grace Mak.;Troy Markel.;Joseph Pressey.;Manish Raiji.;Beth Rymeski.;Jacqueline Saito.;Thomas T Sato.;Shawn D St Peter.;Jennifer Cooper.;Katherine Deans.; .
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷13期1247-1254页
Although most ovarian masses in children and adolescents are benign, many are managed with oophorectomy, which may be unnecessary and can have lifelong negative effects on health.
120. Tirzepatide vs Insulin Lispro Added to Basal Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes: The SURPASS-6 Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Julio Rosenstock.;Juan P Frías.;Helena W Rodbard.;Santiago Tofé.;Emmalee Sears.;Ruth Huh.;Laura Fernández Landó.;Hiren Patel.
来源: JAMA. 2023年330卷17期1631-1640页
Tirzepatide is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Efficacy and safety of adding tirzepatide vs prandial insulin to treatment in patients with inadequate glycemic control with basal insulin have not been described.
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