By using the GRADE system, we updated the guidelines for management of follicular cell lymphoma issued in 2006 from SIE, SIES, and GITMO group. We confirmed our recommendation to frontline chemoimmunotherapy in patients with Stage III-IV disease and/or high tumor burden. Maintenance rituximab was also recommended in responding patients. In patients relapsing after an interval longer than 12 months from frontline therapy, we recommended chemoimmunotherapy with non cross-resistant regimens followed by rituximab maintenance. High dose chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplant was recommended for young fit patients who achieve a response after salvage chemoimmunotherapy.

The French Society of Otorhinolaryngology (SFORL) set up a work group to draw up guidelines for initial staging of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Locoregional and remote extension assessment are dealt with in two separate reports. The present part 3 deals with the assessment of frequent associated symptoms and pathologies, requiring early treatment and the collection of data on a certain number of clinical and paraclinical parameters for therapeutic decision-making in the multidisciplinary team meeting.

Neuroendocrine tumors account for approximately 20% of lung cancers; most (≈15%) are small cell lung cancer (SCLC). These NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for SCLC focus on extensive-stage SCLC because it occurs more frequently than limited-stage disease. SCLC is highly sensitive to initial therapy; however, most patients eventually die of recurrent disease. In patients with extensive-stage disease, chemotherapy alone can palliate symptoms and prolong survival in most patients; however, long-term survival is rare. Most cases of SCLC are attributable to cigarette smoking; therefore, smoking cessation should be strongly promoted.

Hepatic resection offers a chance of a cure in selected patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM). To achieve adequate patient selection and curative surgery, (i) precise assessment of the extent of disease, (ii) sensitive criteria for chemotherapy effect, (iii) adequate decision making in surgical indication and (iv) an optimal surgical approach for pre-treated tumours are required. For assessment of the extent of the disease, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) is recommended depending on the local expertise and availability. Positron emission tomography (PET) and PET/CT may offer additive information in detecting extrahepatic disease. The RECIST criteria are a reasonable method to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy. However, they are imperfect in predicting a pathological response in the era of modern systemic therapy with biological agents. The assessment of radiographical morphological changes is a better surrogate of the pathological response and survival especially in the patients treated with bevacizumab. Resectability of CLM is dependent on both anatomic and oncological factors. To decrease the surgical risk, a sufficient volume of liver remnant with adequate blood perfusion and biliary drainage is required according to the degree of histopathological injury of the underlying liver. Portal vein embolization is sometimes required to decrease the surgical risk in a patient with small future liver remnant volume. As a complete radiological response does not signify a complete pathological response, liver resection should include all the site of a tumour detected prior to systemic treatment.

Fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) and PET/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) is regarded as a standard of care in the management of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and is a useful adjunct in the characterization of indeterminate solitary lung nodules (SLN), and pre-treatment staging of NSCLC, notably mediastinal nodal staging and detection of remote metastases. FDG-PET/CT has the ability to assess locoregional lymph node spread more precisely than CT, to detect metastatic lesions that would have been missed on conventional imaging or are located in difficult areas, and to help in the differentiation of lesions that are equivocal after conventional imaging. Increasingly FDG-PET/CT is employed in radiotherapy planning, prediction of prognosis in terms of tumor response to neo-adjuvant, radiation and chemotherapy treatment. Evidence is accumulating of usefulness of PET/CT in small cell lung cancer.

Lung carcinoma is subdivided into small cell carcinoma and non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC). NSCLC is heterogeneous group of carcinomas and accounts for 70-80% of lung cancer. NSCLC is further divided into adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Activating somatic mutations of the tyrosine kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have recently been characterized in a subset of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These mutations involve exons 18, 19, 20 and 21. Patients harboring these mutations in their tumors show good response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). The aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of EGFR mutations in NSCLC as well as to briefly discuss sample requirements and testing guidelines for EGFR mutation.

Lung cancer is among the most common type of cancers and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths with smoking representing the leading risk factor. It is classified into non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) representing 70-80% of cases and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) which has neuroendocrine properties with poor outcome. Staging of NSCLC is based on the TNM classification system while SCLC was usually classified into limited and extensive disease, though the use of TNM staging system for SCLC is recommended. Imaging studies are used to determine the pre-operative staging of lung cancer. Accurate radiological staging is essential to determine tumor resectability as well as to avoid futile surgeries and to assess patient's outcome. Moreover, radiological examinations are used for the evaluation of tumor response to treatment. This manuscript will review the utilization of imaging studies in the management of lung cancer based on the most recent guidelines by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN).

This report presents the French Society of ORL (SFORL) guidelines for exploration for remote metastasis and synchronous second cancer in initial staging of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

To provide a guideline for managing abnormal cytology results after screening for cervical cancer, to clarify the appropriate algorithms for follow-up after treatment, and to promote the best possible care for women while ensuring efficient use of available resources.

The terminology for human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated squamous lesions of the lower anogenital tract has a long history marked by disparate diagnostic terms derived from multiple specialties. It often does not reflect current knowledge of HPV biology and pathogenesis. A consensus process was convened to recommend terminology unified across lower anogenital sites. The goal was to create a histopathologic nomenclature system that reflects current knowledge of HPV biology, optimally uses available biomarkers, and facilitates clear communication across different medical specialties. The Lower Anogenital Squamous Terminology (LAST) project was co-sponsored by the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) and included 5 working groups; three work groups performed comprehensive literature reviews and developed draft recommendations. Another work group provided the historical background and the fifth will continue to foster implementation of the LAST recommendations. After an open comment period, the draft recommendations were presented at a consensus conference attended by LAST work group members, advisors and representatives from 35 stakeholder organizations including professional societies and government agencies. Recommendations were finalized and voted upon at the consensus meeting. The final approved recommendations standardize biologically-relevant histopathologic terminology for HPV-associated squamous intraepithelial lesions and superficially invasive squamous carcinomas across all lower anogenital tract sites and detail appropriate use of specific biomarkers to clarify histologic interpretations and enhance diagnostic accuracy. A plan for disseminating and monitoring recommendation implementation in the practicing community was also developed. The implemented recommendations will facilitate communication between pathologists and their clinical colleagues and improve accuracy of histologic diagnosis with the ultimate goal of providing optimal patient care.

The authors present the French Society of Otorhinolaryngology (SFORL) guidelines for histopathologic assessment of head and neck cancer.