To examine the interaction between dapsone and trimethoprim in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

To assess the efficacy and safety of treatment with endoscopic multipolar electrocoagulation in patients who have ulcers with nonbleeding visible vessels.

To determine if calcitriol is an effective treatment in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

To determine the safety and efficacy of dideoxycytidine in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or advanced AIDS-related complex.

To determine the efficacy and safety of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) in predialysis renal patients.

To evaluate the impact of a geriatric consultation team on the functional status of hospitalized elderly patients.

To assess the efficacy and toxicity of cyclosporin A in patients with severe, treatment-refractory rheumatoid arthritis.

To determine whether beta-adrenergic blocking agents affect exercise tolerance, exercise conditioning response, and blood pressure response to conditioning in hypertensive patients.

To ascertain the efficacy and toxicity of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine when either is given alone during the entire treatment period for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

To assess long-term differences in mortality associated with initial Hodgkin disease therapy.

To determine the efficacy of a short course of prednisone followed by recombinant interferon treatment in patients with chronic type B hepatitis.

To compare the efficacy of gemfibrozil and colestipol with gemfibrozil and lovastatin in patients with familial combined hyperlipidemia.

To determine the efficacy and toxicity of intralesionally administered interferons in the treatment of condyloma acuminatum.

To determine whether gallium nitrate therapy is superior to maximally approved doses of calcitonin for acute control of cancer-related hypercalcemia.

To determine the effect of variations in blood ionized calcium (Ca2+) on myocardial contractility independent of changes in loading conditions and other biochemical variables.

We evaluated the development of anemia as part of a trial of zidovudine therapy in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with Kaposi sarcoma. Patients were randomized to one of three treatment groups or a placebo group. Transfusion-requiring anemia (hemoglobin less than 100 g/L) developed in 6 of 15 patients on zidovudine therapy at a mean of 6 weeks after starting treatment. A fall in the reticulocyte count was the earliest peripheral blood indicator of toxicity. Mean corpuscular volume increased markedly in patients on zidovudine therapy not developing anemia yet remained stable or only slightly increased in those who became anemic. Bone marrow examination showed pure red cell aplasia in 2 patients, erythroid maturation arrest in 1, and erythroid hypoplasia in 3. Megaloblastic erythropoiesis was present in 2 of the 6 anemic patients. Erythropoietin levels measured at the time of first transfusion were increased. Thus, the anemia associated with zidovudine therapy is due to red cell hypoplasia or aplasia.

To compare single-dose and 10-day treatment regimens of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in women with acute dysuria, urgency, or urinary frequency.

To compare the relative efficacy, risks, and benefits of insulin with glyburide in achieving normoglycemia in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Twenty-five patients with active left-sided ulcerative colitis were randomly assigned to receive either 2 g of 4-aminosalicylic acid (para-aminosalicylic acid) or placebo in a 60-mL volume as a nightly retention enema. The duration of treatment was 8 weeks. Disease activity was assessed by grading clinical symptoms of blood, mucus, urgency, sigmoidoscopic findings, and degree of histologic inflammation in rectal biopsies. At 8 weeks, 10 of 12 patients (83%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 55% to 97%) who received 4-aminosalicylic acid showed improvement in clinical, sigmoidoscopic, and histologic variables. In contrast, only 2 of 13 patients (15%, 95% CI, 4% to 38%) who had received placebo showed clinical improvement (P less than 0.005). The 11 patients in the placebo group who showed no improvement were treated subsequently with open-label 4-aminosalicylic acid enemas. Of the 11, 9 showed clinical, sigmoidoscopic, and histologic improvement. No adverse effects were seen. 4-Aminosalicylic acid enemas are a safe and effective means of treating left-sided ulcerative colitis.