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81. Syphilis: A Review.
Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum, a gram-negative, spirochete bacterium. Worldwide, an estimated 8 million adults aged 18 to 49 years acquired syphilis in 2022. From 2019 to 2023, US syphilis cases increased by 61% overall, with diagnoses among females increasing by 112% and congenital syphilis cases increasing by 106%.
84. AI, Health, and Health Care Today and Tomorrow: The JAMA Summit Report on Artificial Intelligence.
作者: Derek C Angus.;Rohan Khera.;Tracy Lieu.;Vincent Liu.;Faraz S Ahmad.;Brian Anderson.;Sivasubramanium V Bhavani.;Andrew Bindman.;Troyen Brennan.;Leo Anthony Celi.;Frederick Chen.;I Glenn Cohen.;Alastair Denniston.;Sanjay Desai.;Peter Embí.;Aldo Faisal.;Kadija Ferryman.;Jackie Gerhart.;Marielle Gross.;Tina Hernandez-Boussard.;Michael Howell.;Kevin Johnson.;Kristine Lee.;Xiaoxuan Liu.;Kimberly Lomis.;Alex John London.;Christopher A Longhurst.;Kenneth D Mandl.;Elizabeth McGlynn.;Michelle M Mello.;Fatima Munoz.;Lucila Ohno-Machado.;David Ouyang.;Roy Perlis.;Adam Phillips.;David Rhew.;Joseph S Ross.;Suchi Saria.;Lee Schwamm.;Christopher W Seymour.;Nigam H Shah.;Rashmee Shah.;Karandeep Singh.;Matthew Solomon.;Kathryn Spates.;Kayte Spector-Bagdady.;Tommy Wang.;Judy Wawira Gichoya.;James Weinstein.;Jenna Wiens.;Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷18期1650-1664页
Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing health and health care on an unprecedented scale. Though the potential benefits are massive, so are the risks. The JAMA Summit on AI discussed how health and health care AI should be developed, evaluated, regulated, disseminated, and monitored.
85. Social Media Use Trajectories and Cognitive Performance in Adolescents.
作者: Jason M Nagata.;Jennifer H Wong.;Kristen E Kim.;Racquel A Richardson.;Sahana Nayak.;Char Potes.;Andreas M Rauschecker.;Aaron Scheffler.;Leo P Sugrue.;Fiona C Baker.;Alexander Testa.
来源: JAMA. 2025年 86. Individualized Perioperative Blood Pressure Management in Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery: The IMPROVE-multi Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Bernd Saugel.;Agnes S Meidert.;Frank M Brunkhorst.;Robert Bischoff.;Joseph Esser.;Minca Mattis.;Pauline Naue.;Katharina Vogel.;Alina Bergholz.;Moritz Flick.;Alina Kröker.;Dominik X Müller.;Kristen K Thomsen.;Christina Vokuhl.;Mirja Wegge.;Sebastian Bratke.;Martin Graeßner.;Bettina Jungwirth.;Sebastian Schmid.;Carla D Grundmann.;Jan M Wischermann.;Patrick Kellner.;Moritz Steinhaus.;Linda Grüßer.;Sina M Coldewey.;Kai Zacharowski.;Patrick Meybohm.;Marit Habicher.;Alexander Zarbock.;Amelie Zitzmann.;Svenja Letz.;Claudia Neumann.;Jan Larmann.;Thomas Renné.;Linda Krause.;Eik Vettorazzi.;Antonia Zapf.;Annemarie Carlstedt.;Daniel I Sessler.;Karim Kouz.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年
Intraoperative hypotension is associated with organ injury. However, it remains unknown if targeted blood pressure management during surgery can improve clinical outcomes.
87. Proactive vs Reactive Treatment of Hypotension During Surgery: The PRETREAT Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Matthijs Kant.;Wilton A van Klei.;Markus W Hollmann.;Eline S de Klerk.;Luuk C Otterspoor.;Marc G Besselink.;Teus H Kappen.;Denise P Veelo.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年
Intraoperative hypotension is associated with adverse postoperative outcomes, but whether a proactive strategy to prevent intraoperative hypotension improves outcomes is uncertain.
92. Long-Term Continuous Monitoring of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.
作者: Florian E M Herrmann.;Anders Jeppsson.;Hristo Kirov.;Efstratios I Charitos.;Dana Dacian.;Jürgen Brömsen.;Steffen Massberg.;Sebastian Sadoni.;Torsten Doenst.;Gerd Juchem.;Christian Hagl.
来源: JAMA. 2025年
The incidence and burden of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are not known. Nevertheless, North American guidelines state that it is reasonable to administer 60 days of oral anticoagulation to patients with new-onset AF after CABG, a moderate-strength recommendation (class 2a) based on evidence derived from nonrandomized clinical studies.
93. Respiratory Gas Shifts to Delay Asphyxiation in Critical Avalanche Burial: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Frederik Eisendle.;Giulia Roveri.;Simon Rauch.;Øyvind Thomassen.;Tomas Dal Cappello.;Jörg Assmus.;Sandro Malacrida.;Tobias Kammerer.;Jürg Schweizer.;Nicola Borasio.;Viviane Dörck.;Markus Falk.;Marika Falla.;Nicola Fruzzetti.;Matilde Maxenti.;Sigurd Mydske.;Gian Mauro Sasso.;Giovanni Vinetti.;Bernd Wallner.;Guttorm Brattebø.;Hermann Brugger.;Giacomo Strapazzon.
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷19期1720-7页
People who are critically buried by an avalanche typically die of asphyxia within 35 minutes, often making timely rescue impossible. The development of new strategies to delay asphyxiation is crucial to improve survival rates.
99. Inhaler-Related Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the US: A Serial Cross-Sectional Analysis.
作者: William B Feldman.;Jihye Han.;Adam J N Raymakers.;Gregg L Furie.;Brian B Chesebro.
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷18期1638-1649页
Inhalers are the primary treatment modality for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Metered-dose inhalers contain hydrofluoroalkane propellants that contribute to substantial greenhouse gas emissions. The US federal government is facilitating a phasedown of hydrofluorocarbons over the next decade under international treaty obligations, yet current understanding of the scope and trajectory of inhaler-related emissions in the US remains incomplete.
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