Small bowel bleeding poses a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians, and capsule endoscopy is currently considered the investigation of choice for evaluating suspected cases. However, evidence regarding the role of second-look endoscopy before capsule endoscopy is limited. This study aimed to evaluate capsule endoscopy findings after a negative second-look endoscopy in patients with suspected small bowel bleeding at a tertiary care center in Sri Lanka.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) constitutes a global public health challenge, afflicting individuals across nearly all age groups over the long term. However, few systematic investigations have assessed the associated disease burden from a socioeconomic perspective.​ METHODS: GERD data were extracted from the GBD 2021 database, encompassing data from the global level, 5 sociodemographic index (SDI) groups, and 24 GBD regions for the period of 1990-2021. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to characterize temporal trends. Health inequality analysis, decomposition analysis and frontier analysis were employed to evaluate the disease burden.

This study aims to explore ChatGPT's ability to provide comprehensive information on AIH, its potential role in supporting the diagnostic and therapeutic processes for the disease and its broader implications for the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare.

The reference for risk stratification and clinical trial selection of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) patients is fibrosis degree by histology. The noninvasive ANTICIPATE-NASH models have been validated for risk prediction of clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) and liver-related events (LRE). We assessed whether these models provide better risk stratification of events than histology.

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related pancreatobiliary disease typically manifests as obstructive jaundice, complicating therapeutic choices. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the primary treatment with many challenges, including high recurrence rates and patient tolerance variability. Endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD) is used to alleviate obstruction, but its role during treatment in IgG4-related pancreatobiliary disease is still contested. There remains a paucity of research comparing the potential benefits of combination therapy with GCs and EBD versus GCs monotherapy.

Few studies have evaluated the impact of biologic therapy on endoscopic findings and stenoses of small intestinal lesions in Crohn's disease (CD). This study aimed to compare the endoscopic effectiveness and stenotic changes induced by anti-tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (anti-TNF) and ustekinumab (UST) in patients with CD, along with histological and molecular comparisons of stenosis between the groups.

This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) nursing protocols on patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy.

To delineate gestational age (GA)-dependent pathophysiology of necrotizing enterocolitis-associated intestinal perforation (NEC-IP) and establish precision management protocols.

Acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) represents a life-threatening medical emergency. This study investigates the prognostic utility of the Blood Urea Nitrogen-to-albumin ratio (BAR) in patients with GIB.

The endoscopic detection of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs) remains clinically challenging. Linked color imaging (LCI), which enhances color contrast, may improve the identification of tumorous lesions. This study aims to evaluate the endoscopic characteristics of GI-NETs using LCI in comparison with white light imaging (WLI).

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a leading cause of liver disease worldwide, with liver fibrosis being a key determinant of long-term prognosis. This narrative review provides a detailed examination of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of liver fibrosis associated with CHB. The review outlines the complex mechanisms driving fibrosis, including viral replication, immune response, and hepatic stellate cell activation, which collectively contribute to liver damage. It also evaluates current diagnostic techniques, such as non-invasive biomarkers, imaging modalities, and liver biopsy, emphasizing their clinical utility and accuracy in assessing the fibrosis stage. The management section covers antiviral therapies, their role in halting disease progression, and emerging antifibrotic agents to reverse fibrosis. Additionally, the review discusses the importance of early detection and tailored treatment strategies in improving patient outcomes. By synthesizing the latest evidence, this review provides insights into the evolving landscape of chronic hepatitis B-related liver fibrosis and highlights ongoing challenges in its diagnosis and management.

Telemedicine is increasingly used in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), improving access to specialized care. Assessing patient satisfaction is crucial to optimize telemedicine services. The Telemedicine Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQ) is widely adopted, but its cross-cultural validity requires evaluation. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Italian version of the TSQ (I-TSQ) for IBD care.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a widely utilized procedure for diagnosing and treating biliary and pancreatic disorders. However, it carries a risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) has been proposed as a potential prophylactic agent due to its antioxidant properties, yet its efficacy remains debated. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of NAC in preventing PEP in patients undergoing ERCP.

The diagnosis of autoimmune gastritis poses significant challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings where access to serological tests is restricted. This study aimed to evaluate the histological, endoscopic, and serological features of patients diagnosed with autoimmune gastritis in our population.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a critical technique for treating early-stage gastrointestinal tumors, requiring precise operational skills. Traditional training methods, however, face challenges such as high costs, ethical concerns, and sustainability issues. This study aims to design a novel training model based on dual-network composite hydrogel (DNH) (Jing, et al, Polymers 11:952,2019) to simulate the multilayered structure of gastric tissue, providing a more realistic and effective training environment.