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82. Antimicrobial Treatment of Mild Mycobacterium avium Complex Pulmonary Disease Predicted to Increase Survival and Quality-Adjusted Life Years: A Microsimulation Decision Analysis Model.
作者: Omri A Arbiv.;Gemma Postill.;Yunjoo Im.;Byung Woo Jhun.;Petros Pechlivanoglou.;Sarah K Brode.;Ahmed M Bayoumi.;Theodore K Marras.
来源: Chest. 2026年170卷1期66-75页
Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) can lead to chronic lung disease, which can necessitate intensive antimicrobial therapy. In patients with mild MAC-PD, uncertainty exists regarding whether guideline-based antimicrobial treatment should be used as compared with watchful waiting.
83. OSA and Acute Coronary Syndrome Severity: The Potential Role of Coronary Collateral Circulation.
作者: Krish Dodani.;Albina Aldomà.;Adriano Targa.;Manuel Sánchez-de-la-Torre.;Alicia Sánchez-de-la-Torre.;Lucía Pinilla.;Jorge Abad.;Olga Mínguez.;Lydia Pascual.;Dolores Martínez.;Rafaela Vaca.;Ivan Juez-Garcia.;Ferran Barbé.;Ivan D Benitez.
来源: Chest. 2026年170卷2期543-551页
Some evidence suggests that OSA may attenuate myocardial injury and reduce infarct severity during acute coronary syndromes (ACSs), potentially through stimulation of coronary collateral circulation (CCC). However, the relationship between OSA and collateral development, and their combined impact on ACS event severity, remains unclear.
84. Clinical Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation for People in Uganda With Post-TB Lung Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Winceslaus Katagira.;Mark W Orme.;Richard Kasiita.;Jesse A Matheson.;Matthew Richardson.;Andy Barton.;Jalia Nanyonga.;Michael C Steiner.;Bruce Kirenga.;Sally J Singh.
来源: Chest. 2026年170卷1期54-65页
Post-TB lung disease (PTLD) causes significant disability in survivors of TB. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) may offer effective disease management but lacks high-quality evidence in this underrepresented population.
85. Win Ratio Analysis to Clarify Clinical Benefits: A Post Hoc Analysis of Phase 3 BOREAS and NOTUS (Two Pivotal Studies to Assess the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Dupilumab in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe COPD With Type 2 Inflammation).
作者: Sanjay Ramakrishnan.;Nayia Petousi.;Jessica Bon.;Ian D Pavord.;Surya P Bhatt.;Klaus F Rabe.;Wenying Deng.;Changming Xia.;Jigna Heble.;Mena Soliman.;Simon Couillard.
来源: Chest. 2026年170卷1期76-87页
Clinical trials often assess multiple end points; however, many do not consider the value of composite end points. Although some evaluations of composite end points consider each outcome to be of equal importance, win ratio analysis ranks outcomes by clinical severity, prioritizing more serious events that have the biggest impact on patients.
86. Evaluating the Association Between Patient Priorities and ICU Care Delivery in Adults Receiving Mechanical Ventilation.
作者: Kara A Donovan.;Madison Polley.;Geralyn Palmer.;Bret M Hanlon.;Lily N Stalter.;Helen K Donnelly.;Richard G Wunderink.;Catherine A Gao.;Jacqueline M Kruser.; .
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷6期1551-1560页
Understanding how ICU treatments align with a patient's priorities is crucial to evaluating and improving critical care. Measuring this alignment is challenging, however, because patient priorities evolve over time and are not systematically documented in electronic health records (EHRs).
87. Association of High Cardiovascular Disease Risk OSA With Incident Atrial Fibrillation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
作者: Jing Xu.;Younghoon Kwon.;Neda Esmaeili.;Scott A Sands.;Mohammadreza Hajipour.;Daniel Vena.;Susan R Heckbert.;Elsayed Z Soliman.;Andrew Wellman.;Erin D Michos.;Daniel J Gottlieb.;Susan Redline.;Ali Azarbarzin.
来源: Chest. 2026年
OSA is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF), but this association varies by population and definitions of OSA and AF.
88. Demographic and Physiological Differences Between Fibrotic and Nonfibrotic CT Subtypes of Sarcoidosis.
作者: Ruchi Yadav.;Wren L Lippitt.;Kum Ju Chae.;Jared Rieck.;Nichole E Carlson.;Shu-Yi Liao.;Margaret M Mroz.;Briana Barkes.;Stephen M Humphries.;Andrea Oh.;Hye Jeon Hwang.;Katherine Parker.;Andrea I Fuentealba.;Thomas McLaren.;Cristina Marrocchio.;Tasha E Fingerlin.;Daniel A Culver.;David A Lynch.;Lisa A Maier.
来源: Chest. 2026年170卷1期137-148页
One approach to categorizing patients using chest CT imaging manifestations of pulmonary sarcoidosis is to use 3 classifications: fibrotic, nonfibrotic, or no parenchymal abnormality. This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between these imaging subtypes and demographic and physiological variables in a large group of patients with sarcoidosis with chest CT imaging.
89. The Impact of Weight Loss on the Physiological Endotypes Associated With OSA.
作者: Caroline J Beatty.;Ai-Ming Wong.;Shane A Landry.;Luke D J Thomson.;Jinny Collet.;Veronica Odeke.;Simon A Joosten.;Julie Playfair.;Atul Malhotra.;Kirk Kee.;Matthew T Naughton.;Kate Sutherland.;Peter A Cistulli.;Sanjay R Patel.;Wendy A Brown.;Garun S Hamilton.;Bradley A Edwards.
来源: Chest. 2026年170卷1期250-261页
Weight loss improves upper airway collapsibility in people with OSA. However, it is unclear how weight loss affects the other physiological traits (ie, endotypes) associated with OSA (loop gain, arousal threshold, and muscle compensation).
90. Three-Year Outcomes of Proximal Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation in OSA.
作者: Alan R Schwartz.;Ofer Jacobowitz.;Samuel A Mickelson.;Mitchell B Miller.;Arie Oliven.;Victor Certal.;Martin L Hopp.;David H Winslow.;Tod C Huntley.;Nathan E Nachlas.;Luu V Pham.;David W Eisele.;M Boyd Gillespie.;Brian H Weeks.;Eric G Lovett.;John Shen.;Atul Malhotra.;Joachim T Maurer.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷5期1357-1370页
Targeted proximal hypoglossal nerve stimulation was shown to improve sleep-disordered breathing, sleep architecture, and quality of life (QOL) with a favorable safety profile over 1 year in the Targeted Hypoglossal Stimulation 3 (THN3) randomized controlled trial. Herein, THN3 proximal hypoglossal nerve stimulation (pHGNS) 3-year safety and efficacy are profiled with reference to distal hypoglossal nerve stimulation (dHGNS) from the Stimulation Therapy for Apnea Reduction (STAR) trial.
91. Reducing Inhaler Waste and Costs Through Sustainable Interventions.
作者: Marianne Laguë.;Isabelle Giroux.;Alexandre Sanctuaire.;Julie Racicot.;Cassiopée Gagnon-Paradis.;François Maltais.;Andréanne Côté.;Krystelle Godbout.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷2期326-328页 92. Daily Physical Activity in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Insights From a Multicenter Longitudinal Trial Using Accelerometry.
作者: Jasleen Minhas.;Haochang Shou.;Nadine Al-Naamani.;Rui Feng.;Roham Zamanian.;Todd Bull.;Murali Chakinala.;Anna Hemnes.;Jude Moutchia.;Stephen C Mathai.;Susan Ellenberg.;Corey Ventetuolo.;Steven M Kawut.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷6期1660-1671页
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. Traditional assessments such as the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) may not adequately capture daily physical activity or patient experience in real-world settings.
93. Outcomes of Severe Mpox Admitted to ICUs at 2 Large New York City Health Systems, 2022-2024.
作者: Anthony J Lo Piccolo.;Shane Antoinette Arante.;Justin Chan.;Kathryn Jano.;Madeline A DiLorenzo.;Melissa Achenbaum.;Regan Britt.;David Butler.;Radu Postelnicu.;Erin McGuire.;Vikramjit Mukherjee.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷6期1575-1579页 94. Impact of Sex on Prediction of Asthma Attacks by Clinical Risk Factors and Type 2 Biomarkers.
作者: Sebastian Riemann.;Fleur L Meulmeester.;Samuel Mailhot-Larouche.;Sanjay Ramakrishnan.;Michael E Wechsler.;Jonathan Corren.;Sarah E Diver.;Christopher E Brightling.;Mario Castro.;Nicola A Hanania.;David J Jackson.;Neil Martin.;Annette Laugerud.;Deborah Clarke.;Alison Moore.;Megan E Hardin.;Cecile T J Holweg.;Subhashini Allu.;Timothy S C Hinks.;Richard W Beasley.;Jacob K Sont.;Ewout W Steyerberg.;Ian D Pavord.;Guy Brusselle.;Simon Couillard.; .
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷6期1464-1475页
Multiple clinical and inflammatory risk factors for asthma attacks have been identified, including attack history, comorbidities, blood eosinophil count (BEC), and exhaled nitric oxide (Feno). However, the impact of sex on their prognostic value is unclear.
95. Updates on Rhabdomyolysis: A Clinically Oriented Narrative Review.
作者: Quinlan Richert.;Nicholas Miller.;Shane Cameron.;Bryce Barr.;Joel Nkosi.;Aditya Sharma.
来源: Chest. 2026年170卷1期128-136页
Rhabdomyolysis is the clinical syndrome resulting from the release of skeletal muscle cellular contents into the bloodstream, typically manifesting as limb weakness, myalgias, swelling, myoglobinuria, electrolyte abnormalities, and, critically, acute kidney injury (AKI). Recognition of this complex of clinical and biochemical features is necessary for accurate diagnosis and subsequent management.
96. Pulmonary Hypertension Prevalence and Significance in Lung Transplant Recipients With Cystic Fibrosis and Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis.
作者: Abhimanyu Chandel.;Simon Turkington.;Christopher S King.;Anju Singhal.;Alan Nyquist.;A Whitney Brown.;Steven D Nathan.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷6期1496-1505页
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complication of advanced cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (n-CFB). The prevalence and posttransplantation prognostic significance of PH in CF and n-CFB remain poorly defined.
97. Interactive Pathways of Key Prognostic Factors in Severe Asthma: A Bayesian Network Comparison of Clinical Trials and Real-World Data.
作者: Chandra Prakash Yadav.;Laura Huey Mien Lim.;David Price.;Rupsa Roy.;Yah Ru Juang.;Richard Beasley.;Christer Janson.;Mariko Siyue Koh.;Eileen Wang.;Michael E Wechsler.;David J Jackson.;John Busby.;Liam G Heaney.;Paul E Pfeffer.;Bassam Mahboub.;Diahn-Warng Perng.;Borja G Cosio.;Luis Perez-de-Llano.;Riyad Al-Lehebi.;Désirée Larenas-Linnemann.;Mona Al-Ahmad.;Chin Kook Rhee.;Takashi Iwanaga.;Enrico Heffler.;Giorgio Walter Canonica.;Richard Costello.;Nikolaos G Papadopoulos.;Andriana I Papaioannou.;Celeste M Porsbjerg.;Carlos A Torres-Duque.;George C Christoff.;Todor A Popov.;Mark Hew.;Matthew Peters.;Peter G Gibson.;Jorge Maspero.;Celine Bergeron.;Saraid Cerda.;Elvia Angelica Contreras.;Wenjia Chen.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷5期1183-1197页
The way in which risk predictors combine and contribute to severe asthma exacerbations may differ between clinical trials and real-world settings.
98. Twelve-Month Follow-Up and Economic Evaluation of an Alternative Care Provider Clinic for Severe Sleep-Disordered Breathing.
作者: Erika D Penz.;Ada Ip-Buting.;Willis H Tsai.;Maria J Santana.;W Ward Flemons.;Kristin L Fraser.;Sachin R Pendharkar.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷6期1703-1716页
Use of nonphysician alternative care providers (ACPs) can improve timely access to sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) care, and previous studies have demonstrated beneficial short-term clinical outcomes. Longer-term clinical and economic impacts of an ACP model for patients with severe SDB have not been evaluated.
99. The Impact of the 2023 American Cancer Society Screening Recommendations on Racial, Ethnic, and Sex Disparities in Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility.
作者: Adoma Manful.;Nikita Amanna.;S Lani Park.;Jessica L Petrick.;Lynn Rosenberg.;Hilary Tindle.;Julie Palmer.;Lynne Wilkens.;Loïc Le Marchand.;Melinda C Aldrich.;Jeffrey D Blume.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷6期1750-1763页
Because lung cancer risk remains elevated beyond 15 years after smoking cessation, the American Cancer Society (ACS) recommended in 2023 to remove the quit duration criterion from the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) lung cancer screening guidelines.
100. Exacerbation Risk by Chronic Proton Pump Inhibitor Use in Obstructive Lung Diseases.
作者: Valerie Dehondt.;Frauke Van Vaerenbergh.;Katia Verhamme.;Lies Lahousse.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷5期1218-1227页
Previous studies have shown inconsistent results regarding the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the risk on exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive airway diseases (COADs).
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