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81. The Prevalence and Characteristics of Difficult Patient Encounters : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Jeffrey L Jackson.;Akira Kuriyama.;Jeff Whittle.;Anthony Davis-Maxwell.;Michelle Thompson.;Mary G Murphy.;Suma Gondi.;Kristen Brennan.;Cory Ganshert.;Kathlyn E Fletcher.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷3期382-393页
Patients are sometimes experienced as difficult by their providers.
82. Iron Deficiency Anemia.
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is caused by iron deficiency, a common yet underrecognized clinical entity. Populations at greatest risk include children, menstruating and pregnant persons, and people of low socioeconomic status. Timely diagnosis and management of iron deficiency are key to preventing IDA and require thorough assessment of the underlying cause and appropriate iron repletion through either oral or parenteral therapy. Blood transfusion does not provide adequate elemental iron but is sometimes indicated along with iron therapy in patients with cardiovascular compromise, active bleeding, or severe anemia where more rapid correction is warranted. Alternative causes of anemia can be differentiated by red blood cell morphology and reticulocyte count and should be considered if anemia persists despite adequate repletion of iron stores.
83. In HFrEF, adding digitoxin to standard care reduced a composite of death or first worsening HF hospitalization at a median 36 mo.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].
84. GLP-1RAs increase risk for cholelithiasis and GERD but not other GI or biliary adverse events vs. placebo.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Endocrinology: [Formula: see text] Gastroenterology: [Formula: see text].
85. Effectiveness of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Diabetic Foot Disease : An Emulated Target Trial.
作者: Frederik P B Kristensen.;Diana H Christensen.;Brian C Callaghan.;Jens S Nielsen.;Henning Andersen.;Henrik T Sørensen.;Reimar W Thomsen.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷3期340-352页
The effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) on diabetic foot disease have been mixed in prior trials of SGLT-2is compared with placebo. The comparative risk for diabetic foot disease with SGLT-2is compared with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) is unknown.
86. In adults at high risk for ventricular arrhythmia, treatment to increase potassium to high-normal levels improved a composite outcome.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].
87. In adults hospitalized with acute HF, predischarge influenza vaccination reduced a composite of mortality or readmission at 1 y.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text] Infectious Disease: [Formula: see text].
88. In older adults, high- vs. standard-dose influenza vaccine reduced hospitalization for influenza or pneumonia.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Public Health: [Formula: see text].
89. In symptomatic AF, nurse-led pre-ablation lifestyle treatment reduced repeat ablations or cardioversions at 1 y.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].
91. In older adults, RSV prefusion F vaccine reduced hospitalization for RSV-related respiratory tract disease vs. no vaccine.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Geriatrics: [Formula: see text] Infectious Disease: [Formula: see text] Pulmonology: [Formula: see text].
92. In hypercholesterolemia, adding inclisiran to individually optimized lipid-lowering therapy improved LDL-C levels at 90 d.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].
93. In older adults with impaired physical performance after MI, multidomain rehabilitation reduced CV death or CV hospitalization at 1 y.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text] Geriatrics: [Formula: see text].
94. Effectiveness and Safety of Statins in Type 2 Diabetes According to Baseline Cardiovascular Risk : A Target Trial Emulation Study.
作者: Vincent Ka Chun Yan.;Joseph Edgar Blais.;John-Michael Gamble.;Esther Wai Yin Chan.;Ian Chi Kei Wong.;Eric Yuk Fai Wan.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷2期157-167页
Whether statins benefit patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with low predicted 10-year cardiovascular risk is uncertain.
95. 2025 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guideline for the Primary Care Management of Chronic Kidney Disease.
作者: Amy R Schwartz.;Jonathan Sosnov.;Jonathan Brown.;Cynthia Delgado.;Linda Fried.;Manjula Kurella Tamura.;John W Morrison.;Sankar D Navaneethan.;Paul M Palevsky.;Diane Rybacki.;James Sall.;Sunil Verma.;Maura Watson.;Jesse Wickham.;Mai Nguyen.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷3期411-424页
Management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been rapidly evolving, now involving many interventions that can be managed in the primary care setting. In April 2025, leadership within the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) approved a joint clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the primary care management of CKD. This synopsis reviews the 2025 recommendations related to diagnosis, assessment, and management of CKD.
96. Once-Weekly Oral Islatravir Plus Lenacapavir Versus Daily Oral Bictegravir, Emtricitabine, and Tenofovir Alafenamide in Persons With HIV-1 : A Phase 2 Randomized Study.
作者: Amy E Colson.;Gordon E Crofoot.;Peter J Ruane.;Moti N Ramgopal.;Alexandra W Dretler.;Ronald G Nahass.;Gary I Sinclair.;Mezgebe Berhe.;Afsoon Roberts.;Shauna Applin.;Cynthia Brinson.;Dushyantha Jayaweera.;Kimberly A Workowski.;Fadi Shihadeh.;Shan-Yu Liu.;Stephanie Klopfer.;Cyril Llamoso.;Sharline Madera.;Hadas Dvory-Sobol.;Martin S Rhee.;Elizabeth G Rhee.;Jared M Baeten.;Joseph J Eron.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷2期168-176页
Once-weekly oral islatravir plus lenacapavir (ISL+LEN) has the potential to address adherence challenges with daily HIV-1 treatment.
98. Effect of Interventions Aimed at Reducing or Modifying Saturated Fat Intake on Cholesterol, Mortality, and Major Cardiovascular Events : A Risk Stratified Systematic Review of Randomized Trials.
作者: Jeremy P Steen.;Kevin C Klatt.;Yaping Chang.;Gordon H Guyatt.;Hongfei Zhu.;Mateusz J Swierz.;Dawid Storman.;Mingyao Sun.;Yunli Zhao.;Long Ge.;Lehana Thabane.;Nirjhar R Ghosh.;Giorgio Karam.;Pablo Alonso-Coello.;Malgorzata M Bala.;Bradley C Johnston.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷2期242-255页
Debates about optimal saturated fat advice continue.
99. Efficacy and Safety of Bisphosphonates for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Michael C Ferraro.;Neil E O'Connell.;Andreas Goebel.;Ruaraidh Hill.;Ffion Curtis.;Jack Wilkinson.;Jacqueline R Center.;Sylvia M Gustin.;Aidan G Cashin.;James H McAuley.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷2期256-269页
Clinical guidelines recommend bisphosphonates for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) despite limited evidence of efficacy.
100. Diagnostic Follow-up of Positive Results on Low-Dose Computed Tomography Screening in the Medicare Population.
作者: Paul F Pinsky.;Gerard Silvestri.;Raymond Osarogiagbon.;Farhood Farjah.;Eric Miller.;Ella Kazerooni.;Lindsey Enewold.;Louise Henderson.;Danielle Durham.;Robert A Smith.;Philip Connor.;Andrew Ward.;Paul Doria-Rose.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2026年179卷2期187-195页
Diagnostic evaluation of positive screening results for lung cancer is critically important for optimal outcomes. Data on such follow-up are limited.
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