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81. The Effect of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle (SEP-1) Compliance and Implementation on Mortality Among Patients With Sepsis : A Systematic Review.
作者: James S Ford.;Joseph C Morrison.;May Kyaw.;Meghan Hewlett.;Peggy Tahir.;Sonia Jain.;Shamim Nemati.;Atul Malhotra.;Gabriel Wardi.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷4期543-557页
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle (SEP-1) is now included in the Hospital Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) Program.
82. Hemochromatosis.
Hemochromatosis is an inheritable condition that mainly affects White populations of European descent. Most patients remain asymptomatic, but others develop advanced organ damage that reduces quality of life and long-term survival. Arthropathy, diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and cardiomyopathy are key clinical manifestations. Primary care and hospital medicine physicians play an essential role in early identification of this disease, which can be accomplished via standard hematologic testing. Early diagnosis and therapeutic phlebotomy improve clinical outcomes.
83. Bleeding Risks With Non-Vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants Versus Single Antiplatelet Therapy : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials.
作者: Michael Ke Wang.;Geethan Baskaran.;Ghazal Razeghi.;Richard Ma.;Louis S Park.;Manasi Tannu.;P J Devereaux.;William F McIntyre.;Jeff S Healey.;Ashkan Shoamanesh.;David Conen.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷3期360-368页
In several settings, therapeutic-dose non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are superior to aspirin for the prevention of arterial and venous thromboembolism.
84. Assessment and Management of Patients at Risk for Suicide: Synopsis of the 2024 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guidelines.
作者: Lisa A Brenner.;Vince Capaldi.;Joseph Constans.;Steven Dobscha.;Matthew Fuller.;Bridget Matarazzo.;Kate McGraw.;Kenneth Richter.;James Sall.;Derek Smolenski.;Scott Williams.;Sarah Davis-Arnold.;Nazanin Bahraini.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷3期416-425页
The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) updated the 2019 joint clinical practice guideline (CPG) for assessing and managing patients who are at risk for suicide. This synopsis provides primary care physicians with a summary of the updated 2024 recommendations regarding evaluation and management of military members and veterans at risk for suicide.
85. Comparative Effectiveness of Pharmacologic Treatments for the Prevention of Episodic Migraine Headache: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis for the American College of Physicians.
作者: Johanna A A Damen.;Bada Yang.;Demy L Idema.;Robin W M Vernooij.;Linde Huis In 't Veld.;Mike Kusters.;Rene Spijker.;Kim van der Braak.;Pauline Heus.;Kevin Jenniskens.;Lotty Hooft.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷3期369-380页
Various treatments for preventing episodic migraine are available.
86. Patients' Values and Preferences Regarding Pharmacologic Treatments for the Prevention of Episodic Migraine Headache: A Systematic Review for the American College of Physicians.
作者: Bada Yang.;Robin W M Vernooij.;Demy L Idema.;Linde Huis In 't Veld.;Mike P T Kusters.;Rene Spijker.;Kim van der Braak.;Pauline Heus.;Kevin Jenniskens.;Lotty Hooft.;Johanna A A Damen.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷3期381-388页
Decision making regarding pharmacologic treatments for the prevention of episodic migraine may depend on the importance that patients place on outcomes and specific treatment preferences.
87. Prevention of Episodic Migraine Headache Using Pharmacologic Treatments in Outpatient Settings: A Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians.
作者: Amir Qaseem.;Thomas G Cooney.;Itziar Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta.;Timothy J Wilt.;Curtis S Harrod.;Jeffrey A Tice.;Carolyn J Crandall.; .;Lauri A Hicks.;J Thomas Cross.;Nick Fitterman.;Johanna Lewis.;Amy M Linsky.;Michael Maroto.;Matthew C Miller.;Adam J Obley.;Douglas K Owens.;Paul G Shekelle.;Tatyana Shamliyan.;Jennifer Yost.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷3期426-433页
The American College of Physicians (ACP) developed this clinical guideline for clinicians caring for adults with episodic migraine headache (defined as 1 to 14 headache days per month) in outpatient settings.
88. Impact of Genomic Classifiers on Risk Stratification and Treatment Intensity in Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer : A Systematic Review.
作者: Amir Alishahi Tabriz.;Matthew J Boyer.;Adelaide M Gordon.;David J Carpenter.;Jeffrey R Gingrich.;Sudha R Raman.;Deepika Sirohi.;Alexis Rompre-Brodeur.;Joseph Lunyera.;Fahmin Basher.;Rhonda L Bitting.;Andrzej S Kosinski.;Sarah Cantrell.;Belinda Ear.;Jennifer M Gierisch.;Morgan Jacobs.;Karen M Goldstein.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期218-228页
Tissue-based genomic classifiers (GCs) have been developed to improve prostate cancer (PCa) risk assessment and treatment recommendations.
89. Stroke Rehabilitation: Synopsis of the 2024 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guidelines.
作者: Blessen C Eapen.;Johanna Tran.;Jennifer Ballard-Hernandez.;Andrew Buelt.;Carrie W Hoppes.;Christine Matthews.;Svetlana Pundik.;James Reston.;Zahari Tchopev.;Lisa M Wayman.;Tyler Koehn.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期249-268页
In July 2024, the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) released a joint update of their 2019 clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the management of stroke rehabilitation. This synopsis is a condensed version of the 2024 CPG, highlighting the key aspects of the guideline development process and describing the major recommendations.
90. Effectiveness of Synchronous Postdischarge Contacts on Health Care Use and Patient Satisfaction : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Joel C Boggan.;Spoorthi Sankineni.;Paul A Dennis.;Dazhe Chen.;Tina Wong Sledge.;David Halpern.;Sharron Rushton.;John W Williams.;Tatyana Der.;Amir Alishahi Tabriz.;Adelaide M Gordon.;Morgan Jacobs.;Nathan A Boucher.;Maria Colandrea.;Anastasia-Stefania Alexopoulos.;Joanne Roman Jones.;Nina Leflore-Lloyd.;Sarah Cantrell.;Karen M Goldstein.;Jennifer M Gierisch.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期229-240页
Postdischarge contacts (PDCs) after hospitalization are common practice, but their effectiveness in reducing use of acute care after discharge remains unclear.
91. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the United States. It is characterized by steatosis in the liver and is potentially reversible. Risk factors include obesity, type 2 mellitus, and other metabolic disorders. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), a more severe form of MASLD, puts patients at risk for cirrhosis, liver decompensation, and liver cancer. Diet, exercise, and weight loss are the cornerstones of management. Although only 1 medication has been approved for treatment of MASH, other pharmacotherapies and surgeries that aid weight loss and optimize metabolic risk factors can be used. Early diagnosis and intervention are important to prevent progression to cirrhosis and its complications, including cancer.
92. Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Weight Loss Among Adults Without Diabetes : A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
作者: Areesha Moiz.;Kristian B Filion.;Helia Toutounchi.;Michael A Tsoukas.;Oriana H Y Yu.;Tricia M Peters.;Mark J Eisenberg.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期199-217页
Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and dual or triple co-agonists for weight loss among adults with overweight or obesity and without diabetes.
93. Anticoagulation Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 : A Systematic Review and Prospective Meta-analysis.
作者: .;Claire L Vale.;Peter J Godolphin.;David J Fisher.;Julian P T Higgins.;Alexandra McAleenan.;Francesca Spiga.;Tobias Tritschler.;Pedro Gabriel Melo de Barros E Silva.;David D Berg.;Jeffrey S Berger.;Lindsay R Berry.;Behnood Bikdeli.;Marc Blondon.;Erin A Bohula.;Marco Cattaneo.;Riccardo Colombo.;Valeria Coluccio.;Maria T DeSancho.;Michael E Farkouh.;Valentin Fuster.;Massimo Girardis.;Judith S Hochman.;Thomas P Jensen.;Vivekanand Jha.;Peter Jüni.;Ajay J Kirtane.;Patrick Lawler.;Grégoire Le Gal.;Ramon Lecumberri.;Steven R Lentz.;Renato D Lopes.;Elizabeth Lorenzi.;Marco Marietta.;Carlos Henrique Miranda.;Nuccia Morici.;Susan C Morpeth.;David A Morrow.;Zoe K McQuilten.;Nuria Muñoz-Rivas.;Matthew D Neal.;Suman Pant.;Sahil A Parikh.;Usha Perepu.;Parham Sadeghipour.;Sanjum Sethi.;Michelle Sholzberg.;Alex C Spyropoulos.;Gregg W Stone.;Azita Hajhossein Talasaz.;Steven Tong.;James Totterdell.;Balasubramanian Venkatesh.;Maddalena Alessandra Wu.;Ryan Zarychanski.;Stephane Zuily.;Julie Viry.;Jamie Rylance.;Neill K J Adhikari.;Janet V Diaz.;John C Marshall.;Jonathan A C Sterne.;Srinivas Murthy.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷1期59-69页
Reported results of clinical trials assessing higher-dose anticoagulation in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 have been inconsistent.
94. Strategies to Address Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health and Health Care for Chronic Conditions : An Evidence Map of Research From 2017 to 2024.
作者: Toyin Lamina.;Hamdi I Abdi.;Kathryn Behrens.;Romil Parikh.;Kathleen Call.;Amy M Claussen.;Janette Dill.;Stuart W Grande.;Laura Houghtaling.;Rhonda Jones-Webb.;Manka Nkimbeng.;Elizabeth A Rogers.;Shahnaz Sultan.;Rachel Widome.;Timothy J Wilt.;Mary Butler.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷1期88-97页
Racial and ethnic disparities in health and health care persist in the United States, adversely affecting outcomes in prevention and treatment of chronic conditions among adults.
95. Management of Hyperglycemia in Hospitalized Patients.
作者: Roma Gianchandani.;Margaret Wei.;Andrew Demidowich.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷12期ITC177-ITC192页
People with diabetes account for 25% of hospitalizations, or 8 million admissions annually. Poor glycemic control in the hospital is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, length of stay, and readmissions. Key considerations of inpatient diabetes management include initiation of appropriate insulin or medication regimens and frequent dose adjustments based on patient-specific factors. Inpatient diabetes management teams and new technologies are increasingly prevalent and can assist in achieving glycemic targets in the hospital. At discharge, standardized checklists should be used to ensure successful transitions of care.
96. The Past, Present, and Future of Restrictive Covenants in Medicine in the United States : A Narrative Review.
Restrictive covenants (RCs) are clauses placed into employment agreements across various industries, and they are frequently used in health care-specifically within physician contracts. Given the most recent guidance and rule determined by the Federal Trade Commission in April 2024, the relevancy of RCs in health care has come under even more scrutiny in the latter half of 2024. This review will focus on the history of RC law and review the value of these clauses from the perspectives of the employer, practicing physician, and patient. We also provide the stakeholder responses to both the ban and the subsequent blockage of enforcement by a Texas federal court in August of 2024.
97. Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Colonoscopy for Polyp Detection : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Saeed Soleymanjahi.;Jack Huebner.;Lina Elmansy.;Niroop Rajashekar.;Nando Lüdtke.;Rumzah Paracha.;Rachel Thompson.;Alyssa A Grimshaw.;Farid Foroutan.;Shahnaz Sultan.;Dennis L Shung.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷12期1652-1663页
Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of computer-aided detection (CADe) system-enhanced colonoscopy compared with conventional colonoscopy suggest increased adenoma detection rate (ADR) and decreased adenoma miss rate (AMR), but the effect on detection of advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) is unclear.
98. Clinical Tools to Assess Functional Capacity During Risk Assessment Before Elective Noncardiac Surgery : A Scoping Review.
作者: Julian F Daza.;Tyler R Chesney.;Juan F Morales.;Yuanxin Xue.;Sandra Lee.;Leandra A Amado.;Bianca Pivetta.;Arnaud R Mbadjeu Hondjeu.;Rachel Jolley.;Calvin Diep.;Shabbir M H Alibhai.;Peter M Smith.;Erin D Kennedy.;Elizabeth Racz.;Luke Wilmshurst.;Duminda N Wijeysundera.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷1期75-87页
Functional capacity is critical to preoperative risk assessment, yet guidance on its measurement in clinical practice remains lacking.
99. Dementia.
Dementia, or major neurocognitive disorder, is defined as a decline in 1 or more cognitive domains that causes impairment in everyday function. Alzheimer disease is the most common type of dementia in the United States, with an estimated 6.9 million adults who have Alzheimer disease and are 65 years or older. This article discusses the latest findings in preventing cognitive decline. It also discusses dementia screening, diagnosis, treatment, and the quality of life for persons with dementia and their caregivers.
100. Effect of Weight Loss Interventions on the Symptomatic Burden and Biomarkers of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome : A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
作者: Jadine Scragg.;Alice Hobson.;Lia Willis.;Kathryn S Taylor.;Sharon Dixon.;Susan A Jebb.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷12期1664-1674页
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is common in women of reproductive age and is associated with obesity. Clinical guidelines recommend weight loss, but the impact on the clinical manifestations of PCOS is unclear.
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