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941. Neutrophils, Helicobacter pylori, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ulcers.
作者: A S Taha.;S Dahill.;C Morran.;N Hudson.;C J Hawkey.;F D Lee.;R D Sturrock.;R I Russell.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1999年116卷2期254-8页
Gastric injury by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is minimal in neutropenic animals. This study examined peptic ulcer development in the presence or absence of gastric neutrophils in patients requiring long-term use of NSAIDs.
942. The MACH2 study: role of omeprazole in eradication of Helicobacter pylori with 1-week triple therapies.
作者: T Lind.;F Mégraud.;P Unge.;E Bayerdörffer.;C O'morain.;R Spiller.;S Veldhuyzen Van Zanten.;K D Bardhan.;M Hellblom.;M Wrangstadh.;L Zeijlon.;C Cederberg.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1999年116卷2期248-53页
The role of omeprazole in triple therapy and the impact of Helicobacter pylori resistance on treatment outcome are not established. This study investigated the role of omeprazole and influence of primary H. pylori resistance on eradication and development of secondary resistance.
943. The kappa agonist fedotozine relieves hypersensitivity to colonic distention in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
作者: M Delvaux.;D Louvel.;E Lagier.;B Scherrer.;J L Abitbol.;J Frexinos.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1999年116卷1期38-45页
Visceral hypersensitivity plays a major role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBS). Opioid kappa receptors on afferent nerves may modulate it and may be the target of new IBS treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fedotozine, a potent and selective kappa agonist, on responses to colonic distention and colonic compliance in patients with IBS.
944. Tumor necrosis factor alpha antibody (infliximab) therapy profoundly down-regulates the inflammation in Crohn's ileocolitis.
作者: F J Baert.;G R D'Haens.;M Peeters.;M I Hiele.;T F Schaible.;D Shealy.;K Geboes.;P J Rutgeerts.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1999年116卷1期22-8页
Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody treatment (infliximab) reduces clinical signs and symptoms in patients with Crohn's disease. The effects of infliximab on mucosal histopathologic abnormalities in Crohn's ileocolitis were studied.
945. Pancreatic stenting prevents pancreatitis after biliary sphincterotomy in patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.
作者: P R Tarnasky.;Y Y Palesch.;J T Cunningham.;P D Mauldin.;P B Cotton.;R H Hawes.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1998年115卷6期1518-24页
Patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction are at high risk of developing pancreatitis after endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy. Impaired pancreatic drainage caused by pancreatic sphincter hypertension is the likely explanation for this increased risk. A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted to determine if ductal drainage with pancreatic stenting protects against pancreatitis after biliary sphincterotomy in patients with pancreatic sphincter hypertension.
946. Controlled clinical trial of pefloxacin versus imipenem in severe acute pancreatitis.
作者: C Bassi.;M Falconi.;G Talamini.;G Uomo.;G Papaccio.;C Dervenis.;R Salvia.;E B Minelli.;P Pederzoli.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1998年115卷6期1513-7页
Antibiotic prophylaxis in severe pancreatitis has recently yielded promising clinical results, with imipenem significantly reducing the incidence of infected necrosis compared with an untreated control group. On the bases of pefloxacin's spectrum of action and pancreatic penetration, we investigated whether such drugs represent a valid alternative to imipenem.
947. Lack of effectiveness of the platelet-activating factor antagonist SR27417A in patients with active ulcerative colitis: a randomized controlled trial. The Platelet Activating Factor Antagonist Study Group in Ulcerative Colitis.
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is increased during relapse of ulcerative colitis. In animal models of experimental colitis, specific inhibition of PAF has reduced inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the PAF antagonist SR27417A in moderately active UC.
948. Ranitidine controls nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough on omeprazole: a controlled study in normal subjects.
Proton pump inhibitors administered twice daily do not provide complete nocturnal acid suppression. Acid breakthrough, or decrease in intragastric pH to <4 for an hour or longer, occurs in three quarters of normal subjects and patients at night. We compared the effect of a third dose of omeprazole at bedtime with that of a dose of ranitidine at bedtime on residual nocturnal acid secretion in patients receiving omeprazole twice daily.
951. Long-term treatment of ulcerative colitis with ciprofloxacin: a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
作者: U M Turunen.;M A Färkkilä.;K Hakala.;K Seppälä.;A Sivonen.;M Ogren.;M Vuoristo.;V V Valtonen.;T A Miettinen.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1998年115卷5期1072-8页
Although bacterial bowel flora may be one of the contributing factors in the pathogenesis of chronic mucosal inflammation, antibiotic treatment has no established role in ulcerative colitis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of ciprofloxacin in the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis in patients responding poorly to conventional therapy with steroids and mesalamine.
952. Budesonide versus prednisone in the treatment of active Crohn's disease. The Israeli Budesonide Study Group.
作者: S Bar-Meir.;Y Chowers.;A Lavy.;D Abramovitch.;A Sternberg.;G Leichtmann.;R Reshef.;S Odes.;M Moshkovitz.;R Bruck.;R Eliakim.;E Maoz.;U Mittmann.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1998年115卷4期835-40页
Budesonide (BUD) is a potent steroid that undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism. BUD incorporated in a pH-dependent formulation has been proposed as an alternative treatment for Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of BUD and prednisone (PRED) in the treatment of active CD involving the terminal ileum and/or the colon.
953. Inhibition of prostaglandin-induced intestinal secretion by igmesine in healthy volunteers.
作者: C Rozé.;S Bruley Des Varannes.;G Shi.;J Genéve.;J P Galmiche.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1998年115卷3期591-6页
Igmesine, a final sigma ligand, has been shown to inhibit intestinal secretion and diarrhea in animal models. The purpose of this study was to measure the inhibitory effect of igmesine on basal and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-induced jejunal secretion in normal volunteers.
954. Is colonoscopy needed for the nonadvanced adenoma found on sigmoidoscopy? The Polyp Prevention Trial.
作者: R E Schoen.;D Corle.;L Cranston.;J L Weissfeld.;P Lance.;R Burt.;F Iber.;M Shike.;J W Kikendall.;M Hasson.;K J Lewin.;H D Appelman.;E Paskett.;J V Selby.;E Lanza.;A Schatzkin.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1998年115卷3期533-41页
The need for colonoscopy when small tubular adenomas with low-grade dysplasia are found on sigmoidoscopy is uncertain. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of proximal adenomas in patients with distal adenomas.
955. Budesonide enema for the treatment of active, distal ulcerative colitis and proctitis: a dose-ranging study. U.S. Budesonide enema study group.
作者: S B Hanauer.;M Robinson.;R Pruitt.;A J Lazenby.;T Persson.;L G Nilsson.;K Walton-Bowen.;L P Haskell.;J G Levine.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1998年115卷3期525-32页
Budesonide is a highly potent topical glucocorticosteroid that is characterized by low systemic availability as a result of high first-pass hepatic metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of three doses of an enema preparation of budesonide in patients with active distal ulcerative colitis/proctitis.
956. Propranolol plus prazosin compared with propranolol plus isosorbide-5-mononitrate in the treatment of portal hypertension.
作者: A Albillos.;J C García-Pagán.;J Iborra.;J C Bandi.;G Cacho.;M Pérez-Paramo.;A Escorsell.;J L Calleja.;P Escartín.;J Bosch.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1998年115卷1期116-23页
The association of prazosin to propranolol enhances the decrease in portal pressure but may cause hypotension and sodium retention. The aim of this study was to compare the portal pressure reduction and safety of the combination of propranolol plus prazosin with that of propranolol plus isosorbide-5-mononitrate (ISMN).
957. The clinical and economic value of a short course of omeprazole in patients with noncardiac chest pain.
作者: R Fass.;M B Fennerty.;J J Ofman.;I M Gralnek.;C Johnson.;E Camargo.;R E Sampliner.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1998年115卷1期42-9页
Evaluation of new patients with noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) may require a variety of costly tests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the omeprazole test (OT) in diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) in patients with NCCP and estimate the potential cost savings of this strategy compared with conventional diagnostic evaluations.
958. Effect of a low-impact exercise program on bone mineral density in Crohn's disease: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: R J Robinson.;T Krzywicki.;L Almond.;F al-Azzawi.;K Abrams.;S J Iqbal.;J F Mayberry.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1998年115卷1期36-41页
Physical exercise increases bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy young adults and slows the rate of bone loss in later life. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate the effect of exercise on BMD in patients with Crohn's disease.
959. Oral beclomethasone dipropionate for treatment of intestinal graft-versus-host disease: a randomized, controlled trial.
作者: G B McDonald.;M Bouvier.;D M Hockenbery.;J M Stern.;T Gooley.;A Farrand.;C Murakami.;D S Levine.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1998年115卷1期28-35页
Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), a topically active steroid, seemed to be an effective treatment for intestinal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in a phase I study. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of oral BDP to that of placebo capsules in treatment of intestinal GVHD.
960. Oral contraceptive use and smoking are risk factors for relapse in Crohn's disease. The Canadian Mesalamine for Remission of Crohn's Disease Study Group.
Lifestyle factors have been shown to influence prognosis in Crohn's disease. The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the effects of smoking and oral contraceptive use on clinical relapse rates.
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