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801. Acute-onset floaters and flashes: is this patient at risk for retinal detachment?
作者: Hussein Hollands.;Davin Johnson.;Anya C Brox.;David Almeida.;David L Simel.;Sanjay Sharma.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷20期2243-9页
Acute onset of monocular floaters and/or flashes represents a common presentation to primary care physicians, and the most likely diagnosis is posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). A significant proportion of patients with acute PVD develop an associated retinal tear that can lead to retinal detachment and permanent vision loss if left untreated.
802. Motor development in very preterm and very low-birth-weight children from birth to adolescence: a meta-analysis.
作者: Jorrit F de Kieviet.;Jan P Piek.;Cornelieke S Aarnoudse-Moens.;Jaap Oosterlaan.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷20期2235-42页
Infants who are very preterm (born < or = 32 weeks of gestation) and very low birth weight (VLBW) (weighing < or = 1500 g) are at risk for poor developmental outcomes. There is increasing evidence that very preterm birth and VLBW have a considerable effect on motor development, although findings are inconsistent.
803. Does this patient with palpitations have a cardiac arrhythmia?
作者: Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan.;Akshay Bagai.;Clarence Khoo.;Paul Dorian.;Niteesh K Choudhry.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷19期2135-43页
Many patients have palpitations and seek advice from general practitioners. Differentiating benign causes from those resulting from clinically significant cardiac arrhythmia can be challenging and the clinical examination may aid in this process.
804. Tools for direct observation and assessment of clinical skills of medical trainees: a systematic review.
Direct observation of medical trainees with actual patients is important for performance-based clinical skills assessment. Multiple tools for direct observation are available, but their characteristics and outcomes have not been compared systematically.
805. Combined corticosteroid and antiviral treatment for Bell palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: John R de Almeida.;Murtadha Al Khabori.;Gordon H Guyatt.;Ian J Witterick.;Vincent Y W Lin.;Julian M Nedzelski.;Joseph M Chen.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷9期985-93页
New evidence has emerged regarding the use of corticosteroids and antiviral agents in Bell palsy.
806. Sexual abuse and lifetime diagnosis of somatic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Molly L Paras.;Mohammad Hassan Murad.;Laura P Chen.;Erin N Goranson.;Amelia L Sattler.;Kristina M Colbenson.;Mohamed B Elamin.;Richard J Seime.;Larry J Prokop.;Ali Zirakzadeh.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷5期550-61页
Many patients presenting for general medical care have a history of sexual abuse. The literature suggests an association between a history of sexual abuse and somatic sequelae.
807. Association of torture and other potentially traumatic events with mental health outcomes among populations exposed to mass conflict and displacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Zachary Steel.;Tien Chey.;Derrick Silove.;Claire Marnane.;Richard A Bryant.;Mark van Ommeren.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷5期537-49页
Uncertainties continue about the roles that methodological factors and key risk factors, particularly torture and other potentially traumatic events (PTEs), play in the variation of reported prevalence rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression across epidemiologic surveys among postconflict populations worldwide.
808. Lipoprotein(a) concentration and the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and nonvascular mortality.
作者: .;Sebhat Erqou.;Stephen Kaptoge.;Philip L Perry.;Emanuele Di Angelantonio.;Alexander Thompson.;Ian R White.;Santica M Marcovina.;Rory Collins.;Simon G Thompson.;John Danesh.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷4期412-23页
Circulating concentration of lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]), a large glycoprotein attached to a low-density lipoprotein-like particle, may be associated with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke.
809. Adiponectin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The association of obesity with development of type 2 diabetes may be partly mediated by altered secretion of adipokines by adipose tissue. Greater adiposity down-regulates secretion of adiponectin, an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing properties. The strength and consistency of the relation between plasma adiponectin and risk of type 2 diabetes is unclear.
810. Genetic variants associated with cardiac structure and function: a meta-analysis and replication of genome-wide association data.
作者: Ramachandran S Vasan.;Nicole L Glazer.;Janine F Felix.;Wolfgang Lieb.;Philipp S Wild.;Stephan B Felix.;Norbert Watzinger.;Martin G Larson.;Nicholas L Smith.;Abbas Dehghan.;Anika Grosshennig.;Arne Schillert.;Alexander Teumer.;Reinhold Schmidt.;Sekar Kathiresan.;Thomas Lumley.;Yurii S Aulchenko.;Inke R König.;Tanja Zeller.;Georg Homuth.;Maksim Struchalin.;Jayashri Aragam.;Joshua C Bis.;Fernando Rivadeneira.;Jeanette Erdmann.;Renate B Schnabel.;Marcus Dörr.;Robert Zweiker.;Lars Lind.;Richard J Rodeheffer.;Karin Halina Greiser.;Daniel Levy.;Talin Haritunians.;Jaap W Deckers.;Jan Stritzke.;Karl J Lackner.;Uwe Völker.;Erik Ingelsson.;Iftikhar Kullo.;Johannes Haerting.;Christopher J O'Donnell.;Susan R Heckbert.;Bruno H Stricker.;Andreas Ziegler.;Thorsten Reffelmann.;Margaret M Redfield.;Karl Werdan.;Gary F Mitchell.;Kenneth Rice.;Donna K Arnett.;Albert Hofman.;John S Gottdiener.;Andre G Uitterlinden.;Thomas Meitinger.;Maria Blettner.;Nele Friedrich.;Thomas J Wang.;Bruce M Psaty.;Cornelia M van Duijn.;H-Erich Wichmann.;Thomas F Munzel.;Heyo K Kroemer.;Emelia J Benjamin.;Jerome I Rotter.;Jacqueline C Witteman.;Heribert Schunkert.;Helena Schmidt.;Henry Völzke.;Stefan Blankenberg.
来源: JAMA. 2009年302卷2期168-78页
Echocardiographic measures of left ventricular (LV) structure and function are heritable phenotypes of cardiovascular disease.
811. Predictive value of factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A in adults with venous thromboembolism and in family members of those with a mutation: a systematic review.
作者: Jodi B Segal.;Daniel J Brotman.;Alejandro J Necochea.;Ashkan Emadi.;Lipika Samal.;Lisa M Wilson.;Matthew T Crim.;Eric B Bass.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷23期2472-85页
Testing for genetic risks for venous thromboembolism (VTE) is common, but the safety and utility of such testing need review.
812. Interaction between the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR), stressful life events, and risk of depression: a meta-analysis.
作者: Neil Risch.;Richard Herrell.;Thomas Lehner.;Kung-Yee Liang.;Lindon Eaves.;Josephine Hoh.;Andrea Griem.;Maria Kovacs.;Jurg Ott.;Kathleen Ries Merikangas.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷23期2462-71页
Substantial resources are being devoted to identify candidate genes for complex mental and behavioral disorders through inclusion of environmental exposures following the report of an interaction between the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and stressful life events on an increased risk of major depression.
813. Corticosteroids in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock in adults: a systematic review.
作者: Djillali Annane.;Eric Bellissant.;Pierre-Edouard Bollaert.;Josef Briegel.;Marco Confalonieri.;Raffaele De Gaudio.;Didier Keh.;Yizhak Kupfer.;Michael Oppert.;G Umberto Meduri.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷22期2362-75页
The benefit of corticosteroids in severe sepsis and septic shock remains controversial.
814. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective clinical trials.
作者: John Koreth.;Richard Schlenk.;Kenneth J Kopecky.;Sumihisa Honda.;Jorge Sierra.;Benjamin J Djulbegovic.;Martha Wadleigh.;Daniel J DeAngelo.;Richard M Stone.;Hisashi Sakamaki.;Frederick R Appelbaum.;Hartmut Döhner.;Joseph H Antin.;Robert J Soiffer.;Corey Cutler.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷22期2349-61页
The optimal treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR1) is uncertain. Current consensus, based on cytogenetic risk, recommends myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) for poor-risk but not for good-risk AML. Allogeneic SCT, autologous transplantation, and consolidation chemotherapy are considered of equivalent benefit for intermediate-risk AML.
815. A 70-year-old woman with shingles: review of herpes zoster.
Herpes zoster is a common late complication of varicella-zoster virus exposure and can be further complicated by postherpetic neuralgia. Ms A is a 70-year-old woman with shingles and Ramsay-Hunt syndrome who presented to the emergency department with a few days of earache followed by pain in the back of her head. Using her case as a springboard, the diagnosis, natural history, and treatment of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in immunocompetent older adults are reviewed, in addition to the effectiveness of the herpes zoster vaccine.
816. Diabetes in Asia: epidemiology, risk factors, and pathophysiology.
作者: Juliana C N Chan.;Vasanti Malik.;Weiping Jia.;Takashi Kadowaki.;Chittaranjan S Yajnik.;Kun-Ho Yoon.;Frank B Hu.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷20期2129-40页
With increasing globalization and East-West exchanges, the increasing epidemic of type 2 diabetes in Asia has far-reaching public health and socioeconomic implications.
817. Cardiorespiratory fitness as a quantitative predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in healthy men and women: a meta-analysis.
作者: Satoru Kodama.;Kazumi Saito.;Shiro Tanaka.;Miho Maki.;Yoko Yachi.;Mihoko Asumi.;Ayumi Sugawara.;Kumiko Totsuka.;Hitoshi Shimano.;Yasuo Ohashi.;Nobuhiro Yamada.;Hirohito Sone.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷19期2024-35页
Epidemiological studies have indicated an inverse association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and coronary heart disease (CHD) or all-cause mortality in healthy participants.
818. Aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.
作者: Jeffrey S Berger.;Mori J Krantz.;John M Kittelson.;William R Hiatt.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷18期1909-19页
Randomized trials have shown that aspirin decreases the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with symptomatic coronary and cerebrovascular disease. Despite guideline recommendations for secondary prevention in peripheral artery disease (PAD), the effect of aspirin in this population is not well established.
819. Bed bugs (Cimex lectularius) and clinical consequences of their bites.
Bed bug (Cimex lectularius) infestations are rapidly increasing worldwide. Health consequences include nuisance biting and cutaneous and systemic reactions. The potential for bed bugs to serve as disease vectors and optimal methods for bed bug pest control and eradication are unclear.
820. Cancer survivors and unemployment: a meta-analysis and meta-regression.
作者: Angela G E M de Boer.;Taina Taskila.;Anneli Ojajärvi.;Frank J H van Dijk.;Jos H A M Verbeek.
来源: JAMA. 2009年301卷7期753-62页
Nearly half of adult cancer survivors are younger than 65 years, but the association of cancer survivorship with employment status is unknown.
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