Tisotumab vedotin (TV) holds promise for treating recurrence or metastatic cervical cancer (r/mCC), with recent FDA approval for second-line use in recurrent or metastatic cases. Our research aims to evaluate TV's efficacy and safety in these patients, focusing on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) outcomes.

Ocular adverse events (oAEs) are a class of adverse events associated with oxaliplatin that are realistically observed in real-world settings. Herein, we aim to describe the clinical characteristics of oAEs associated with oxaliplatin through a systematic review of case reports and to assess a potential safety signal.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) represents a clinical challenge, often necessitating multiple interventions to help mitigate against disease recurrence or airway obstruction. Multiple management strategies have been advocated by specialists regarding the management of RRP. However, the success rates and disease progression still vary widely. One promising treatment is bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibody, which had been initially introduced systemically. More recently, intralesional bevacizumab has become one of the newest arms in dealing with RRP. The aim of this study is to systematically review the literature on the effectiveness, applicability and usage of intralesional bevacizumab in the treatment of RRP.

Curcumin, the active ingredient in turmeric, is employed by numerous cancer patients to support conventional cancer therapy. This systematic review aims to summarize the existing clinical evidence and to provide an overview of the potential benefits and risks associated with curcumin supplementation.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and is considered a major public health problem. Despite the significant advances in cancer research, the conventional cancer treatment approaches often lead to serious side effects that affect the quality of life of cancer patients. Thus, searching for new alternatives for cancer treatment is crucial to minimize these problems. Chalcone-sulfonamide hybrids display a range of biological activities and have been widely investigated for their anticancer potential, being considered promising molecules for cancer treatment. This systematic review aimed to summarize the information available in the literature about the anticancer potential of chalcones-sulfonamides in vitro and in vivo and their mechanisms of action. Our analysis demonstrated that chalcones-sulfonamides have relevant cytotoxic potential against different cancer cell lines in vitro, especially against the human colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT-116. These molecules have also reduced tumor growth in vivo. Some chalcones-sulfonamides had improved cytotoxicity after chemical modification and could become more selective or even more potent than reference chemotherapeutics. The mechanisms underlying these effects demonstrated that chalcones-sulfonamides may lead to cell death by different pathways, predominantly via apoptosis or necroptosis. This review may encourage researchers to advance studies with chalcones-sulfonamides, especially to elucidate their mechanisms of action, contributing to the development of new alternatives to cancer treatment.

Cancer patients are prone to experiencing negative emotions such as anxiety and depression after receiving chemotherapy. Research has shown that acupressure may be beneficial in relieving the anxiety and depression caused by chemotherapy, but high-quality evidence is lacking. This study was designed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of acupressure for relieving chemotherapy-induced anxiety and depression.

Palonosetron, a second-generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (5-HT3RA), is more effective than first-generation 5-HT3RA. Several studies have investigated whether dexamethasone (DEX), when combined with palonosetron as a 5-HT3RA, can be spared in the delayed phase after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC). In this systematic review, we aimed to determine which between 1- and 3-day DEX administration, when combined with palonosetron, is more useful in patients receiving MEC.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have unequivocally established the therapeutic advantages of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with chemotherapy in the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Presently, numerous perioperative immunotherapy regimens centered around the integration of ICIs and chemotherapy have undergone clinical trials. Nonetheless, due to the absence of direct comparative RCTs among these treatment regimens, this study aims to employ Bayesian network meta-analysis to ascertain the optimal combination of ICIs and chemotherapy.

Introduction: Physical activity, as a promising complementary therapy, has shown considerable potential for reducing chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity (CTRCT) and enhancing cardiorespiratory function (CRF). This study aimed to systematically assess the effects of physical activity on CTRCT and CRF in various cancer survivors receiving chemotherapy. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. A literature search was conducted across 8 databases from inception to January 2024 and was limited to the English and Chinese languages. Statistical analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 17.0 software. Results: Sixteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the systematic review and 15 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Among various cancer survivors undergoing chemotherapy, physical activity markedly increased absolute oxygen uptake (VO2peak or VO2max; WMD = 292.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]:87.87 to 498.12, P = .005), with significant effects of subgroup analysis at 4 to 10 weeks (P = .02) or over 16 weeks (P < .01), moderate-to-high or high intensity training (both P < .0001), patients with breast cancer (P = .009) and reported CTRCT (P = .007); relative VO2peak or VO2max(WMD = 3.30, 95%CI: 2.02 to 4.58, P < .00001), with significant effects of subgroup analysis at 10 to 16 weeks or over 16 weeks, moderate-to-high or high intensity training, patients with breast cancer, with or without reported CTRCT and exercise during chemotherapy (all P < .01); E/A values (WMD = 0.11, 95%CI:0.03 to 0.18, P = .007) and flow-mediated dilatation (WMD = 2.71, 95%CI:1.49 to 3.94, P < .0001). Compared to the control group, physical activity had no significant improvement in E/e' values (P = .50), NT-proBNP (P = .12), hs-cTn (P = 3.83), left ventricular ejection fraction (WMD = 2.89, 95%CI: -3.28 to 9.06, P = .36) with non-significant effects being independent of exercise intensity or duration, with or without CTRCT and cancer types (all P > .05), and global longitudinal strain (WMD = 0.37, 95%CI: -0.20 to 0.94, P = .20) with non-significant effects being independent of exercise duration and cancer types(both P > .05). Conclusions: Physical activity may be an effective complementary therapy to improve CRF and CTRCT in various cancer survivors, particularly during medium to long duration and moderate-to-high and high intensity exercise with concurrent chemotherapy.

Canine malignant melanoma (CMM) is highly aggressive and mostly located in the oral cavity. CMM is the predominant type of canine oral malignancy and shows striking homologies with human mucosal melanoma. In comparative oncology, canine oral melanomas (COMs), as spontaneous tumor models, have the potential to acquire a unique value as a translational model of rare human melanoma subtypes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of targeted therapies for canine malignant melanoma and to enrich the field of comparative oncology. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across databases for studies from 1976 to April 2024. Studies were selected based on their relevance to targeted treatments. A total of 30 studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the treatment approaches, the studies were further categorized into immunotherapies, small molecule signaling inhibitors, indirect kinase inhibitors, and other alternative strategies. Some treatments have been shown to result in stable disease or partial response, accounting for 29% (monoclonal antibody) and 76.5% (micro-RNA therapies) in clinical trials. Moreover, in vitro experiments of small molecule inhibitors, including cell signaling inhibitors and indirect kinase inhibitors, have shown the potential to be an effective treatment option for the development of therapeutic strategies in canine malignant melanoma. The observed response in in vitro experiments of CMM (particularly the oral and certain cutaneous subtypes) to drugs used in the treatment of human melanoma underlines the resemblance to human melanoma, therefore supporting the notion that CMM may be a valuable model for understanding rare human melanoma subtypes and exploring potential therapeutic avenues in preclinical trials. Finally, this literature review serves as a valuable resource for the development of therapeutic strategies for CMM and highlights the potential for translating these findings to human cancer treatment.

Breast cancer patients experience various adverse symptoms during adjuvant chemotherapy. These adverse symptoms often form symptom clusters and have a negative impact on patients.

Renal (RC) and bladder cancers (BC) are common urological malignancies prevalent in the male population. Incidence and mortality rates are expected to increase in the near future. Drug toxicity and development of drug resistance in both diseases are major obstacles to achieve successful treatments. Chromenes are heterocyclic compounds constituted by a benzene ring fused to a pyran nucleus. Natural and synthetic chromene-based compounds have proven to be promising anticancer agents. Additionally, re-sensitization of cancer cells to classical treatments has also been demonstrated. Thus, the aim of this systematic review is to assess the potential of chromene-based compounds in the treatment of RC and BC. Study collection was performed in six different databases, to compile existing information on preclinical (in vitro and in vivo) and clinical studies developed to date. Overall, multiple chromene-based compounds showed potent anticancer effects, affecting several biological features such as reduction in cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and induction of cell cycle arrest and cell death. Tumor volume and weight were generally decreased in vivo upon chromene-based treatment. Modest results have been obtained in two clinical trials, with reports of a partial response and two objective responses in RC patients. Thus, the chromene family can be considered an attractive chemical scaffold, harboring promising drug candidates for RC and BC therapeutics.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) occasionally cause immune-related adverse events (AEs), which pose challenges to the continuation of treatment. Although ICIs are widely used in patients with cancer, studies reporting immune-mediated pancreatitis remain scarce.

The effects of aerobic exercise interventions for reducing fatigue after cancer treatment are well-established, and the effect of resistance training remains uncertain. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aim to analyze the effect of resistance training and combined resistance and endurance training on cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in breast cancer patients.

Several trials of perioperative immunotherapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) reported positive results. They were designed to adjuvant, neoadjuvant and sandwich (neoadjuvant plus adjuvant) immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy (CT). The differences between neoadjuvant and sandwich modalities were unclear.

Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) combined with chemotherapy has improved survival outcomes in locally-advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its impact on surgery has not been fully elucidated. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare surgical outcomes between neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy and chemotherapy alone in resectable NSCLC. PubMed and Embase were searched to select randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating neoadjuvant ICB therapy for resectable NSCLC. The risk difference (RD) and odds ratio (OR) of outcomes such as surgical and R0 resection rates, overall complication rates, treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), and AEs leading to cancellation of surgery were pooled using the random-effect model meta-analysis. We also evaluated the correlations between overall survival (OS) and surgical and safety outcomes. Eight RCTs with 3,387 patients were analyzed. Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy was associated with improved surgical resection (RD 4.52 %, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.95 %-8.09 %, p = 0.01) and R0 resection (RD 4.04 %, 95 % CI 1.69 %-6.40 %, p = 0.0008) without increasing overall complications (RD -0.13 %, 95 % CI -5.14 %-4.88 %, p = 0.96), but an increase in surgery cancellation due to AEs (RD 1.15 %, 95 % CI 0.25 %- 2.05 %; p = 0.01) and grade 3-4 TRAEs (RD 3.42 %, 95 % CI 0.33 %-6.52 %, p = 0.03). OS did not show a direct significant correlation with surgical outcomes or TRAEs. Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy improves resection rates but increases high-grade TRAEs and AEs leading to surgery cancellation. Nevertheless, incorporating ICB into neoadjuvant approach appears reasonable by improving surgical outcomes, potentially leading to improved survival in patients with locally-advanced NSCLC.

Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy has become the mainstay of treatment in many retinal diseases. The comparative efficacy and safety of newer bispecific anti-VEGF/angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) agents in the treatment paradigm versus widely used monospecific anti-VEGF agents remains unclear.

A multitude of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in both the initial and subsequent treatment settings for patients diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have provided clinical evidence supporting the efficacy of immunotherapy with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In light of these findings, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has authorized the use of several ICIs in specific subpopulations of mCRC patients. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of direct comparative RCTs evaluating various treatment options. Consequently, the most effective ICI therapeutic strategy for microsatellite-stable (MSS) subgroup and microsatellite instability (MSI) subgroup in the first- and second-line therapies remains undefined. To address this gap, the present study employs a Bayesian network meta-analysis to ascertain the most effective first- and second-line ICI therapeutic strategies.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, particularly when diagnosed at an unresectable stage. Traditional treatments for advanced HCC have limited efficacy, prompting the exploration of combination therapies. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combining PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with anti-angiogenic agents in patients with unresectable HCC.

The first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma has evolved significantly. This study aimed to identify the most beneficial regimen.