Treating chronic hepatitis C virus infection with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) results in a sustained virological response (SVR) in most cases, but hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can occur in some patients after achieving SVR. Thus, this study comprehensively assessed the risk factors associated with the development of HCC during long-term follow-up in patients who achieved SVR. Furthermore, we aimed to identify a group of patients without prior HCC treatment who are at extremely low risk for HCC long after achieving SVR.

Quantification of the human S100A8/S100A9 tetrameric protein complex in stool, referred to as fecal calprotectin, is an extensively validated biomarker supporting the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal diseases. Here, we studied the quaternary protein structures (termed configuration) of S100A8 and S100A9 and their biological function in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).

This research aimed to estimate the prognostic value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients receiving chemotherapy.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is one of the most common infections affecting humanity. As the level of development and socio-economic status of countries decreases, the prevalence of H. pylori infection increases. Although numerous H. pylori eradication regimens have been tested in recent years, the desired level of eradication success has not been achieved. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of alternative treatment protocols.

Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) following splenectomy in patients with Wilson’s disease (WD) complicated by portal hypertension adversely affects prognosis. Therefore, developing and validating an individualized nomogram to predict POPF risk is crucial.

One of the recommended protease inhibitor treatments for HIV is Atazanavir boosted with Ritonavir (ATV/r). However, hyperbilirubinemia is a well-recognized adverse effect of this therapy.

Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for advanced gastric cancer, but in recent years perioperative chemotherapy has been administered in an attempt to improve treatment results. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has illuminated the molecular landscape of gastric cancer. However, genomic changes before and after perioperative chemotherapy and the associated effects on treatment resistance remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify genomic change in gastric cancers treated with perioperative chemotherapy.

Studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) and the risk of acute pancreatitis (AP). In this study we aimed to determine whether ACEis and ARBs are associated with an increased risk of AP.

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) are chronic inflammatory diseases driven by eosinophil-predominant pathologic infiltration in the gastrointestinal tract. The nomenclature system divides EGIDs into eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and non-EoE EGIDs based on whether the inflammation is restricted to the esophagus or involves other gastrointestinal segments. EGIDs are rapidly becoming a focus in gastroenterology due to a continuous increase in incidence and prevalence rates during the past 30 years and no plateau observed to date, particularly for EoE. The evolving epidemiology of EGIDs has been associated with numerous early life and environmental risk factors. The understanding of the natural history of EGIDs has also matured in recent years, with identification of a progression from inflammation to remodelling with fibrosis in EoE and recognition of mucosal, muscle layer, and serosal involvement with a continuous, progressive, or relapsing/remitting course in non-EoE EGIDs. The landscape of pharmacologic treatment for EGIDs has also expanded considerably. Proton pump inhibitors, swallowed topical corticosteroids, elimination diets, and dupilumab are currently recommended for EoE. Systemic or topical corticosteroids, elimination diets, proton pump inhibitors, and some biologic agents have shown efficacy in non-EoE EGIDs, mainly in observational studies, and several novel agents designed for EGIDs are under investigation. The present review discusses recent advances in the epidemiology, natural history, and risk factors of EoE and non-EoE EGIDs. The review also presents an update of treatment strategies according to the latest clinical guidelines and provides an overview of knowledge gaps to inform future research directions.

CRISPR-Cas9 screening is a powerful tool for the in vivo discovery of cancer dependencies. The aim of this study was to perform in vivo CRISPR knockout screening for gastric tumor suppressors using gastric murine organoids in a subcutaneous as well as a surgical model of orthotopic tumor growth.

Acute pancreatitis is a rare but serious complication for pregnant women. Early identification of severity of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) is of great significance to the treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors and develop a novel model for predicting the prognosis of APIP patients.

Optimal antibiotic duration for diverticulitis managed without procedural source control is unknown. While antibiotic-sparing approaches in select patients are supported by high quality data, up to 24% experience treatment failure. Here we assess outcomes stratified by antibiotic duration in diverticulitis patients treated on an outpatient basis after an emergency department (ED) visit.

The aim of this study is to optimize Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication by increasing the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) dose and reducing the treatment duration of antibiotics without compromising the treatment's safety and efficacy.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome characterized by massive hepatocyte death and insufficient regenerative response. However, the epigenetic mechanisms that disturb the balance between cell death and regeneration remain largely unclear.