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41. Active Monitoring With or Without Endocrine Therapy for Low-Risk Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: The COMET Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: E Shelley Hwang.;Terry Hyslop.;Thomas Lynch.;Marc D Ryser.;Anna Weiss.;Anna Wolf.;Kelsey Norris.;Meredith Witten.;Lars Grimm.;Stuart Schnitt.;Sunil Badve.;Rachel Factor.;Elizabeth Frank.;Deborah Collyar.;Desiree Basila.;Donna Pinto.;Mark A Watson.;Robert West.;Louise Davies.;Jenny L Donovan.;Ayako Shimada.;Yutong Li.;Yan Li.;Antonia V Bennett.;Shoshana Rosenberg.;Jeffrey Marks.;Eric Winer.;Marc Boisvert.;Armando Giuliano.;Kelsey E Larson.;Kathleen Yost.;Priscilla F McAuliffe.;Amy Krie.;Nina Tamirisa.;Lisa A Carey.;Alastair M Thompson.;Ann H Partridge.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷11期972-980页
Active monitoring for low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast has been proposed as an alternative to guideline-concordant care, but the safety of this approach is unknown.
42. Early Restrictive vs Liberal Oxygen for Trauma Patients: The TRAUMOX2 Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Tobias Arleth.;Josefine Baekgaard.;Volkert Siersma.;Andreas Creutzburg.;Felicia Dinesen.;Oscar Rosenkrantz.;Johan Heiberg.;Dan Isbye.;Søren Mikkelsen.;Peter M Hansen.;Stine T Zwisler.;Søren Darling.;Louise B Petersen.;Maria C R Mørkeberg.;Mikkel Andersen.;Christian Fenger-Eriksen.;Peder T Bach.;Mark G Van Vledder.;Esther M M Van Lieshout.;Niki A Ottenhof.;Iscander M Maissan.;Dennis Den Hartog.;Wolf E Hautz.;Dominik A Jakob.;Manuela Iten.;Matthias Haenggi.;Roland Albrecht.;Jochen Hinkelbein.;Markus Klimek.;Lars S Rasmussen.;Jacob Steinmetz.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷6期479-489页
Early administration of supplemental oxygen for all severely injured trauma patients is recommended, but liberal oxygen treatment has been associated with increased risk of death and respiratory complications.
43. Electronic Sepsis Screening Among Patients Admitted to Hospital Wards: A Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial.
作者: Yaseen M Arabi.;Abdulmohsen Alsaawi.;Mohammed Alzahrani.;Ali M Al Khathaami.;Raed H AlHazme.;Abdullah Al Mutrafy.;Ali Al Qarni.;Ramesh Kumar Vishwakarma.;Rasha Al Anazi.;Eman Al Qasim.;Sheryl Ann Abdukahil.;Fawaz K Al-Rabeah.;Huda Al Ghamdi.;Abdulaleem Alatassi.;Hasan M Al-Dorzi.;Fahad Al-Hameed.;Razan Babakr.;Abdulaziz A Alghamdi.;Salih Bin Salih.;Ahmad Alharbi.;Mufareh Edah AlKatheri.;Hani Mustafa.;Saad Al-Qahtani.;Shaher Al Qahtani.;Nahar Alselaim.;Nabiha Tashkandi.;Ali H Alyami.;Zeyad Alyousef.;Omar AlDibasi.;Abdul Hadi Al-Qahtani.;Abdulaziz Aldawood.;Angela Caswell.;Nouf Al Ayadhi.;Hadeel Al Rehaili.;Ahmed Al Arfaj.;Hatami Al Mubarak.;Turki Alwasaidi.;Saleh Zahrani.;Yousef Alalawi.;Abdulrahman Alhadab.;Tariq Nasser.;Tagwa Omer.;Sameera M Al Johani.;Abdulaziz Alajlan.;Musharaf Sadat.;Mohammed Alzunitan.;Saad Al Mohrij.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷9期763-773页
Sepsis screening is recommended among hospitalized patients but is supported by limited evidence of effectiveness.
44. High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure: The RENOVATE Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: .;Israel S Maia.;Letícia Kawano-Dourado.;Lucas Tramujas.;Neymar Elias de Oliveira.;Rafael Naoki Souza.;Dhaisi Faustino Signorini.;Mariangela Pimentel Pincelli.;Cássio Luis Zandonai.;Regiane Tamires Blasius.;Fabrício Freires.;Vanessa Marques Ferreira.;Marcelo Luz Pereira Romano.;Mieko Claudia Miura.;Caroline Maschio de Censo.;Eliana Bernadete Caser.;Betania Silva.;Daniela Correia Santos Bonomo.;Jussara Alencar Arraes.;Meton Soares de Alencar Filho.;Jacques Gabriel Álvares Horta.;Déborah Campos Oliveira.;Emerson Boschi.;Rafael Lessa Costa.;Glauco Adrieno Westphal.;Juliano Ramos.;Fábio Holanda Lacerda.;Conrado Roberto Hoffmann Filho.;Bruno Valle Pinheiro.;Leonardo Bugarin de Andrade Neumamm.;Mário Roberto Rezende Guimarães Júnior.;Davi Tamamaru de Souza.;Juliana Carvalho Ferreira.;Louis Nakayama Ohe.;Daniel Almeida Schettini.;Marlus Muri Thompson.;Maria Cristina França de Oliveira.;Viviane Cordeiro Veiga.;Karina L Negrelli.;Renato H N Santos.;Lucas Damiani.;Rodrigo M Gurgel.;Samara P C Gomes.;Lucas M Lima.;Tamiris A Miranda.;Ligia N Laranjeira.;Pedro Gabriel Melo de Barros E Silva.;Flávia R Machado.;Mark Fitzgerald.;Anna Bosse.;Joe Marion.;Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Carvalho.;Laurent Brochard.;Roger J Lewis.;Alexandre Biasi Cavalcanti.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷10期875-890页
High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) are commonly used respiratory support therapies for patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).
45. Biomarker-Guided Antibiotic Duration for Hospitalized Patients With Suspected Sepsis: The ADAPT-Sepsis Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Paul Dark.;Anower Hossain.;Daniel F McAuley.;David Brealey.;Gordon Carlson.;Jonathan C Clayton.;Timothy W Felton.;Belinder K Ghuman.;Anthony C Gordon.;Thomas P Hellyer.;Nazir I Lone.;Uzma Manazar.;Gillian Richards.;Iain J McCullagh.;Ronan McMullan.;James J McNamee.;Hannah C McNeil.;Paul R Mouncey.;Micheal J Naisbitt.;Robert J Parker.;Ruth L Poole.;Anthony J Rostron.;Mervyn Singer.;Matt D Stevenson.;Tim S Walsh.;Ingeborg D Welters.;Tony Whitehouse.;Simon Whiteley.;Peter Wilson.;Keith K Young.;Gavin D Perkins.;Ranjit Lall.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷8期682-693页
For hospitalized critically ill adults with suspected sepsis, procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) monitoring protocols can guide the duration of antibiotic therapy, but the evidence of the effect and safety of these protocols remains uncertain.
49. Personalized Patient Data and Behavioral Nudges to Improve Adherence to Chronic Cardiovascular Medications: A Randomized Pragmatic Trial.
作者: P Michael Ho.;Thomas J Glorioso.;Larry A Allen.;Richard Blankenhorn.;Russell E Glasgow.;Gary K Grunwald.;Amber Khanna.;David J Magid.;Joel C Marrs.;Sylvie Novins-Montague.;Steven Orlando.;Pamela Peterson.;Mary E Plomondon.;Lisa M Sandy.;Joseph J Saseen.;Katy E Trinkley.;Shawni Vaughn.;Joy Waughtal.;Sheana Bull.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷1期49-59页
Poor medication adherence is common. Text messaging is increasingly used to change patient behavior but often not rigorously tested.
51. HepB-CpG vs HepB-Alum Vaccine in People With HIV and Prior Vaccine Nonresponse: The BEe-HIVe Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Kristen M Marks.;Minhee Kang.;Triin Umbleja.;Andrea Cox.;Karen J Vigil.;Ngan T Ta.;Ayotunde Omoz-Oarhe.;Hugo Perazzo.;Josphat Kosgei.;Timothy Hatlen.;Jennifer Price.;Leolin Katsidzira.;Khuanchai Supparatpinyo.;Kevin Knowles.;Beverly L Alston-Smith.;Parita Rathod.;Kenneth E Sherman.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷4期295-306页
Nonresponse to hepatitis B vaccine is common among people with HIV, resulting in vulnerability to infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV).
53. Intravenous Lidocaine for Gut Function Recovery in Colonic Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Hugh Paterson.;Thenmalar Vadiveloo.;Karen Innes.;Angie Balfour.;Marek Atter.;Andrew Stoddart.;Seonaidh Cotton.;Robert Arnott.;Lorna Aucott.;Zoe Batham.;Irwin Foo.;Graeme MacLennan.;Susan Nimmo.;Doug Speake.;John Norrie.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷1期39-48页
Despite the recovery advantages of minimally invasive surgical techniques, delayed return of gut function after colectomy is a common barrier to timely discharge from hospital.
55. Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair for Severe Isolated Tricuspid Regurgitation: The Tri.Fr Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Erwan Donal.;Julien Dreyfus.;Guillaume Leurent.;Augustin Coisne.;Pierre-Yves Leroux.;Anne Ganivet.;Catherine Sportouch.;Yoan Lavie-Badie.;Patrice Guerin.;Frédéric Rouleau.;Christelle Diakov.;Jan van der Heyden.;Stéphane Lafitte.;Jean-François Obadia.;Mohammed Nejjari.;Nicole Karam.;Anne Bernard.;Antoinette Neylon.;Romain Pierrard.;Didier Tchetche.;Said Ghostine.;Gregory Ducrocq.;Thiziri Si Moussi.;Antoine Jeu.;Marcel Peltier.;Bernard Cosyns.;Yvan Le Dolley.;Gilbert Habib.;Vincent Auffret.;Florent Le Ven.;François Picard.;Nicolas Piriou.;Thierry Laperche.;Elena Galli.;Sabina Istratoaie.;Jerome Jouan.;Guillaume Bonnet.;Pascal de Groote.;Amedeo Anselmi.;Jean-Noel Trochu.;Emmanuel Oger.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷2期124-132页
Correction of tricuspid regurgitation using tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (T-TEER) in addition to guideline-directed optimized medical therapy (OMT) may improve clinical outcomes.
56. Association of Severe Maternal Morbidity With Subsequent Birth.
作者: Eleni Tsamantioti.;Anna Sandström.;Charlotte Lindblad Wollmann.;Jonathan M Snowden.;Neda Razaz.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷2期133-142页
Women who experience severe maternal morbidity (SMM) might have lasting health issues, and the association of SMM with the probability of future reproductive intentions is unknown.
60. Zerlasiran-A Small-Interfering RNA Targeting Lipoprotein(a): A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Steven E Nissen.;Qiuqing Wang.;Stephen J Nicholls.;Ann Marie Navar.;Kausik K Ray.;Gregory G Schwartz.;Michael Szarek.;Erik S G Stroes.;Roland Troquay.;Jannick A N Dorresteijn.;Henry Fok.;David A Rider.;Steven Romano.;Kathy Wolski.;Curtis Rambaran.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷23期1992-2002页
Elevated lipoprotein(a) increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and aortic stenosis.
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