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41. Effect of Low-Dose Aspirin Versus Placebo on Incidence of Anemia in the Elderly : A Secondary Analysis of the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly Trial.
作者: Zoe K McQuilten.;Le Thi Phuong Thao.;Sant-Rayn Pasricha.;Andrew S Artz.;Michael Bailey.;Andrew T Chan.;Harvey Jay Cohen.;Jessica E Lockery.;Anne M Murray.;Mark R Nelson.;Hans G Schneider.;Rory Wolfe.;Robyn L Woods.;Erica M Wood.;John J McNeil.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷7期913-921页
Daily low-dose aspirin increases major bleeding; however, few studies have investigated its effect on iron deficiency and anemia.
42. Effects of Implementation of a Supervised Walking Program in Veterans Affairs Hospitals : A Stepped-Wedge, Cluster Randomized Trial.
作者: Susan N Hastings.;Karen M Stechuchak.;Ashley Choate.;Courtney Harold Van Houtven.;Kelli D Allen.;Virginia Wang.;Cathleen Colón-Emeric.;George L Jackson.;Teresa M Damush.;Cassie Meyer.;Caitlin B Kappler.;Helen Hoenig.;Nina Sperber.;Cynthia J Coffman.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷6期743-750页
In trials, hospital walking programs have been shown to improve functional ability after discharge, but little evidence exists about their effectiveness under routine practice conditions.
43. Association of Low-Dose Colchicine With Incidence of Knee and Hip Replacements : Exploratory Analyses From a Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Trial.
作者: Michelle W J Heijman.;Aernoud T L Fiolet.;Arend Mosterd.;Jan G P Tijssen.;Bart J F van den Bemt.;Astrid Schut.;John W Eikelboom.;Peter L Thompson.;Cornelia H M van den Ende.;Stefan M Nidorf.;Calin D Popa.;Jan H Cornel.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷6期737-742页
Osteoarthritis is a major contributor to pain and disability worldwide. Given that inflammation plays an important role in the development of osteoarthritis, anti-inflammatory drugs may slow disease progression.
44. Population-Wide Screening for Chronic Kidney Disease : A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
作者: Marika M Cusick.;Rebecca L Tisdale.;Glenn M Chertow.;Douglas K Owens.;Jeremy D Goldhaber-Fiebert.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷6期788-797页
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have the potential to alter the natural history of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and they should be included in cost-effectiveness analyses of screening for CKD.
45. Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Cash Transfers on Older Persons Living Alone in India : A Randomized Trial.
作者: Madeline McKelway.;Abhijit Banerjee.;Erin Grela.;Frank Schilbach.;Miriam Sequeira.;Garima Sharma.;Girija Vaidyanathan.;Esther Duflo.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷5期632-641页
A growing number of older persons in developing countries live entirely alone and are physically, mentally, and financially vulnerable.
46. Hypotension-Avoidance Versus Hypertension-Avoidance Strategies in Noncardiac Surgery : An International Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Maura Marcucci.;Thomas W Painter.;David Conen.;Vladimir Lomivorotov.;Daniel I Sessler.;Matthew T V Chan.;Flavia K Borges.;Kate Leslie.;Emmanuelle Duceppe.;María José Martínez-Zapata.;Chew Yin Wang.;Denis Xavier.;Sandra N Ofori.;Michael Ke Wang.;Sergey Efremov.;Giovanni Landoni.;Ydo V Kleinlugtenbelt.;Wojciech Szczeklik.;Denis Schmartz.;Amit X Garg.;Timothy G Short.;Maria Wittmann.;Christian S Meyhoff.;Mohammed Amir.;David Torres.;Ameen Patel.;Kurt Ruetzler.;Joel L Parlow.;Vikas Tandon.;Edith Fleischmann.;Carisi A Polanczyk.;Andre Lamy.;Raja Jayaram.;Sergey V Astrakov.;William Ka Kei Wu.;Chao Chia Cheong.;Sabry Ayad.;Mikhail Kirov.;Miriam de Nadal.;Valery V Likhvantsev.;Pilar Paniagua.;Hector J Aguado.;Kamal Maheshwari.;Richard P Whitlock.;Michael H McGillion.;Jessica Vincent.;Ingrid Copland.;Kumar Balasubramanian.;Bruce M Biccard.;Sadeesh Srinathan.;Samandar Ismoilov.;Shirley Pettit.;David Stillo.;Andrea Kurz.;Emilie P Belley-Côté.;Jessica Spence.;William F McIntyre.;Shrikant I Bangdiwala.;Gordon Guyatt.;Salim Yusuf.;P J Devereaux.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷5期605-614页
Among patients having noncardiac surgery, perioperative hemodynamic abnormalities are associated with vascular complications. Uncertainty remains about what intraoperative blood pressure to target and how to manage long-term antihypertensive medications perioperatively.
47. Oral Fluvoxamine With Inhaled Budesonide for Treatment of Early-Onset COVID-19 : A Randomized Platform Trial.
作者: Gilmar Reis.;Eduardo Augusto Dos Santos Moreira Silva.;Daniela Carla Medeiros Silva.;Lehana Thabane.;Vitoria Helena de Souza Campos.;Thiago Santiago Ferreira.;Castilho Vitor Quirino Dos Santos.;Ana Maria Ribeiro Nogueira.;Ana Paula Figueiredo Guimaraes Almeida.;Leonardo Cançado Monteiro Savassi.;Adhemar Dias de Figueiredo Neto.;Carina Bitarães.;Aline Cruz Milagres.;Eduardo Diniz Callegari.;Maria Izabel Campos Simplicio.;Luciene Barra Ribeiro.;Rosemary Oliveira.;Ofir Harari.;Lindsay A Wilson.;Jamie I Forrest.;Hinda Ruton.;Sheila Sprague.;Paula McKay.;Christina M Guo.;Gordon H Guyatt.;Craig R Rayner.;David R Boulware.;Nicole Ezer.;Todd C Lee.;Emily Gibson McDonald.;Mona Bafadhel.;Christopher Butler.;Josue Rodrigues Silva.;Mark Dybul.;Edward J Mills.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷5期667-675页
Previous trials have demonstrated the effects of fluvoxamine alone and inhaled budesonide alone for prevention of disease progression among outpatients with COVID-19.
48. Safety and Efficacy of Combination SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Amubarvimab Plus Romlusevimab in Nonhospitalized Patients With COVID-19.
作者: Teresa H Evering.;Kara W Chew.;Mark J Giganti.;Carlee Moser.;Mauricio Pinilla.;David Alain Wohl.;Judith S Currier.;Joseph J Eron.;Arzhang Cyrus Javan.;Rachel Bender Ignacio.;David Margolis.;Qing Zhu.;Ji Ma.;Lijie Zhong.;Li Yan.;Ulises D'Andrea Nores.;Keila Hoover.;Bharat Mocherla.;Manish C Choudhary.;Rinki Deo.;Justin Ritz.;William A Fischer.;Courtney V Fletcher.;Jonathan Z Li.;Michael D Hughes.;Davey Smith.;Eric S Daar.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷5期658-666页
Development of safe and effective SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics is a high priority. Amubarvimab and romlusevimab are noncompeting anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies with an extended half-life.
49. Evolving Real-World Effectiveness of Monoclonal Antibodies for Treatment of COVID-19 : A Cohort Study.
作者: Kevin E Kip.;Erin K McCreary.;Kevin Collins.;Tami E Minnier.;Graham M Snyder.;William Garrard.;Jeffrey C McKibben.;Donald M Yealy.;Christopher W Seymour.;David T Huang.;J Ryan Bariola.;Mark Schmidhofer.;Richard J Wadas.;Derek C Angus.;Paula L Kip.;Oscar C Marroquin.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷4期496-504页
Treatment guidelines and U.S. Food and Drug Administration emergency use authorizations (EUAs) of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for treatment of high-risk outpatients with mild to moderate COVID-19 changed frequently as different SARS-CoV-2 variants emerged.
50. Facilitating Shared Decision Making Among Black Patients at Risk for Sudden Cardiac Arrest : A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Kevin L Thomas.;Sana M Al-Khatib.;Andrzej S Kosinski.;Samuel F Sears.;Nancy M Allen LaPointe.;Larry R Jackson.;Daniel D Matlock.;Daniel Haithcock.;B Judson Colley.;David S Hirsh.;Eric D Peterson.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷5期615-623页
Racial disparities in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation are multifactorial and are partly explained by higher refusal rates.
51. Effect of Thromboprophylaxis on Clinical Outcomes After COVID-19 Hospitalization.
作者: Tracy Y Wang.;Abdus S Wahed.;Alison Morris.;Lisa Baumann Kreuziger.;John G Quigley.;Gervasio A Lamas.;Alexandra J Weissman.;Jose Lopez-Sendon.;M Margaret Knudson.;Deborah M Siegal.;Raj S Kasthuri.;Andrew J Alexander.;Lana Wahid.;Bassel Atassi.;Peter J Miller.;Janice W Lawson.;Bela Patel.;Jerry A Krishnan.;Nancy L Shapiro.;Deborah E Martin.;Andrei L Kindzelski.;Eric S Leifer.;Jungnam Joo.;Lingyun Lyu.;Annie Pennella.;Brendan M Everett.;Mark W Geraci.;Kevin J Anstrom.;Thomas L Ortel.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷4期515-523页
Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 have an increased incidence of thromboembolism. The role of extended thromboprophylaxis after hospital discharge is unclear.
52. Comparison of Over-the-Scope Clips to Standard Endoscopic Treatment as the Initial Treatment in Patients With Bleeding From a Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Cause : A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: James Y W Lau.;Rui Li.;Chen-Huan Tan.;Xiu-Jing Sun.;Hao-Jun Song.;Lan Li.;Feng Ji.;Bu-Jiang Wang.;Dong-Tao Shi.;Wai K Leung.;Imogen Hartley.;Alan Moss.;Karina Y Y Yu.;Bing Y Suen.;Peng Li.;Francis K L Chan.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷4期455-462页
Current endoscopic methods in the control of acute nonvariceal bleeding have a small but clinically significant failure rate. The role of over-the-scope clips (OTSCs) as the first treatment has not been defined.
53. Cold Versus Hot Snare Polypectomy for Small Colorectal Polyps : A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Li-Chun Chang.;Chi-Yang Chang.;Chi-Yi Chen.;Cheng-Hao Tseng.;Peng-Jen Chen.;Chia-Tung Shun.;Wen-Feng Hsu.;Yen-Nien Chen.;Chieh-Chang Chen.;Tien-Yu Huang.;Chia-Hung Tu.;Mei-Jyh Chen.;Chu-Kuang Chou.;Ching-Tai Lee.;Po-Yueh Chen.;Ming-Shiang Wu.;Han-Mo Chiu.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷3期311-319页
Although cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is considered effective in reducing delayed postpolypectomy bleeding risk, direct evidence supporting its safety in the general population remains lacking.
54. High- Versus Low-Dose Exercise Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis : A Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial.
作者: Tom Arild Torstensen.;Håvard Østerås.;Riccardo LoMartire.;Georg Mørtvedt Rugelbak.;Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas Grooten.;Björn Olov Äng.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷2期154-165页
The benefits of exercise in patients with knee osteoarthritis are well documented, but the optimal exercise dose remains unknown.
55. Effectiveness of an Intervention to Improve Decision Making for Older Patients With Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease : A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Keren Ladin.;Hocine Tighiouart.;Olivia Bronzi.;Susan Koch-Weser.;John B Wong.;Sarah Levine.;Arushi Agarwal.;Lucy Ren.;Jack Degnan.;Lexi N Sewall.;Brianna Kuramitsu.;Patrick Fox.;Elisa J Gordon.;Tamara Isakova.;Dena Rifkin.;Ana Rossi.;Daniel E Weiner.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷1期29-38页
Older patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) face difficult decisions about managing kidney failure, frequently experiencing decisional conflict, regret, and treatment misaligned with preferences.
56. Effect of Calorie-Unrestricted Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet Versus High-Carbohydrate, Low-Fat Diet on Type 2 Diabetes and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease : A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Camilla Dalby Hansen.;Eva-Marie Gram-Kampmann.;Johanne Kragh Hansen.;Mie Balle Hugger.;Bjørn Stæhr Madsen.;Jane Møller Jensen.;Sara Olesen.;Nikolaj Torp.;Ditlev Nytoft Rasmussen.;Maria Kjærgaard.;Stine Johansen.;Katrine Prier Lindvig.;Peter Andersen.;Katrine Holtz Thorhauge.;Jan Christian Brønd.;Pernille Hermann.;Henning Beck-Nielsen.;Sönke Detlefsen.;Torben Hansen.;Kurt Højlund.;Maja Sofie Thiele.;Mads Israelsen.;Aleksander Krag.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷1期10-21页
It remains unclear if a low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet is a possible treatment strategy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been investigated.
57. Comparative Effectiveness of Team-Based Care With and Without a Clinical Decision Support System for Diabetes Management : A Cluster Randomized Trial.
作者: Xiulin Shi.;Jiang He.;Mingzhu Lin.;Changqin Liu.;Bing Yan.;Haiqu Song.;Caihong Wang.;Fangsen Xiao.;Peiying Huang.;Liying Wang.;Zhibin Li.;Yinxiang Huang.;Mulin Zhang.;Chung-Shiuan Chen.;Katherine Obst.;Lizheng Shi.;Weihua Li.;Shuyu Yang.;Guanhua Yao.;Xuejun Li.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷1期49-58页
Uncontrolled hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension are common in persons with diabetes.
58. Effects of Dapagliflozin on Hospitalizations in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease : A Post Hoc Analysis of DAPA-CKD.
作者: Meir Schechter.;Niels Jongs.;Glenn M Chertow.;Ofri Mosenzon.;John J V McMurray.;Ricardo Correa-Rotter.;Peter Rossing.;Anna Maria Langkilde.;C David Sjöström.;Robert D Toto.;David C Wheeler.;Hiddo J L Heerspink.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷1期59-66页
Acute hospitalizations are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and often lead to decreases in health-related quality of life and increased care costs.
59. Medical Masks Versus N95 Respirators for Preventing COVID-19 Among Health Care Workers : A Randomized Trial.
作者: Mark Loeb.;Amy Bartholomew.;Madiha Hashmi.;Wadea Tarhuni.;Mohamed Hassany.;Ilan Youngster.;Ranjani Somayaji.;Oscar Larios.;Joseph Kim.;Bayan Missaghi.;Joseph V Vayalumkal.;Dominik Mertz.;Zain Chagla.;Maureen Cividino.;Karim Ali.;Sarah Mansour.;Lana A Castellucci.;Charles Frenette.;Leighanne Parkes.;Mark Downing.;Matthew Muller.;Verne Glavin.;Jennifer Newton.;Ravi Hookoom.;Jerome A Leis.;James Kinross.;Stephanie Smith.;Sayem Borhan.;Pardeep Singh.;Eleanor Pullenayegum.;John Conly.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷12期1629-1638页
It is uncertain if medical masks offer similar protection against COVID-19 compared with N95 respirators.
60. Total Ankle Replacement Versus Arthrodesis for End-Stage Ankle Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Andrew J Goldberg.;Kashfia Chowdhury.;Ekaterina Bordea.;Iva Hauptmannova.;James Blackstone.;Deirdre Brooking.;Elizabeth L Deane.;Stephen Bendall.;Andrew Bing.;Chris Blundell.;Sunil Dhar.;Andrew Molloy.;Steve Milner.;Mike Karski.;Steve Hepple.;Malik Siddique.;David T Loveday.;Viren Mishra.;Paul Cooke.;Paul Halliwell.;David Townshend.;Simon S Skene.;Caroline J Doré.; .;Rick Brown.;Michael Butler.;Carolyn Chadwick.;Tim Clough.;Nick Cullen.;Mark Davies.;Howard Davies.;Bill Harries.;Michael Khoo.;Nilesh Makwana.;An Murty.;Ali Najefi.;Paul O'Donnell.;Martin Raglan.;Rhys Thomas.;Paulo Torres.;Matthew Welck.;Ian Winson.;Razi Zaidi.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2022年175卷12期1648-1657页
End-stage ankle osteoarthritis causes severe pain and disability. There are no randomized trials comparing the 2 main surgical treatments: total ankle replacement (TAR) and ankle fusion (AF).
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