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522. Screening for Gynecologic Conditions With Pelvic Examination: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
作者: .;Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo.;David C Grossman.;Susan J Curry.;Michael J Barry.;Karina W Davidson.;Chyke A Doubeni.;John W Epling.;Francisco A R García.;Alex R Kemper.;Alex H Krist.;Ann E Kurth.;C Seth Landefeld.;Carol M Mangione.;William R Phillips.;Maureen G Phipps.;Michael Silverstein.;Melissa Simon.;Albert L Siu.;Chien-Wen Tseng.
来源: JAMA. 2017年317卷9期947-953页
Many conditions that can affect women's health are often evaluated through pelvic examination. Although the pelvic examination is a common part of the physical examination, it is unclear whether performing screening pelvic examinations in asymptomatic women has a significant effect on disease morbidity and mortality.
523. Periodic Screening Pelvic Examination: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Recent changes in the periodicity of cervical cancer screening have led to questions about the role of screening pelvic examinations among asymptomatic women.
525. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Daniel E Jonas.;Halle R Amick.;Cynthia Feltner.;Rachel Palmieri Weber.;Marina Arvanitis.;Alexander Stine.;Linda Lux.;Russell P Harris.
来源: JAMA. 2017年317卷4期415-433页
Many adverse health outcomes are associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
526. Folic Acid Supplementation for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
作者: .;Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo.;David C Grossman.;Susan J Curry.;Karina W Davidson.;John W Epling.;Francisco A R García.;Alex R Kemper.;Alex H Krist.;Ann E Kurth.;C Seth Landefeld.;Carol M Mangione.;William R Phillips.;Maureen G Phipps.;Michael P Pignone.;Michael Silverstein.;Chien-Wen Tseng.
来源: JAMA. 2017年317卷2期183-189页
Neural tube defects are among the most common major congenital anomalies in the United States and may lead to a range of disabilities or death. Daily folic acid supplementation in the periconceptional period can prevent neural tube defects. However, most women do not receive the recommended daily intake of folate from diet alone.
527. Folic Acid Supplementation for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: An Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Meera Viswanathan.;Katherine A Treiman.;Julia Kish-Doto.;Jennifer C Middleton.;Emmanuel J L Coker-Schwimmer.;Wanda K Nicholson.
来源: JAMA. 2017年317卷2期190-203页
Neural tube defects are among the most common congenital anomalies in the United States. Periconceptional folic acid supplementation is a primary care-relevant preventive intervention.
528. New-Onset Seizure in Adults and Adolescents: A Review.
Approximately 8% to 10% of the population will experience a seizure during their lifetime. Only about 2% to 3% of patients go on to develop epilepsy. Understanding the underlying etiology leading to an accurate diagnosis is necessary to ensure appropriate treatment and that patients with low risk for recurrence are not treated unnecessarily.
529. Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes: An Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Cynthia Feltner.;Catherine Grodensky.;Charles Ebel.;Jennifer C Middleton.;Russell P Harris.;Mahima Ashok.;Daniel E Jonas.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷23期2531-2543页
Genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection. Vertical transmission of HSV can lead to fetal morbidity and mortality.
530. Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
作者: .;Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo.;David C Grossman.;Susan J Curry.;Karina W Davidson.;John W Epling.;Francisco A R García.;Alex R Kemper.;Alex H Krist.;Ann E Kurth.;C Seth Landefeld.;Carol M Mangione.;William R Phillips.;Maureen G Phipps.;Michael P Pignone.;Michael Silverstein.;Chien-Wen Tseng.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷23期2525-2530页
Genital herpes is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection in the United States, occurring in almost 1 in 6 persons aged 14 to 49 years. Infection is caused by 2 subtypes of the herpes simplex virus (HSV), HSV-1 and HSV-2. Antiviral medications may provide symptomatic relief from outbreaks but do not cure HSV infection. Neonatal herpes infection, while uncommon, can result in substantial morbidity and mortality.
531. Association Between Learning Environment Interventions and Medical Student Well-being: A Systematic Review.
作者: Lauren T Wasson.;Amberle Cusmano.;Laura Meli.;Irene Louh.;Louise Falzon.;Meghan Hampsey.;Geoffrey Young.;Jonathan Shaffer.;Karina W Davidson.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷21期2237-2252页
Concerns exist about the current quality of undergraduate medical education and its effect on students' well-being.
532. Prevalence of Depression, Depressive Symptoms, and Suicidal Ideation Among Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Lisa S Rotenstein.;Marco A Ramos.;Matthew Torre.;J Bradley Segal.;Michael J Peluso.;Constance Guille.;Srijan Sen.;Douglas A Mata.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷21期2214-2236页
Medical students are at high risk for depression and suicidal ideation. However, the prevalence estimates of these disorders vary between studies.
533. Screening for Colorectal Cancer and Evolving Issues for Physicians and Patients: A Review.
作者: David Lieberman.;Uri Ladabaum.;Marcia Cruz-Correa.;Carla Ginsburg.;John M Inadomi.;Lawrence S Kim.;Francis M Giardiello.;Richard C Wender.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷20期2135-2145页
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Screening can reduce CRC mortality and incidence, and numerous screening options, although available, complicate informed decision making. This review provides evidence-based tools for primary care physicians to identify patients with higher-than-average-risk and engage patients in informed decision making about CRC screening options.
534. Association Between Palliative Care and Patient and Caregiver Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Dio Kavalieratos.;Jennifer Corbelli.;Di Zhang.;J Nicholas Dionne-Odom.;Natalie C Ernecoff.;Janel Hanmer.;Zachariah P Hoydich.;Dara Z Ikejiani.;Michele Klein-Fedyshin.;Camilla Zimmermann.;Sally C Morton.;Robert M Arnold.;Lucas Heller.;Yael Schenker.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷20期2104-2114页
The use of palliative care programs and the number of trials assessing their effectiveness have increased.
535. Prevalence and Prognostic Implications of Coronary Artery Calcification in Low-Risk Women: A Meta-analysis.
作者: Maryam Kavousi.;Chintan S Desai.;Colby Ayers.;Roger S Blumenthal.;Matthew J Budoff.;Amir-Abbas Mahabadi.;M Arfan Ikram.;Aad van der Lugt.;Albert Hofman.;Raimund Erbel.;Amit Khera.;Marie H Geisel.;Karl-Heinz Jöckel.;Nils Lehmann.;Udo Hoffmann.;Christopher J O'Donnell.;Joseph M Massaro.;Kiang Liu.;Stefan Möhlenkamp.;Hongyan Ning.;Oscar H Franco.;Philip Greenland.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷20期2126-2134页
The role of coronary artery calcium (CAC) testing for guiding preventive strategies among women at low cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk based on the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association CVD prevention guidelines is unclear.
536. Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
作者: .;Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo.;David C Grossman.;Susan J Curry.;Karina W Davidson.;John W Epling.;Francisco A R García.;Matthew W Gillman.;Alex R Kemper.;Alex H Krist.;Ann E Kurth.;C Seth Landefeld.;Michael L LeFevre.;Carol M Mangione.;William R Phillips.;Douglas K Owens.;Maureen G Phipps.;Michael P Pignone.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷19期1997-2007页
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, accounting for 1 of every 3 deaths among adults.
537. Statins for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Roger Chou.;Tracy Dana.;Ian Blazina.;Monica Daeges.;Thomas L Jeanne.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷19期2008-2024页
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States, may be potentially preventable with statin therapy.
538. Primary Care Interventions to Support Breastfeeding: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
作者: .;Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo.;David C Grossman.;Susan J Curry.;Karina W Davidson.;John W Epling.;Francisco A R García.;Alex R Kemper.;Alex H Krist.;Ann E Kurth.;C Seth Landefeld.;Carol M Mangione.;William R Phillips.;Maureen G Phipps.;Michael P Pignone.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷16期1688-1693页
There is convincing evidence that breastfeeding provides substantial health benefits for children. However, nearly half of all US mothers who initially breastfeed stop doing so by 6 months, and there are significant disparities in breastfeeding rates among younger mothers and in disadvantaged communities.
539. Primary Care Interventions to Support Breastfeeding: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Carrie D Patnode.;Michelle L Henninger.;Caitlyn A Senger.;Leslie A Perdue.;Evelyn P Whitlock.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷16期1694-1705页
Although 80% of infants in the United States start breastfeeding, only 22% are exclusively breastfed up to around 6 months as recommended by a number of professional organizations.
540. Clinical Practice Guidelines From the AABB: Red Blood Cell Transfusion Thresholds and Storage.
作者: Jeffrey L Carson.;Gordon Guyatt.;Nancy M Heddle.;Brenda J Grossman.;Claudia S Cohn.;Mark K Fung.;Terry Gernsheimer.;John B Holcomb.;Lewis J Kaplan.;Louis M Katz.;Nikki Peterson.;Glenn Ramsey.;Sunil V Rao.;John D Roback.;Aryeh Shander.;Aaron A R Tobian.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷19期2025-2035页
More than 100 million units of blood are collected worldwide each year, yet the indication for red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and the optimal length of RBC storage prior to transfusion are uncertain.
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