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501. A randomised controlled trial of endoscopic sphincterotomy in acute cholangitis without common bile duct stones.
Biliary decompression with endoscopic sphincterotomy (EPT) is beneficial in patients with biliary obstruction due to common bile duct (CBD) stones. However, it is not known whether EPT with decompression of the bile duct is beneficial in patients with acute cholangitis and gall bladder stones but without evidence of CBD stones.
502. Role of nitric oxide in the gastric accommodation reflex and in meal induced satiety in humans.
In humans, impaired gastric accommodation is associated with early satiety and weight loss. In animals, accommodation involves activation of gastric nitrergic neurones. Our aim was to study involvement of nitric oxide in gastric accommodation and in meal induced satiety in humans.
503. Role of nitric oxide in gastric motor and sensory functions in healthy subjects.
作者: S D Kuiken.;M Vergeer.;S H Heisterkamp.;G N J Tytgat.;G E E Boeckxstaens.
来源: Gut. 2002年51卷2期212-8页
Impaired accommodation and hypersensitivity to distension of the proximal stomach are considered to be important factors in the pathogenesis of dyspeptic complaints. As fundus relaxing agents may be effective in the treatment of these symptoms, insight into the mediators involved in fundic accommodation and associated perceptual responses is important. Therefore, we studied the effect of nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibition by N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) on fundic tone, postprandial sensations, and gastric perception in healthy volunteers.
504. Effect of folate supplementation on mucosal cell proliferation in high risk patients for colon cancer.
Intracellular folate deficiency has been implicated in colonic carcinogenesis in epidemiological studies and animal and human cancer models. Our aim was to determine the effect of folate supplementation on patients with recurrent adenomatous polyps using rectal mucosal cell proliferation as a biomarker.
505. Obesity and colorectal cancer risk in women.
Several large studies of obesity and colorectal cancer risk have found no association among women but a reasonably consistent positive association among men. In women, a positive association that is stronger among, or limited to, those who are premenopausal has been suggested by studies that stratified analyses by age, although no previous study has examined the association by menopausal status.
506. Fat composition may be a clue to explain the primary therapeutic effect of enteral nutrition in Crohn's disease: results of a double blind randomised multicentre European trial.
作者: M A Gassull.;F Fernández-Bañares.;E Cabré.;M Papo.;M H Giaffer.;J L Sánchez-Lombraña.;C Richart.;H Malchow.;F González-Huix.;M Esteve.; .
来源: Gut. 2002年51卷2期164-8页
Dietary fat has been suggested to determine the therapeutic effect of enteral diets in Crohn's disease.
507. Aberrant composition of gut microbiota of allergic infants: a target of bifidobacterial therapy at weaning?
Recent data have outlined a relationship between the composition of the intestinal microflora and allergic inflammation, and demonstrated the competence of probiotics in downregulation of such inflammation.
508. Double blind, placebo controlled trial of the remission inducing and steroid sparing properties of an ICAM-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide, alicaforsen (ISIS 2302), in active steroid dependent Crohn's disease.
作者: B R Yacyshyn.;W Y Chey.;J Goff.;B Salzberg.;R Baerg.;A L Buchman.;J Tami.;R Yu.;E Gibiansky.;W R Shanahan.; .
来源: Gut. 2002年51卷1期30-6页
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide alicaforsen (ISIS 2302) in Crohn's disease.
509. A randomised, double blind, placebo controlled study of celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, on duodenal polyposis in familial adenomatous polyposis.
作者: R K S Phillips.;M H Wallace.;P M Lynch.;E Hawk.;G B Gordon.;B P Saunders.;N Wakabayashi.;Y Shen.;S Zimmerman.;L Godio.;M Rodrigues-Bigas.;L-K Su.;J Sherman.;G Kelloff.;B Levin.;G Steinbach.; .
来源: Gut. 2002年50卷6期857-60页
Non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) inhibit large bowel carcinogenesis in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Their role in the duodenum of these patients is less certain. The disease modifying activity of specific COX-2 inhibitors has not been explored in humans.
510. Effect of faecal occult blood screening on mortality from colorectal cancer: results from a randomised controlled trial.
Three large randomised trials have shown that screening for colorectal cancer using faecal occult blood (FOB) tests can reduce the mortality from this disease. Two national pilot studies have recently been launched in the UK to investigate the feasibility of population screening for colorectal cancer in the National Health Service. The largest of the randomised trials was conducted in Nottingham and randomised 152 850 individuals between the ages of 45 and 74 years to receive biennial Haemoccult (FOB) test kit (intervention group) or to a control group.
511. Effect of sildenafil on oesophageal motor function in healthy subjects and patients with oesophageal motor disorders.
作者: A J Eherer.;I Schwetz.;H F Hammer.;T Petnehazy.;S J Scheidl.;K Weber.;G J Krejs.
来源: Gut. 2002年50卷6期758-64页
Sildenafil blocks phosphodiesterase type 5 which degrades nitric oxide (NO) stimulated 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), thereby relaxing smooth muscle cells in various organs. We used sildenafil as a tool to investigate the role of the NO-cGMP pathway in the oesophagus of healthy volunteers and patients with hypercontractile oesophageal motility disorders.
512. NORCCAP (Norwegian colorectal cancer prevention): a randomised trial to assess the safety and efficacy of carbon dioxide versus air insufflation in colonoscopy.
作者: M Bretthauer.;E Thiis-Evensen.;G Huppertz-Hauss.;L Gisselsson.;T Grotmol.;E Skovlund.;G Hoff.
来源: Gut. 2002年50卷5期604-7页
To eliminate the risk of combustion during electrosurgical procedures and to reduce patient discomfort, carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation has been recommended during colonoscopy. However, air insufflation is still the standard method, perhaps due to the lack of suitable equipment and shortage of randomised studies.
513. Photodynamic therapy for cancer of the pancreas.
作者: S G Bown.;A Z Rogowska.;D E Whitelaw.;W R Lees.;L B Lovat.;P Ripley.;L Jones.;P Wyld.;A Gillams.;A W R Hatfield.
来源: Gut. 2002年50卷4期549-57页
Few pancreatic cancers are suitable for surgery and few respond to chemoradiation. Photodynamic therapy produces local necrosis of tissue with light after prior administration of a photosensitising agent, and in experimental studies can be tolerated by the pancreas and surrounding normal tissue.
514. Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide on motility and sensation of the proximal stomach in humans.
Glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide (GLP-1) retards gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and inhibits antroduodenal and stimulates pyloric motility.
515. No harm from five year ingestion of oats in coeliac disease.
作者: E K Janatuinen.;T A Kemppainen.;R J K Julkunen.;V-M Kosma.;M Mäki.;M Heikkinen.;M I J Uusitupa.
来源: Gut. 2002年50卷3期332-5页
Six to 12 months of ingestion of moderate amounts of oats does not have a harmful effect in adult patients with coeliac disease. As the safety of long term intake of oats in coeliac patients is not known, we continued our previous 6-12 month study for five years.
516. Prediction of therapeutic failure after adrenaline injection plus heater probe treatment in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer.
作者: S K H Wong.;L-M Yu.;J Y W Lau.;Y-H Lam.;A C W Chan.;E K W Ng.;J J Y Sung.;S C S Chung.
来源: Gut. 2002年50卷3期322-5页
Continued or recurrent bleeding after endoscopic treatment for bleeding ulcer is a major adverse prognostic factor. Identification of such ulcers may allow for alternate treatments.
517. Laser augmented by brachytherapy versus laser alone in the palliation of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and cardia: a randomised study.
作者: G M Spencer.;S M Thorpe.;G M Blackman.;J Solano.;J S Tobias.;L B Lovat.;S G Bown.
来源: Gut. 2002年50卷2期224-7页
Many patients with advanced malignant dysphagia are not suitable for definitive treatment. The best option for palliation of dysphagia varies between patients. This paper looks at a simple technique for enhancing laser recanalisation.
518. Thalidomide reduces tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 12 production in patients with chronic active Crohn's disease.
Thalidomide improves clinical symptoms in patients with therapy refractory Crohn's disease, as shown in two recent studies. The mechanism of this effect however is still unknown. Suppression of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) by thalidomide has been suggested as a possible mechanism. However, effects on other cytokines have not been adequately investigated.
519. Treatment of Crohn's disease with recombinant human interleukin 10 induces the proinflammatory cytokine interferon gamma.
作者: H Tilg.;C van Montfrans.;A van den Ende.;A Kaser.;S J H van Deventer.;S Schreiber.;M Gregor.;O Ludwiczek.;P Rutgeerts.;C Gasche.;J C Koningsberger.;L Abreu.;I Kuhn.;M Cohard.;A LeBeaut.;P Grint.;G Weiss.
来源: Gut. 2002年50卷2期191-5页
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) exerts anti-inflammatory actions by counteracting many biological effects of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma).
520. A scintigraphic study of local oesophageal bolus transit: differences between patients with Barrett's oesophagus and healthy controls.
In Barrett's patients, functional disorders of oesophageal motility are currently measured by oesophageal manometry. Yet abnormalities of oesophageal volume transport in the critical regions of the upper oesophageal sphincter (UOS) and lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) cannot be determined using these methods.
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