当前位置: 首页 >> 检索结果
4541. A controlled trial of corticosteroid injections into facet joints for chronic low back pain.
作者: S Carette.;S Marcoux.;R Truchon.;C Grondin.;J Gagnon.;Y Allard.;M Latulippe.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷14期1002-7页
Chronic low back pain is a common problem with many treatments, few of which have been rigorously evaluated. This randomized, placebo-controlled trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of injections of corticosteroid into facet joints to treat chronic low back pain.
4542. Prognostic value of a treadmill exercise score in outpatients with suspected coronary artery disease.
作者: D B Mark.;L Shaw.;F E Harrell.;M A Hlatky.;K L Lee.;J R Bengtson.;C B McCants.;R M Califf.;D B Pryor.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷12期849-53页
The treadmill exercise test identifies patients with different degrees of risk of death from cardiovascular events. We devised a prognostic score, based on the results of treadmill exercise testing, that accurately predicts outcome among inpatients referred for cardiac catheterization. This study was designed to determine whether this score could also accurately predict prognosis in unselected outpatients.
4545. Paracentesis with intravenous infusion of albumin as compared with peritoneovenous shunting in cirrhosis with refractory ascites.
作者: P Ginès.;V Arroyo.;V Vargas.;R Planas.;F Casafont.;J Panés.;M Hoyos.;L Viladomiu.;A Rimola.;R Morillas.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷12期829-35页
There is no satisfactory treatment for refractory ascites in patients with cirrhosis. Both peritoneovenous shunts and paracentesis have been used, but there is uncertainty about their relative merits.
4546. A randomized trial of treatment options for alcohol-abusing workers.
作者: D C Walsh.;R W Hingson.;D M Merrigan.;S M Levenson.;L A Cupples.;T Heeren.;G A Coffman.;C A Becker.;T A Barker.;S K Hamilton.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷11期775-82页
Employee-assistance programs sponsored by companies or labor unions identify workers who abuse alcohol and refer them for care, often to inpatient rehabilitation programs. Yet the effectiveness of inpatient treatment, as compared with a variety of less intensive alternatives, has repeatedly been called into question. In this study, anchored in the work site, we compared the effectiveness of mandatory in-hospital treatment with that of required attendance at the meetings of a self-help group and a choice of treatment options.
4547. Fetal fibronectin in cervical and vaginal secretions as a predictor of preterm delivery.
作者: C J Lockwood.;A E Senyei.;M R Dische.;D Casal.;K D Shah.;S N Thung.;L Jones.;L Deligdisch.;T J Garite.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷10期669-74页
Preterm delivery is the leading cause of neonatal mortality in the United States, but efforts to address the problem are hampered by the inability to predict accurately which pregnancies are at risk. We postulated that damage to the fetal membranes may release fetal fibronectin into the cervix and vagina, giving rise to a biochemical marker for preterm delivery.
4548. Long-term response of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis to treatment with lymphoblastoid interferon alfa-N1. Papilloma Study Group.
作者: B G Leventhal.;H K Kashima.;P Mounts.;L Thurmond.;S Chapman.;S Buckley.;D Wold.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷9期613-7页
We earlier reported that patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis responded to six months of treatment with lymphoblastoid interferon alfa-n1. Because another study of patients treated for one year with leukocyte interferon alfa-n3 found that the growth rate of papillomas was slowed in the first six months but returned to base line during months 7 through 12 despite persistent interferon treatment, we now report the long-term results in our original study patients who were followed for a median of four years after the original one-year crossover study.
4549. Perioperative total parenteral nutrition in surgical patients.
We undertook this study to test the hypothesis that perioperative total parenteral nutrition (TPN) decreases the incidence of serious complications after major abdominal or thoracic surgical procedures in malnourished patients.
4552. A controlled trial comparing foscarnet with vidarabine for acyclovir-resistant mucocutaneous herpes simplex in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The AIDS Clinical Trials Group.
作者: S Safrin.;C Crumpacker.;P Chatis.;R Davis.;R Hafner.;J Rush.;H A Kessler.;B Landry.;J Mills.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷8期551-5页
Most strains of herpes simplex virus that are resistant to acyclovir are susceptible in vitro to both foscarnet and vidarabine. We conducted a randomized trial to compare foscarnet with vidarabine in 14 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and mucocutaneous herpetic lesions that had been unresponsive to intravenous therapy with acyclovir for a minimum of 10 days. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either foscarnet (40 mg per kilogram of body weight intravenously every 8 hours) or vidarabine (15 mg per kilogram per day intravenously) for 10 to 42 days. In the isolates of herpes simplex virus we documented in vitro resistance to acyclovir and susceptibility to foscarnet and vidarabine.
4554. The effects on plasma lipoproteins of a prudent weight-reducing diet, with or without exercise, in overweight men and women.
The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) recommends a low-saturated-fat, low-cholesterol diet, with weight loss if indicated, to correct elevated plasma cholesterol levels. Weight loss accomplished by simple caloric restriction or increased exercise typically increases the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Little is known about the effects on plasma lipoproteins of a hypocaloric NCEP diet with or without exercise in overweight people.
4555. Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis.
作者: .;H J M Barnett.;D W Taylor.;R B Haynes.;D L Sackett.;S J Peerless.;G G Ferguson.;A J Fox.;R N Rankin.;V C Hachinski.;D O Wiebers.;M Eliasziw.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷7期445-53页
Without strong evidence of benefit, the use of carotid endarterectomy for prophylaxis against stroke rose dramatically until the mid-1980s, then declined. Our investigation sought to determine whether carotid endarterectomy reduces the risk of stroke among patients with a recent adverse cerebrovascular event and ipsilateral carotid stenosis.
4558. Improved survival in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome. Clinical experience in 108 patients.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP-HUS) is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, fever, central nervous system abnormalities, and renal dysfunction. In early reports the mortality approached 100 percent. A treatment protocol was introduced in 1979 for patients admitted to Johns Hopkins Hospital with the diagnosis of TTP-HUS. Treatment regimens included 200 mg of prednisone a day, for patients with minimal symptoms and no central nervous system symptoms, and prednisone plus plasma exchange, for patients with rapid clinical deterioration who did not improve after 48 hours of prednisone alone and for patients presenting with central nervous system symptoms and rapidly declining hematocrit values and platelet counts.
4559. Comparison of plasma exchange with plasma infusion in the treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Canadian Apheresis Study Group.
作者: G A Rock.;K H Shumak.;N A Buskard.;V S Blanchette.;J G Kelton.;R C Nair.;R A Spasoff.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷6期393-7页
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is an uncommon disease with a high mortality rate even with current treatment. The cause of the syndrome and its optimal treatment are unknown. Although both plasma exchange and plasma infusion have been useful treatments, it is not clear which is superior. In this report we describe a prospective randomized trial comparing plasma exchange with plasma infusion for the treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
4560. Comparison of a beta 2-agonist, terbutaline, with an inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide, in newly detected asthma.
作者: T Haahtela.;M Järvinen.;T Kava.;K Kiviranta.;S Koskinen.;K Lehtonen.;K Nikander.;T Persson.;K Reinikainen.;O Selroos.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷6期388-92页
The presence of airway inflammation even in mild asthma points to the potential value of antiinflammatory therapy. We compared the effect of an inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide, with that of an inhaled beta 2-agonist, terbutaline, in the long-term treatment of newly detected asthma.
|