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4501. Results of a randomized trial of partner notification in cases of HIV infection in North Carolina.
作者: S E Landis.;V J Schoenbach.;D J Weber.;M Mittal.;B Krishan.;K Lewis.;G G Koch.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1992年326卷2期101-6页
We sought to compare two methods of notifying sex partners of subjects infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or persons who had shared needles with them (needle-sharing partners): "patient referral," in which the responsibility for notifying partners was left to the patient, and "provider referral," in which providers attempted to notify partners.
4503. Halothane-morphine compared with high-dose sufentanil for anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in neonatal cardiac surgery.
Extreme hormonal and metabolic responses to stress are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in sick adults. We hypothesized that administering deep opioid anesthesia to critically ill neonates undergoing cardiac surgery would blunt their responses to stress and might improve clinical outcomes.
4504. A comparison of angioplasty with medical therapy in the treatment of single-vessel coronary artery disease. Veterans Affairs ACME Investigators.
Despite the widespread use of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), only a few prospective trials have assessed its efficacy. We compared the effects of PTCA with those of medical therapy on angina and exercise tolerance in patients with stable single-vessel coronary artery disease.
4506. Treatment of severe cardiogenic pulmonary edema with continuous positive airway pressure delivered by face mask.
作者: A D Bersten.;A W Holt.;A E Vedig.;G A Skowronski.;C J Baggoley.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷26期1825-30页
Severe cardiogenic pulmonary edema is a frequent cause of respiratory failure, and many patients with this condition require endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. We investigated whether continuous positive airway pressure delivered by means of a face mask had physiologic benefit and would reduce the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation.
4507. Antibody responses to Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccines in men with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
作者: M C Steinhoff.;B S Auerbach.;K E Nelson.;D Vlahov.;R L Becker.;N M Graham.;D H Schwartz.;A H Lucas.;R E Chaisson.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷26期1837-42页
Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are at increased risk for serious infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae, yet there are few data on their antibody responses to the H. influenzae type b vaccines.
4508. A controlled trial of synthetic surfactant in infants weighing 1250 g or more with respiratory distress syndrome. The American Exosurf Neonatal Study Group I, and the Canadian Exosurf Neonatal Study Group.
作者: W Long.;A Corbet.;R Cotton.;S Courtney.;G McGuiness.;D Walter.;J Watts.;J Smyth.;H Bard.;V Chernick.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷24期1696-703页
Surfactant-replacement therapy is now recognized as a life-saving and safe intervention in small premature infants, but there is little evidence concerning its risks and benefits in larger premature infants.
4509. Acute myeloid leukemia in children treated with epipodophyllotoxins for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
作者: C H Pui.;R C Ribeiro.;M L Hancock.;G K Rivera.;W E Evans.;S C Raimondi.;D R Head.;F G Behm.;M H Mahmoud.;J T Sandlund.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷24期1682-7页
Treatment of cancer with the epipodophyllotoxins (etoposide and teniposide) has been linked to the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in children and adults, but the factors that might influence the risk of this complication of therapy are poorly defined. We therefore assessed the importance of potential risk factors for secondary AML in 734 consecutive children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who attained complete remission and received continuation (maintenance) treatment according to different schedules of epipodophyllotoxin administration.
4510. A controlled trial of acyclovir for chickenpox in normal children.
作者: L M Dunkle.;A M Arvin.;R J Whitley.;H A Rotbart.;H M Feder.;S Feldman.;A A Gershon.;M L Levy.;G F Hayden.;P V McGuirt.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷22期1539-44页
Chickenpox, the primary infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, affects more than 3 million children a year in the United States. Although usually self-limited, chickenpox can cause prolonged discomfort and is associated with infrequent but serious complications.
4511. A preliminary evaluation of 566C80 for the treatment of Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
作者: J Falloon.;J Kovacs.;W Hughes.;D O'Neill.;M Polis.;R T Davey.;M Rogers.;S LaFon.;I Feuerstein.;D Lancaster.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷22期1534-8页
The drug 566C80 is an investigational hydroxynaphthoquinone that is active against Pneumocystis carinii in vitro and in animal models. Initial studies in humans indicate that 566C80 is safe and has adequate bioavailability after oral administration.
4512. Correction: recovery of motor function after spinal-cord injury--a randomized, placebo-controlled trial with GM-1 ganglioside.4513. Early treatment with ganciclovir to prevent cytomegalovirus disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
作者: J M Goodrich.;M Mori.;C A Gleaves.;C Du Mond.;M Cays.;D F Ebeling.;W C Buhles.;B DeArmond.;J D Meyers.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷23期1601-7页
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. We conducted a controlled trial of ganciclovir for the early treatment of CMV infection in asymptomatic recipients of bone marrow transplants whose surveillance cultures for CMV became positive.
4515. The incidence of zoster after immunization with live attenuated varicella vaccine. A study in children with leukemia. Varicella Vaccine Collaborative Study Group.
The Oka strain of live attenuated varicella vaccine is immunogenic and highly protective, but there has been concern about the risk of zoster after immunization.
4520. Effect of oral milrinone on mortality in severe chronic heart failure. The PROMISE Study Research Group.
作者: M Packer.;J R Carver.;R J Rodeheffer.;R J Ivanhoe.;R DiBianco.;S M Zeldis.;G H Hendrix.;W J Bommer.;U Elkayam.;M L Kukin.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1991年325卷21期1468-75页
Milrinone, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, enhances cardiac contractility by increasing intracellular levels of cyclic AMP, but the long-term effect of this type of positive inotropic agent on the survival of patients with chronic heart failure has not been determined.
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