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421. Evaluation of the Double-Tracer Gas Single-Breath Washout Test in a Pediatric Field Study.
作者: Anne-Christianne Kentgens.;Johanna M Kurz.;Rebeca Mozun.;Jakob Usemann.;Eva S L Pedersen.;Claudia E Kuehni.;Philipp Latzin.;Alexander Moeller.;Florian Singer.; .
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷2期396-404页
The early life origins of chronic pulmonary diseases are thought to arise in peripheral small airways. Predictors of ventilation inhomogeneity, a proxy of peripheral airway function, are understudied in schoolchildren.
422. Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Perhaps Simple Is Not Best?
作者: Charles Fauvel.;R James White.;Rebecca R Vanderpool.;Roberto Badagliacca.;Tobore Tobore.;Mohammad Rahman.;Carmine Dario Vizza.;Shili Lin.;Allen D Everett.;Scott H Visovatti.;Raymond L Benza.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷2期431-436页 423. Glycated Hemoglobin Trajectories and Their Association With Treatment Outcomes Among Patients With Pulmonary TB in India: A Prospective Cohort Study.
作者: Geeta Pardeshi.;Vidya Mave.;Sanjay Gaikwad.;Dileep Kadam.;Madhusudan Barthwal.;Nikhil Gupte.;Sachin Atre.;Sona Deshmukh.;Jonathan E Golub.;Akshay Gupte.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷2期278-287页
Transient hyperglycemia is seen commonly during TB treatment, yet its association with unfavorable treatment outcomes is unclear.
424. Is Tobacco Use Associated With Risk of Recurrence and Mortality Among People With TB?: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Aishwarya Lakshmi Vidyasagaran.;Anne Readshaw.;Melanie Boeckmann.;Alexander Jarde.;Faraz Siddiqui.;Anna-Marie Marshall.;Janita Akram.;Jonathan E Golub.;Kamran Siddiqi.;Omara Dogar.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷1期22-47页
Associations between tobacco use and poor TB treatment outcomes are well documented. However, for important outcomes such as TB recurrence or relapse and mortality during treatment, as well as for associations with smokeless tobacco (ST), the evidence is not summarized systematically.
425. Artificial Intelligence Improves Novices' Bronchoscopy Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial in a Simulated Setting.
作者: Kristoffer Mazanti Cold.;Sujun Xie.;Anne Orholm Nielsen.;Paul Frost Clementsen.;Lars Konge.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷2期405-413页
Navigating through the bronchial tree and visualizing all bronchial segments is the initial step toward learning flexible bronchoscopy. A novel bronchial segment identification system based on artificial intelligence (AI) has been developed to help guide trainees toward more effective training.
426. Peripheral Administration of Norepinephrine: A Prospective Observational Study.
作者: Jason R Yerke.;Eduardo Mireles-Cabodevila.;Alyssa Y Chen.;Stephanie N Bass.;Anita J Reddy.;Seth R Bauer.;Lynne Kokoczka.;Siddharth Dugar.;Ajit Moghekar.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷2期348-355页
Historically, norepinephrine has been administered through a central venous catheter (CVC) because of concerns about the risk of ischemic tissue injury if extravasation from a peripheral IV catheter (PIVC) occurs. Recently, several reports have suggested that peripheral administration of norepinephrine may be safe.
427. Impact of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease With and Without Pulmonary Hypertension on Survival: A Large Cohort Study of the German Network for Systemic Sclerosis.
作者: Pia Moinzadeh.;Francesco Bonella.;Max Oberste.;Jithmi Weliwitage.;Nobert Blank.;Gabriela Riemekasten.;Ulf Müller-Ladner.;Jörg Henes.;Elise Siegert.;Claudia Günther.;Ina Kötter.;Christiane Pfeiffer.;Marc Schmalzing.;Gabriele Zeidler.;Peter Korsten.;Laura Susok.;Aaron Juche.;Margitta Worm.;Ilona Jandova.;Jan Ehrchen.;Cord Sunderkötter.;Gernot Keyßer.;Andreas Ramming.;Tim Schmeiser.;Alexander Kreuter.;Hanns-Martin Lorenz.;Nicolas Hunzelmann.;Michael Kreuter.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷1期132-145页
Pulmonary involvement is the leading cause of death in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and may manifest as interstitial lung disease (ILD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), or in combination of both (ILD with pulmonary hypertension [ILD-PH]). The aim of this analysis was to determine prevalence, clinical characteristics, and survival of these different forms within the registry of the German Network for Systemic Sclerosis.
428. Low-Dose vs Conventional-Dose Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Treatment for Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Patients Not Infected With HIV: A Multicenter, Retrospective Observational Cohort Study.
作者: Tatsuya Nagai.;Hiroki Matsui.;Haruka Fujioka.;Yuya Homma.;Ayumu Otsuki.;Hiroyuki Ito.;Shinichiro Ohmura.;Toshiaki Miyamoto.;Daisuke Shichi.;Watari Tomohisa.;Yoshihito Otsuka.;Kei Nakashima.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷1期58-67页
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is an effective treatment for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients with and without HIV infection; however, a high incidence of adverse events has been observed. Low-dose TMP-SMX is a potentially effective treatment with fewer adverse events; however, evidence is limited.
429. Association of Metabolic Syndrome With Risk of Lung Cancer: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study.
作者: Mengmeng Li.;Su-Mei Cao.;Niki Dimou.;Lan Wu.;Ji-Bin Li.;Jun Yang.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷1期213-223页
Both the incidence of lung cancer and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been increasing worldwide. The relationship between MetS and lung cancer remains controversial.
430. Toward the Implementation of Optimal Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
作者: Lucas R Celant.;Jeroen N Wessels.;J Tim Marcus.;Lilian J Meijboom.;Harm Jan Bogaard.;Frances S de Man.;Anton Vonk Noordegraaf.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷1期181-191页
The 2022 European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society pulmonary hypertension (PH) guidelines incorporate cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging metrics in the risk stratification of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Thresholds to identify patients at estimated 1-year mortality risks of < 5%, 5% to 20%, and > 20% are introduced. However, these cutoff values are mostly single center-based and require external validation.
432. Race-Specific Spirometry Equations Do Not Improve Models of Dyspnea and Quantitative Chest CT Phenotypes.
作者: Amy L Non.;Barbara Bailey.;Surya P Bhatt.;Richard Casaburi.;Elizabeth A Regan.;Angela Wang.;Alfonso Limon.;Chantal Rabay.;Alejandro A Diaz.;Arianne K Baldomero.;Greg Kinney.;Kendra A Young.;Ben Felts.;Carol Hand.;Douglas J Conrad.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷6期1492-1504页
Race-specific spirometry reference equations are used globally to interpret lung function for clinical, research, and occupational purposes, but inclusion of race is under scrutiny.
433. Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry and COPD Accelerate Frailty Progression: Evidence From a Prospective Cohort Study.
作者: Di He.;Mengsha Yan.;Yong Zhou.;Huiqing Ge.;Xuhui Zhang.;Yuying Xu.;Chengguo Liu.;Kejing Ying.;Yimin Zhu.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷3期573-582页
COPD has been found to be associated with frailty. However, longitudinal evidence for associations of COPD with frailty progression is inadequate. Furthermore, recent studies revealed a new phenotype of lung function impairment: preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) findings. Associations of PRISm findings and their transitions with frailty progression are unclear.
434. Indicators of Neighborhood-Level Socioeconomic Position and Pediatric Critical Illness.
作者: Carlie N Myers.;Aruna Chandran.;Kevin J Psoter.;Jules P Bergmann.;Panagis Galiatsatos.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷6期1434-1443页
With recent prioritization of equity in pediatric health outcomes, a shift to examine neighborhood-level health care disparities within pediatric populations has occurred, specifically in the context of critical illness.
435. Optimizing Vasopressin Use and Initiation Timing in Septic Shock: A Narrative Review.
This review discusses the rationale for vasopressin use, summarizes the results of clinical trials evaluating vasopressin, and focuses on the timing of vasopressin initiation to provide clinicians guidance for optimal adjunctive vasopressin initiation in patients with septic shock.
436. Intrafamilial Correlation and Variability in the Clinical Evolution of Pulmonary Fibrosis.
作者: Tinne Goos.;Adriana Dubbeldam.;Marie Vermant.;Stefan Gogaert.;Laurens J De Sadeleer.;Nico De Crem.;Ellen De Langhe.;Jonas Yserbyt.;Birgit Weynand.;Marianne S Carlon.;Johny Verschakelen.;Sascha Vermeer.;Stijn E Verleden.;Wim A Wuyts.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷6期1476-1480页 437. Risk Factors for Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Michael R Loebinger.;Jennifer K Quint.;Roald van der Laan.;Marko Obradovic.;Rajinder Chawla.;Amit Kishore.;Jakko van Ingen.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷5期1115-1124页
Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is widely underdiagnosed, and certain patient groups, such as those with underlying respiratory diseases, are at increased risk of developing the disease. Understanding patients at risk is essential to allow for prompt testing and diagnosis and appropriate management to prevent disease progression.
439. The Thoracic Research Evaluation and Treatment 2.0 Model: A Lung Cancer Prediction Model for Indeterminate Nodules Referred for Specialist Evaluation.
作者: Caroline M Godfrey.;Maren E Shipe.;Valerie F Welty.;Amelia W Maiga.;Melinda C Aldrich.;Chandler Montgomery.;Jerod Crockett.;Laszlo T Vaszar.;Shawn Regis.;James M Isbell.;Otis B Rickman.;Rhonda Pinkerman.;Eric S Lambright.;Jonathan C Nesbitt.;Fabien Maldonado.;Jeffrey D Blume.;Stephen A Deppen.;Eric L Grogan.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷5期1305-1314页
Appropriate risk stratification of indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs) is necessary to direct diagnostic evaluation. Currently available models were developed in populations with lower cancer prevalence than that seen in thoracic surgery and pulmonology clinics and usually do not allow for missing data. We updated and expanded the Thoracic Research Evaluation and Treatment (TREAT) model into a more generalized, robust approach for lung cancer prediction in patients referred for specialty evaluation.
440. The Effect of Inhaled Corticosteroids on Pneumonia Risk in Patients With COPD-Bronchiectasis Overlap: A UK Population-Based Case-Control Study.
作者: Andrew I Ritchie.;Aran Singayagam.;Sebastian Mitchell.;Jadwiga A Wedzicha.;Anand Shah.;Chloë I Bloom.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷4期875-884页
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) increase the risk of pneumonia in COPD and commonly are used in patients with COPD-bronchiectasis overlap.
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