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4321. Direct detection of bacterial biofilms on the middle-ear mucosa of children with chronic otitis media.
作者: Luanne Hall-Stoodley.;Fen Ze Hu.;Armin Gieseke.;Laura Nistico.;Duc Nguyen.;Jay Hayes.;Michael Forbes.;David P Greenberg.;Bethany Dice.;Amy Burrows.;P Ashley Wackym.;Paul Stoodley.;J Christopher Post.;Garth D Ehrlich.;Joseph E Kerschner.
来源: JAMA. 2006年296卷2期202-11页
Chronic otitis media (OM) is a common pediatric infectious disease. Previous studies demonstrating that metabolically active bacteria exist in culture-negative pediatric middle-ear effusions and that experimental infection with Haemophilus influenzae in the chinchilla model of otitis media results in the formation of adherent mucosal biofilms suggest that chronic OM may result from a mucosal biofilm infection.
4322. Salpingo-oophorectomy and the risk of ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutation.
作者: Amy Finch.;Mario Beiner.;Jan Lubinski.;Henry T Lynch.;Pal Moller.;Barry Rosen.;Joan Murphy.;Parviz Ghadirian.;Eitan Friedman.;William D Foulkes.;Charmaine Kim-Sing.;Teresa Wagner.;Nadine Tung.;Fergus Couch.;Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet.;Peter Ainsworth.;Mary Daly.;Babara Pasini.;Ruth Gershoni-Baruch.;Charis Eng.;Olufunmilayo I Olopade.;Jane McLennan.;Beth Karlan.;Jeffrey Weitzel.;Ping Sun.;Steven A Narod.; .
来源: JAMA. 2006年296卷2期185-92页
Women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation are often advised to undergo preventive oophorectomy. The effectiveness of this intervention has not been prospectively evaluated in a large cohort.
4323. Depression and cardiovascular disease: healing the broken-hearted.
Major depressive disorder is a risk factor for the development of incident coronary heart disease events in healthy patients and for adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with established heart disease. Depression is present in 1 of 5 outpatients with coronary heart disease and in 1 of 3 outpatients with congestive heart failure, yet the majority of cases are not recognized or appropriately treated. It is not known whether treating depression improves cardiovascular outcomes, but antidepressant treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors is generally safe, alleviates depression, and improves quality of life. This article evaluates the importance of major depression in patients with cardiovascular disease, and provides practical guidance for identifying and treating this disorder.
4331. Early revascularization and long-term survival in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction.
作者: Judith S Hochman.;Lynn A Sleeper.;John G Webb.;Vladimir Dzavik.;Christopher E Buller.;Philip Aylward.;Jacques Col.;Harvey D White.; .
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷21期2511-5页
Cardiogenic shock remains the major cause of death for patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Although survival in patients with cardiogenic shock complicating acute MI has been shown to be significantly higher at 1 year in those receiving early revascularization vs initial medical stabilization, data demonstrating long-term survival are lacking.
4332. Effect of hypobaric hypoxia, simulating conditions during long-haul air travel, on coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet function, and endothelial activation.
作者: William D Toff.;Chris I Jones.;Isobel Ford.;Robert J Pearse.;Henry G Watson.;Stephen J Watt.;John A S Ross.;David P Gradwell.;Anthony J Batchelor.;Keith R Abrams.;Joost C M Meijers.;Alison H Goodall.;Michael Greaves.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷19期2251-61页
The link between long-haul air travel and venous thromboembolism is the subject of continuing debate. It remains unclear whether the reduced cabin pressure and oxygen tension in the airplane cabin create an increased risk compared with seated immobility at ground level.
4333. Estrogen-receptor status and outcomes of modern chemotherapy for patients with node-positive breast cancer.
作者: Donald A Berry.;Constance Cirrincione.;I Craig Henderson.;Marc L Citron.;Daniel R Budman.;Lori J Goldstein.;Silvana Martino.;Edith A Perez.;Hyman B Muss.;Larry Norton.;Clifford Hudis.;Eric P Winer.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷14期1658-67页
Breast cancer estrogen-receptor (ER) status is useful in predicting benefit from endocrine therapy. It may also help predict which patients benefit from advances in adjuvant chemotherapy.
4334. Effect of 6-month calorie restriction on biomarkers of longevity, metabolic adaptation, and oxidative stress in overweight individuals: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Leonie K Heilbronn.;Lilian de Jonge.;Madlyn I Frisard.;James P DeLany.;D Enette Larson-Meyer.;Jennifer Rood.;Tuong Nguyen.;Corby K Martin.;Julia Volaufova.;Marlene M Most.;Frank L Greenway.;Steven R Smith.;Walter A Deutsch.;Donald A Williamson.;Eric Ravussin.; .
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷13期1539-48页
Prolonged calorie restriction increases life span in rodents. Whether prolonged calorie restriction affects biomarkers of longevity or markers of oxidative stress, or reduces metabolic rate beyond that expected from reduced metabolic mass, has not been investigated in humans.
4336. Effect of a single mass antibiotic distribution on the prevalence of infectious trachoma.
作者: Jaya D Chidambaram.;Wondu Alemayehu.;Muluken Melese.;Takele Lakew.;Elizabeth Yi.;Jenafir House.;Vicky Cevallos.;Zhaoxia Zhou.;Kathryn Maxey.;David C Lee.;Brett L Shapiro.;Muthiah Srinivasan.;Travis Porco.;John P Whitcher.;Bruce D Gaynor.;Thomas M Lietman.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷10期1142-6页
The World Health Organization recommends mass antibiotic distributions in its strategy to eliminate blinding trachoma as a public health concern. Some hypothesize that a single distribution is sufficient to control the ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma. Others believe infection will inevitably return and periodic treatments or other measures are essential.
4337. Fine particulate air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.
作者: Francesca Dominici.;Roger D Peng.;Michelle L Bell.;Luu Pham.;Aidan McDermott.;Scott L Zeger.;Jonathan M Samet.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷10期1127-34页
Evidence on the health risks associated with short-term exposure to fine particles (particulate matter < or =2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter [PM2.5]) is limited. Results from the new national monitoring network for PM2.5 make possible systematic research on health risks at national and regional scales.
4338. Thyroid status, cardiovascular risk, and mortality in older adults.
作者: Anne R Cappola.;Linda P Fried.;Alice M Arnold.;Mark D Danese.;Lewis H Kuller.;Gregory L Burke.;Russell P Tracy.;Paul W Ladenson.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷9期1033-41页
Previous studies have suggested that subclinical abnormalities in thyroid-stimulating hormone levels are associated with detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system.
4339. Low-fat dietary pattern and risk of colorectal cancer: the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Dietary Modification Trial.
作者: Shirley A A Beresford.;Karen C Johnson.;Cheryl Ritenbaugh.;Norman L Lasser.;Linda G Snetselaar.;Henry R Black.;Garnet L Anderson.;Annlouise R Assaf.;Tamsen Bassford.;Deborah Bowen.;Robert L Brunner.;Robert G Brzyski.;Bette Caan.;Rowan T Chlebowski.;Margery Gass.;Rosanne C Harrigan.;Jennifer Hays.;David Heber.;Gerardo Heiss.;Susan L Hendrix.;Barbara V Howard.;Judith Hsia.;F Allan Hubbell.;Rebecca D Jackson.;Jane Morley Kotchen.;Lewis H Kuller.;Andrea Z LaCroix.;Dorothy S Lane.;Robert D Langer.;Cora E Lewis.;JoAnn E Manson.;Karen L Margolis.;Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani.;Judith K Ockene.;Linda M Parker.;Michael G Perri.;Lawrence Phillips.;Ross L Prentice.;John Robbins.;Jacques E Rossouw.;Gloria E Sarto.;Marcia L Stefanick.;Linda Van Horn.;Mara Z Vitolins.;Jean Wactawski-Wende.;Robert B Wallace.;Evelyn Whitlock.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷6期643-54页
Observational studies and polyp recurrence trials are not conclusive regarding the effects of a low-fat dietary pattern on risk of colorectal cancer, necessitating a primary prevention trial.
4340. Differences in review quality and recommendations for publication between peer reviewers suggested by authors or by editors.
Many journals give authors who submit papers the opportunity to suggest reviewers. Use of these reviewers varies by journal and little is known about the quality of the reviews they produce.
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