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4322. Prehypertension during young adulthood and coronary calcium later in life.
作者: Mark J Pletcher.;Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo.;Cora E Lewis.;Gina S Wei.;Steve Sidney.;J Jeffrey Carr.;Eric Vittinghoff.;Charles E McCulloch.;Stephen B Hulley.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2008年149卷2期91-9页
High blood pressure in middle age is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but the consequences of low-level elevations during young adulthood are unknown.
4323. Systematic review: T-cell-based assays for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection: an update.
Interferon-gamma-release assays (IGRAs) are alternatives to the tuberculin skin test (TST). A recent meta-analysis showed that IGRAs have high specificity, even among populations that have received bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination. Sensitivity was suboptimal for TST and IGRAs.
4324. Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement.
Reaffirmation of the 2004 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement about screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults.
4325. Relationship of specific vaginal bacteria and bacterial vaginosis treatment failure in women who have sex with women.
作者: Jeanne M Marrazzo.;Katherine K Thomas.;Tina L Fiedler.;Kathleen Ringwood.;David N Fredricks.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2008年149卷1期20-8页
Bacterial vaginosis frequently persists after treatment. The role of newly defined bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria (BVAB), which have a specificity for this condition of 97% or greater, has not been assessed.
4326. The effect of comorbid illness and functional status on the expected benefits of intensive glucose control in older patients with type 2 diabetes: a decision analysis.
作者: Elbert S Huang.;Qi Zhang.;Niren Gandra.;Marshall H Chin.;David O Meltzer.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2008年149卷1期11-9页
Physicians are uncertain about when to pursue intensive glucose control among older patients with diabetes.
4327. Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults: evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common, and screening for this condition in pregnant women is a well-established, evidence-based standard of current medical practice. Screening other groups of adults has not been shown to improve outcomes.
4328. Implementing open-access scheduling of visits in primary care practices: a cautionary tale.
Open-access scheduling (also known as advanced access or same-day access) is a popular tool for improving patient access to primary care appointments.
4329. The relationship of coffee consumption with mortality.
作者: Esther Lopez-Garcia.;Rob M van Dam.;Tricia Y Li.;Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo.;Frank B Hu.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2008年148卷12期904-14页
Coffee consumption has been linked to various beneficial and detrimental health effects, but data on its relation with mortality are sparse.
4330. Cost-effectiveness of HIV screening in patients older than 55 years of age.
作者: Gillian D Sanders.;Ahmed M Bayoumi.;Mark Holodniy.;Douglas K Owens.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2008年148卷12期889-903页
Although HIV infection is more prevalent in people younger than age 45 years, a substantial number of infections occur in older persons. Recent guidelines recommend HIV screening in patients age 13 to 64 years. The cost-effectiveness of HIV screening in patients age 55 to 75 years is uncertain.
4332. Diabetes and hearing impairment in the United States: audiometric evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2004.
作者: Kathleen E Bainbridge.;Howard J Hoffman.;Catherine C Cowie.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2008年149卷1期1-10页
Diabetes might affect the vasculature and neural system of the inner ear, leading to hearing impairment.
4334. Meta-analysis: effects of adding salmeterol to inhaled corticosteroids on serious asthma-related events.
作者: Eric Bateman.;Harold Nelson.;Jean Bousquet.;Kenneth Kral.;Laura Sutton.;Hector Ortega.;Steven Yancey.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2008年149卷1期33-42页
Recent analyses have suggested an increased risk for serious asthma-related adverse events in patients receiving long-acting beta-agonists.
4336. Screening adults for type 2 diabetes: a review of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Susan L Norris.;Devan Kansagara.;Christina Bougatsos.;Rongwei Fu.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2008年148卷11期855-68页
More than 19 million Americans are affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is undiagnosed in one third of these persons. In addition, it is estimated that more than 54 million adults have prediabetes. Debate continues over the benefits and harms of screening and then treating adults who have asymptomatic diabetes or prediabetes.
4337. Screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement.
Updated U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation about screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults.
4338. Sensitivity and specificity of a single emergency department measurement of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin for diagnosing acute kidney injury.
作者: Thomas L Nickolas.;Matthew J O'Rourke.;Jun Yang.;Meghan E Sise.;Pietro A Canetta.;Nicholas Barasch.;Charles Buchen.;Faris Khan.;Kiyoshi Mori.;James Giglio.;Prasad Devarajan.;Jonathan Barasch.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2008年148卷11期810-9页
A single serum creatinine measurement cannot distinguish acute kidney injury from chronic kidney disease or prerenal azotemia.
4339. Association between critical care physician management and patient mortality in the intensive care unit.
作者: Mitchell M Levy.;John Rapoport.;Stanley Lemeshow.;Donald B Chalfin.;Gary Phillips.;Marion Danis.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2008年148卷11期801-9页
Critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) are thought to gain an added survival benefit from management by critical care physicians, but evidence of this benefit is scant.
4340. In the clinic. Hepatitis C.
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common blood-borne infection in the United States, with an estimated overall prevalence of 3.2 million persons (1.3%) and prevalence peaks between age 40 to 49 years (1). The worldwide prevalence of HCV infection is even higher at 2.0%, corresponding to 140 million persons (2). In terms of complications, cirrhosis due to HCV disease is the most frequent indication for liver transplantation in the United States (3), and the overall incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma, a complication of HCV cirrhosis, continues to increase at alarming rates. In an evaluation of population-based registries of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program in the United States, the overall age-adjusted incidence rates of hepatocellular carcinoma increased from 1.4 per 100 000 in 1975 to 1977 to 3.0 per 100 000 in 1996 to 1998 (4).
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