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401. Systematic review: association of shift length, protected sleep time, and night float with patient care, residents' health, and education.
The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education's new duty-hour standards limit interns' shifts to 16 hours and night float to 6 consecutive nights. Protected sleep time (that is, "nap") is strongly encouraged. As duty-hour reforms are implemented, examination of the quality and outcomes of the relevant literature is important.
402. Primary care-relevant interventions to prevent falling in older adults: a systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Yvonne L Michael.;Evelyn P Whitlock.;Jennifer S Lin.;Rongwei Fu.;Elizabeth A O'Connor.;Rachel Gold.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年153卷12期815-25页
Falls among older adults are both prevalent and preventable.
403. Behavioral counseling to promote physical activity and a healthful diet to prevent cardiovascular disease in adults: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Jennifer S Lin.;Elizabeth O'Connor.;Evelyn P Whitlock.;Tracy L Beil.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年153卷11期736-50页
Poor diet and lack of physical activity can worsen cardiovascular health, yet most Americans do not meet diet and physical activity recommendations.
404. Systematic review: nonoperative and operative treatments for rotator cuff tears.
作者: Jennifer C Seida.;Claire LeBlanc.;Janine R Schouten.;Shima S Mousavi.;Lisa Hartling.;Ben Vandermeer.;Lisa Tjosvold.;David M Sheps.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年153卷4期246-55页
Many approaches exist for managing rotator cuff tears.
405. Systematic review: factors associated with risk for and possible prevention of cognitive decline in later life.
作者: Brenda L Plassman.;John W Williams.;James R Burke.;Tracey Holsinger.;Sophiya Benjamin.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年153卷3期182-93页
Many biological, behavioral, social, and environmental factors may contribute to the delay or prevention of cognitive decline.
406. Systematic review: treatment agreements and urine drug testing to reduce opioid misuse in patients with chronic pain.
作者: Joanna L Starrels.;William C Becker.;Daniel P Alford.;Alok Kapoor.;Arthur Robinson Williams.;Barbara J Turner.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年152卷11期712-20页
Experts recommend opioid treatment agreements and urine drug testing to reduce opioid analgesia misuse, but evidence of their effectiveness has not been systematically reviewed.
407. Systematic review: case-fatality rates of recurrent venous thromboembolism and major bleeding events among patients treated for venous thromboembolism.
作者: Marc Carrier.;Grégoire Le Gal.;Philip S Wells.;Marc A Rodger.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年152卷9期578-89页
Case-fatality rates are important for assessing the risks and benefits of anticoagulation in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE).
408. Systematic review: effective management strategies for lactose intolerance.
作者: Aasma Shaukat.;Michael D Levitt.;Brent C Taylor.;Roderick MacDonald.;Tatyana A Shamliyan.;Robert L Kane.;Timothy J Wilt.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年152卷12期797-803页
Lactose intolerance resulting in gastrointestinal symptoms is a common health concern. Diagnosis and management of this condition remain unclear.
409. Systematic review: enhancing the use and quality of colorectal cancer screening.
作者: Debra J Holden.;Daniel E Jonas.;Deborah S Porterfield.;Daniel Reuland.;Russell Harris.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年152卷10期668-76页
National guideline groups recommend screening and discussion of screening options for persons at average risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, emerging evidence suggests that CRC screening is simultaneously underused, overused, and misused and that adequate patient-provider discussions about screening are infrequent.
410. Systematic review: accuracy of anti-citrullinated Peptide antibodies for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis.
作者: Penny F Whiting.;Nynke Smidt.;Jonathan A C Sterne.;Roger Harbord.;Anya Burton.;Margaret Burke.;Rebecca Beynon.;Yoav Ben-Shlomo.;John Axford.;Paul Dieppe.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年152卷7期456-64; W155-66页
Early recognition and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is important to prevent irreversible joint damage. Anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) have been suggested for early diagnosis.
411. Systematic review: surveillance for breast cancer in women treated with chest radiation for childhood, adolescent, or young adult cancer.
作者: Tara O Henderson.;Alison Amsterdam.;Smita Bhatia.;Melissa M Hudson.;Anna T Meadows.;Joseph P Neglia.;Lisa R Diller.;Louis S Constine.;Robert A Smith.;Martin C Mahoney.;Elizabeth A Morris.;Leslie L Montgomery.;Wendy Landier.;Stephanie M Smith.;Leslie L Robison.;Kevin C Oeffinger.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年152卷7期444-55; W144-54页
Women treated with therapeutic chest radiation may develop breast cancer.
412. Systematic review: Vitamin D and calcium supplementation in prevention of cardiovascular events.
Vitamin D and calcium may affect the cardiovascular system independently and interactively.
413. Systematic review: Vitamin D and cardiometabolic outcomes.
作者: Anastassios G Pittas.;Mei Chung.;Thomas Trikalinos.;Joanna Mitri.;Michael Brendel.;Kamal Patel.;Alice H Lichtenstein.;Joseph Lau.;Ethan M Balk.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年152卷5期307-14页
Vitamin D may modify risk for cardiometabolic outcomes (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, or cardiovascular disease).
414. Systematic review: prediction of perioperative cardiac complications and mortality by the revised cardiac risk index.
The Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) is widely used to predict perioperative cardiac complications.
415. Systematic review: comparative effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II-receptor blockers for ischemic heart disease.
作者: William L Baker.;Craig I Coleman.;Jeffrey Kluger.;Kurt M Reinhart.;Ripple Talati.;Robert Quercia.;Olivia J Phung.;C Michael White.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2009年151卷12期861-71页
Patients with ischemic heart disease and preserved ventricular function experience considerable morbidity and mortality despite standard medical therapy.
416. Systematic review: comparative effectiveness of core-needle and open surgical biopsy to diagnose breast lesions.
作者: Wendy Bruening.;Joann Fontanarosa.;Kelley Tipton.;Jonathan R Treadwell.;Jason Launders.;Karen Schoelles.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2010年152卷4期238-46页
Most women undergoing breast biopsy are found not to have cancer.
417. Screening for depression in adult patients in primary care settings: a systematic evidence review.
作者: Elizabeth A O'Connor.;Evelyn P Whitlock.;Tracy L Beil.;Bradley N Gaynes.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2009年151卷11期793-803页
In primary care settings, prevalence estimates of major depressive disorder range from 5% to 13% in all adults, with lower estimates in those older than 55 years (6% to 9%). In 2002, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended screening adults for depression in clinical practices that have systems to ensure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and follow-up.
418. Screening for breast cancer: an update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Heidi D Nelson.;Kari Tyne.;Arpana Naik.;Christina Bougatsos.;Benjamin K Chan.;Linda Humphrey.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2009年151卷10期727-37, W237-42页
This systematic review is an update of evidence since the 2002 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation on breast cancer screening.
419. Systematic review: comparative effectiveness of medications to reduce risk for primary breast cancer.
作者: Heidi D Nelson.;Rongwei Fu.;Jessica C Griffin.;Peggy Nygren.;M E Beth Smith.;Linda Humphrey.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2009年151卷10期703-15, W-226-35页
Trials demonstrate the efficacy of medications to reduce the risk for invasive breast cancer.
420. Oral phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and hormonal treatments for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Alexander Tsertsvadze.;Howard A Fink.;Fatemeh Yazdi.;Roderick MacDonald.;Anthony J Bella.;Mohammed T Ansari.;Chantelle Garritty.;Karla Soares-Weiser.;Raymond Daniel.;Margaret Sampson.;Steven Fox.;David Moher.;Timothy J Wilt.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2009年151卷9期650-61页
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male sexual disorder. The relative benefits and harms of pharmacologic therapies for ED, as well as the value of hormonal testing in men with ED, are uncertain.
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