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401. Effect of Treating Parents Colonized With Staphylococcus aureus on Transmission to Neonates in the Intensive Care Unit: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Aaron M Milstone.;Annie Voskertchian.;Danielle W Koontz.;Dina F Khamash.;Tracy Ross.;Susan W Aucott.;Maureen M Gilmore.;Sara E Cosgrove.;Karen C Carroll.;Elizabeth Colantuoni.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷4期319-328页
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of health care-associated infections in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Parents may expose neonates to S aureus colonization, a well-established predisposing factor to invasive S aureus disease.
402. Effect of a Strategy of Comprehensive Vasodilation vs Usual Care on Mortality and Heart Failure Rehospitalization Among Patients With Acute Heart Failure: The GALACTIC Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Nikola Kozhuharov.;Assen Goudev.;Dayana Flores.;Micha T Maeder.;Joan Walter.;Samyut Shrestha.;Danielle Menosi Gualandro.;Mucio Tavares de Oliveira Junior.;Zaid Sabti.;Beat Müller.;Markus Noveanu.;Thenral Socrates.;Ronny Ziller.;Antoni Bayés-Genís.;Alessandro Sionis.;Patrick Simon.;Eleni Michou.;Samuel Gujer.;Tommaso Gori.;Philip Wenzel.;Otmar Pfister.;David Conen.;Ioannis Kapos.;Richard Kobza.;Hans Rickli.;Tobias Breidthardt.;Thomas Münzel.;Paul Erne.;Christian Mueller.; .;Christian Mueller.;Paul Erne.;Beat Müller.;Hans Rickli.;Micha Maeder.;Mucio Tavares de Oliveira.;Thomas Münzel.;Antoni Bayés-Genís.;Alessandro Sionis.;Assen Goudev.;Bojidar Dimov.;Sabine Hartwiger.;Nisha Arenja.;Bettina Glatz.;Natascha Herr.;Rahel Isenrich.;Tamina Mosimann.;Raphael Twerenbold.;Jasper Boeddinghaus.;Thomas Nestelberger.;Christian Puelacher.;Michael Freese.;Janine Vögele.;Kathrin Meissner.;Jasmin Martin.;Ivo Strebel.;Desiree Wussler.;Carmela Schumacher.;Stefan Osswald.;Fabian Vogt.;Jonas Hilti.;Sara Barata.;Deborah Schneider.;Jonas Schwarz.;Brigitte Fitze.;Sabine Hartwiger.;Nisha Arenja.;Bettina Glatz.;Natascha Herr.;Rahel Isenrich.;Tamina Mosimann.;Raphael Twerenbold.;Jasper Boeddinghaus.;Thomas Nestelberger.;Christian Puelacher.;Michael Freese.;Janine Vögele.;Kathrin Meissner.;Jasmin Martin.;Ivo Strebel.;Desiree Wussler.;Carmela Schumacher.;Stefan Osswald.;Fabian Vogt.;Jonas Hilti.;Sara Barata.;Deborah Schneider.;Jonas Schwarz.;Brigitte Fitze.;Nisha Arenja.;Katharina Rentsch.;Aline Bossa.;Sergio Jallad.;Alexandre Soeiro.;Dimitar Georgiev.;Thomas Jansen.;Gabriele Gebel.;Matthias Bossard.;Michael Christ.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷23期2292-2302页
Short-term infusions of single vasodilators, usually given in a fixed dose, have not improved outcomes in patients with acute heart failure (AHF).
403. Effect of Rocuronium vs Succinylcholine on Endotracheal Intubation Success Rate Among Patients Undergoing Out-of-Hospital Rapid Sequence Intubation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Bertrand Guihard.;Charlotte Chollet-Xémard.;Philippe Lakhnati.;Benoit Vivien.;Claire Broche.;Dominique Savary.;Agnes Ricard-Hibon.;Pierre-Jean Marianne Dit Cassou.;Frédéric Adnet.;Eric Wiel.;Juliette Deutsch.;Cindy Tissier.;Thomas Loeb.;Vincent Bounes.;Emmanuel Rousseau.;Patricia Jabre.;Laetitia Huiart.;Cyril Ferdynus.;Xavier Combes.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷23期2303-2312页
Rocuronium and succinylcholine are often used for rapid sequence intubation, although the comparative efficacy of these paralytic agents for achieving successful intubation in an emergency setting has not been evaluated in clinical trials. Succinylcholine use has been associated with several adverse events not reported with rocuronium.
404. Effect of Fresh vs Standard-issue Red Blood Cell Transfusions on Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Philip C Spinella.;Marisa Tucci.;Dean A Fergusson.;Jacques Lacroix.;Paul C Hébert.;Stéphane Leteurtre.;Kenneth B Schechtman.;Allan Doctor.;Robert A Berg.;Tina Bockelmann.;J Jaime Caro.;Fabrizio Chiusolo.;Lucy Clayton.;Jill M Cholette.;Gonzalo Garcia Guerra.;Cassandra D Josephson.;Kusum Menon.;Jennifer A Muszynski.;Marianne E Nellis.;Amrita Sarpal.;Stephanie Schafer.;Marie E Steiner.;Alexis F Turgeon.; .
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷22期2179-2190页
The clinical consequences of red blood cell storage age for critically ill pediatric patients have not been examined in a large, randomized clinical trial.
405. Effect of Thoracoscopic Talc Poudrage vs Talc Slurry via Chest Tube on Pleurodesis Failure Rate Among Patients With Malignant Pleural Effusions: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Rahul Bhatnagar.;Hania E G Piotrowska.;Magda Laskawiec-Szkonter.;Brennan C Kahan.;Ramon Luengo-Fernandez.;Justin C T Pepperell.;Matthew D Evison.;Jayne Holme.;Mohamed Al-Aloul.;Ioannis Psallidas.;Wei Shen Lim.;Kevin G Blyth.;Mark E Roberts.;Giles Cox.;Nicola J Downer.;Jurgen Herre.;Pasupathy Sivasothy.;Daniel Menzies.;Mohammed Munavvar.;Moe M Kyi.;Liju Ahmed.;Alex G West.;Richard N Harrison.;Benjamin Prudon.;Gihan Hettiarachchi.;Biswajit Chakrabarti.;Ajikumar Kavidasan.;Benjamin P Sutton.;Natalie J Zahan-Evans.;Jack L Quaddy.;Anthony J Edey.;Amelia O Clive.;Steven P Walker.;Matthew H R Little.;Xue W Mei.;John E Harvey.;Clare E Hooper.;Helen E Davies.;Mark Slade.;Merle Sivier.;Robert F Miller.;Najib M Rahman.;Nick A Maskell.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷1期60-69页
Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is challenging to manage. Talc pleurodesis is a common and effective treatment. There are no reliable data, however, regarding the optimal method for talc delivery, leading to differences in practice and recommendations.
406. Effect of Single-Fraction vs Multifraction Radiotherapy on Ambulatory Status Among Patients With Spinal Canal Compression From Metastatic Cancer: The SCORAD Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Peter J Hoskin.;Kirsten Hopkins.;Vivek Misra.;Tanya Holt.;Rhona McMenemin.;Danny Dubois.;Fiona McKinna.;Bernadette Foran.;Krishnaswamy Madhavan.;Carol MacGregor.;Andrew Bates.;Noelle O'Rourke.;Jason F Lester.;Tim Sevitt.;Daniel Roos.;Sanjay Dixit.;Gillian Brown.;Seonaid Arnott.;Sharon Shibu Thomas.;Sharon Forsyth.;Sandy Beare.;Krystyna Reczko.;Allan Hackshaw.;Andre Lopes.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷21期2084-2094页
Malignant spinal canal compression, a major complication of metastatic cancer, is managed with radiotherapy to maintain mobility and relieve pain, although there is no standard radiotherapy regimen.
407. Association of Receipt of a Housing Voucher With Subsequent Hospital Utilization and Spending.
作者: Craig Evan Pollack.;Amanda L Blackford.;Shawn Du.;Stefanie Deluca.;Rachel L J Thornton.;Bradley Herring.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷21期2115-2124页
Although neighborhoods are thought to be an important health determinant, evidence for the relationship between neighborhood poverty and health care use is limited, as prior studies have largely used observational data without an experimental design.
408. Effect of Ubrogepant vs Placebo on Pain and the Most Bothersome Associated Symptom in the Acute Treatment of Migraine: The ACHIEVE II Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Richard B Lipton.;David W Dodick.;Jessica Ailani.;Kaifeng Lu.;Michelle Finnegan.;Armin Szegedi.;Joel M Trugman.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷19期1887-1898页
Ubrogepant is an oral calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist under investigation for acute treatment of migraine.
409. Association of Umbilical Cord Milking vs Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping With Death or Severe Intraventricular Hemorrhage Among Preterm Infants.
作者: Anup Katheria.;Frank Reister.;Jochen Essers.;Marc Mendler.;Helmut Hummler.;Akila Subramaniam.;Waldemar Carlo.;Alan Tita.;Giang Truong.;Shareece Davis-Nelson.;Georg Schmölzer.;Radha Chari.;Joseph Kaempf.;Mark Tomlinson.;Toby Yanowitz.;Stacy Beck.;Hyagriv Simhan.;Eugene Dempsey.;Keelin O'Donoghue.;Shazia Bhat.;Matthew Hoffman.;Arij Faksh.;Kathy Arnell.;Wade Rich.;Neil Finer.;Yvonne Vaucher.;Paritosh Khanna.;Mariana Meyers.;Michael Varner.;Phillip Allman.;Jeff Szychowski.;Gary Cutter.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷19期1877-1886页
Umbilical cord milking as an alternative to delayed umbilical cord clamping may provide equivalent benefits to preterm infants, but without delaying resuscitation.
410. Effect of Delayed vs Immediate Umbilical Cord Clamping on Maternal Blood Loss in Term Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Stephanie E Purisch.;Cande V Ananth.;Brittany Arditi.;Logan Mauney.;Barouyr Ajemian.;Amy Heiderich.;Tina Leone.;Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷19期1869-1876页
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends a delay in umbilical cord clamping in term neonates for at least 30 to 60 seconds after birth. Most literature supporting this practice is from low-risk vaginal deliveries. There are no published data specific to cesarean delivery.
411. Effect of Bempedoic Acid vs Placebo Added to Maximally Tolerated Statins on Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: The CLEAR Wisdom Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Anne C Goldberg.;Lawrence A Leiter.;Erik S G Stroes.;Seth J Baum.;Jeffrey C Hanselman.;LeAnne T Bloedon.;Narendra D Lalwani.;Pragna M Patel.;Xin Zhao.;P Barton Duell.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷18期1780-1788页
Additional treatment options are needed for patients who do not achieve sufficient reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level with available lipid-lowering therapies.
412. Effect of Vitamin D and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Kidney Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Ian H de Boer.;Leila R Zelnick.;John Ruzinski.;Georgina Friedenberg.;Julie Duszlak.;Vadim Y Bubes.;Andrew N Hoofnagle.;Ravi Thadhani.;Robert J Glynn.;Julie E Buring.;Howard D Sesso.;JoAnn E Manson.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷19期1899-1909页
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes that can lead to end-stage kidney disease and is associated with high cardiovascular risk. Few treatments are available to prevent CKD in type 2 diabetes.
413. Effect of Caspofungin vs Fluconazole Prophylaxis on Invasive Fungal Disease Among Children and Young Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Brian T Fisher.;Theoklis Zaoutis.;Christopher C Dvorak.;Michael Nieder.;Danielle Zerr.;John R Wingard.;Colleen Callahan.;Doojduen Villaluna.;Lu Chen.;Ha Dang.;Adam J Esbenshade.;Sarah Alexander.;Joseph M Wiley.;Lillian Sung.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷17期1673-1681页
Children, adolescents, and young adults with acute myeloid leukemia are at high risk of life-threatening invasive fungal disease with both yeasts and molds.
414. Effect of Fluoxetine on Obsessive-Compulsive Behaviors in Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Dinah S Reddihough.;Catherine Marraffa.;Anissa Mouti.;Molly O'Sullivan.;Katherine J Lee.;Francesca Orsini.;Philip Hazell.;Joanna Granich.;Andrew J O Whitehouse.;John Wray.;David Dossetor.;Paramala Santosh.;Natalie Silove.;Michael Kohn.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷16期1561-1569页
Selective serotonin receptor inhibitors are prescribed to reduce the severity of core behaviors of autism spectrum disorders, but their efficacy remains uncertain.
415. Effect of Cryotherapy vs Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure on Cervical Disease Recurrence Among Women With HIV and High-Grade Cervical Lesions in Kenya: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Sharon A Greene.;Hugo De Vuyst.;Grace C John-Stewart.;Barbra A Richardson.;Christine J McGrath.;Kara G Marson.;T Tony Trinh.;Nelly Yatich.;Catherine Kiptinness.;Anthony Cagle.;Evans Nyongesa-Malava.;Samah R Sakr.;Nelly R Mugo.;Michael H Chung.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷16期1570-1579页
The World Health Organization recommends cryotherapy or loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or higher regardless of HIV status. Cryotherapy is more feasible in resource-limited settings but may be less effective for women living with HIV.
416. Effect of a Nutritional and Behavioral Intervention on Energy-Reduced Mediterranean Diet Adherence Among Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: Interim Analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Carmen Sayón-Orea.;Cristina Razquin.;Mónica Bulló.;Dolores Corella.;Montserrat Fitó.;Dora Romaguera.;Jesús Vioque.;Ángel M Alonso-Gómez.;Julia Wärnberg.;J Alfredo Martínez.;Luís Serra-Majem.;Ramón Estruch.;Francisco J Tinahones.;José Lapetra.;Xavier Pintó.;Josep A Tur.;José López-Miranda.;Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas.;Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez.;Pilar Matía-Martín.;Lidia Daimiel.;Vicente Martín Sánchez.;Josep Vidal.;Clotilde Vázquez.;Emilio Ros.;Miguel Ruiz-Canela.;José V Sorlí.;Olga Castañer.;Miquel Fiol.;Eva M Navarrete-Muñoz.;Fernando Arós.;Enrique Gómez-Gracia.;M Angeles Zulet.;Almudena Sánchez-Villegas.;Rosa Casas.;Rosa Bernal-López.;José M Santos-Lozano.;Emili Corbella.;Cristina Bouzas.;Ana García-Arellano.;Josep Basora.;Eva M Asensio.;Helmut Schröder.;Manuel Moñino.;Manoli García de la Hera.;Lucas Tojal-Sierra.;Estefanía Toledo.;Andrés Díaz-López.;Albert Goday.;Jordi Salas-Salvadó.;Miguel A Martínez-González.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷15期1486-1499页
High-quality dietary patterns may help prevent chronic disease, but limited data exist from randomized trials about the effects of nutritional and behavioral interventions on dietary changes.
417. Effect of Intra-Articular Sprifermin vs Placebo on Femorotibial Joint Cartilage Thickness in Patients With Osteoarthritis: The FORWARD Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Marc C Hochberg.;Ali Guermazi.;Hans Guehring.;Aida Aydemir.;Stephen Wax.;Patricia Fleuranceau-Morel.;Asger Reinstrup Bihlet.;Inger Byrjalsen.;Jeppe Ragnar Andersen.;Felix Eckstein.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷14期1360-1370页
Sprifermin is under investigation as a disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug.
418. Effect of a Hospital-Initiated Program Combining Transitional Care and Long-term Self-management Support on Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Hanan Aboumatar.;Mohammad Naqibuddin.;Suna Chung.;Hina Chaudhry.;Samuel W Kim.;Jamia Saunders.;Lee Bone.;Ayse P Gurses.;Amy Knowlton.;Peter Pronovost.;Nirupama Putcha.;Cynthia Rand.;Debra Roter.;Carol Sylvester.;Carol Thompson.;Jennifer L Wolff.;Judith Hibbard.;Robert A Wise.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷14期1371-1380页
Patients hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations have high rehospitalization rates and reduced quality of life.
419. Effect of Postextubation High-Flow Nasal Oxygen With Noninvasive Ventilation vs High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Alone on Reintubation Among Patients at High Risk of Extubation Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Arnaud W Thille.;Grégoire Muller.;Arnaud Gacouin.;Rémi Coudroy.;Maxens Decavèle.;Romain Sonneville.;François Beloncle.;Christophe Girault.;Laurence Dangers.;Alexandre Lautrette.;Séverin Cabasson.;Anahita Rouzé.;Emmanuel Vivier.;Anthony Le Meur.;Jean-Damien Ricard.;Keyvan Razazi.;Guillaume Barberet.;Christine Lebert.;Stephan Ehrmann.;Caroline Sabatier.;Jeremy Bourenne.;Gael Pradel.;Pierre Bailly.;Nicolas Terzi.;Jean Dellamonica.;Guillaume Lacave.;Pierre-Éric Danin.;Hodanou Nanadoumgar.;Aude Gibelin.;Lassane Zanre.;Nicolas Deye.;Alexandre Demoule.;Adel Maamar.;Mai-Anh Nay.;René Robert.;Stéphanie Ragot.;Jean-Pierre Frat.; .
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷15期1465-1475页
High-flow nasal oxygen may prevent postextubation respiratory failure in the intensive care unit (ICU). The combination of high-flow nasal oxygen with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) may be an optimal strategy of ventilation to avoid reintubation.
420. Effect of Vitamin C Infusion on Organ Failure and Biomarkers of Inflammation and Vascular Injury in Patients With Sepsis and Severe Acute Respiratory Failure: The CITRIS-ALI Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Alpha A Fowler.;Jonathon D Truwit.;R Duncan Hite.;Peter E Morris.;Christine DeWilde.;Anna Priday.;Bernard Fisher.;Leroy R Thacker.;Ramesh Natarajan.;Donald F Brophy.;Robin Sculthorpe.;Rahul Nanchal.;Aamer Syed.;Jamie Sturgill.;Greg S Martin.;Jonathan Sevransky.;Markos Kashiouris.;Stella Hamman.;Katherine F Egan.;Andrei Hastings.;Wendy Spencer.;Shawnda Tench.;Omar Mehkri.;James Bindas.;Abhijit Duggal.;Jeanette Graf.;Stephanie Zellner.;Lynda Yanny.;Catherine McPolin.;Tonya Hollrith.;David Kramer.;Charles Ojielo.;Tessa Damm.;Evan Cassity.;Aleksandra Wieliczko.;Matthew Halquist.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷13期1261-1270页
Experimental data suggest that intravenous vitamin C may attenuate inflammation and vascular injury associated with sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
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