当前位置: 首页 >> 检索结果
4081. A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators.
作者: J W Mason.;J B O'Connell.;A Herskowitz.;N R Rose.;B M McManus.;M E Billingham.;T E Moon.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷5期269-75页
Myocarditis is a serious disorder, and treatment options are limited. This trial was designed to determine whether immunosuppressive therapy improves left ventricular function in patients with myocarditis and to examine measures of the immune response as predictors of the severity and outcome of disease.
4082. Reconstitution of hematopoiesis after high-dose chemotherapy by autologous progenitor cells generated ex vivo.
Autologous peripheral-blood progenitor cells can restore hematopoiesis after high-dose chemotherapy in patients with solid tumors or hematologic cancers. We investigated the ability of peripheral-blood progenitor cells generated ex vivo to restore hematopoiesis in patients with cancer who have undergone high-dose chemotherapy.
4083. A comparison of conservative and aggressive transfusion regimens in the perioperative management of sickle cell disease. The Preoperative Transfusion in Sickle Cell Disease Study Group.
作者: E P Vichinsky.;C M Haberkern.;L Neumayr.;A N Earles.;D Black.;M Koshy.;C Pegelow.;M Abboud.;K Ohene-Frempong.;R V Iyer.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷4期206-13页
Preoperative transfusions are frequently given to prevent perioperative morbidity in patients with sickle cell anemia. There is no consensus, however, on the best regimen of transfusions for this purpose.
4084. A comparison of magnesium sulfate with phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia.
Magnesium sulfate is used widely to prevent eclamptic seizures in pregnant women with hypertension, but few studies have compared the efficacy of magnesium sulfate with that of other drugs. Anticonvulsant prophylaxis with phenytoin for eclampsia has been recommended, but there are virtually no data to support its efficacy. Our objective was to compare magnesium sulfate with phenytoin in preventing seizures in hypertensive women during labor.
4085. Attenuation of isoproterenol-mediated vasodilatation in blacks.
作者: C C Lang.;C M Stein.;R M Brown.;R Deegan.;R Nelson.;H B He.;M Wood.;A J Wood.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷3期155-60页
The mechanism of enhanced vascular reactivity in young blacks, which may play a part in the development of hypertension, has not been defined. To determine the contribution of blunted vasodilatation mediated by beta 2-adrenergic receptors to this phenomenon, we compared forearm blood-flow responses to isoproterenol in young black and white normotensive men.
4086. The effect of glucocorticoids on joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. The Arthritis and Rheumatism Council Low-Dose Glucocorticoid Study Group.
Oral glucocorticoids are widely used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but their effect on joint destruction, as assessed radiologically, is uncertain.
4087. Combination therapy with cyclosporine and methotrexate in severe rheumatoid arthritis. The Methotrexate-Cyclosporine Combination Study Group.
作者: P Tugwell.;T Pincus.;D Yocum.;M Stein.;O Gluck.;G Kraag.;R McKendry.;J Tesser.;P Baker.;G Wells.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷3期137-41页
Patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis who are treated with methotrexate frequently have only partial improvement.
4088. Amiodarone in patients with congestive heart failure and asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmia. Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure.
作者: S N Singh.;R D Fletcher.;S G Fisher.;B N Singh.;H D Lewis.;P C Deedwania.;B M Massie.;C Colling.;D Lazzeri.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷2期77-82页
Asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmias in patients with congestive heart failure are associated with increased rates of overall mortality and sudden death. Amiodarone is now used widely to prevent ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. We conducted a trial to determine whether amiodarone can reduce overall mortality in patients with congestive heart failure and asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmias.
4089. Optimal oral anticoagulant therapy in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and recent cerebral ischemia.
A number of studies have demonstrated the efficacy of oral anticoagulant therapy in reducing the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. However, both the targeted and the actual levels of anticoagulation differed widely among the studies, and a number of studies failed to report standardized prothrombin-time ratios as international normalized ratios (INRs). We therefore performed an analysis to determine the intensity of oral anticoagulant therapy in nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation that provides the best balance between the prevention of thromboembolism and the occurrence of bleeding complications.
4090. The treatment of scabies with ivermectin.
Ivermectin is an anthelmintic agent that has been a safe, effective treatment for onchocerciasis (river blindness) when given in a single oral dose of 150 to 200 micrograms per kilogram of body weight. Anecdotal reports of improvement in patients who suffered from infestation with the mite Sarcoptes scabiei suggest that the ectoparasitic disease scabies might be treated with ivermectin.
4091. A comparison of symptoms after the consumption of milk or lactose-hydrolyzed milk by people with self-reported severe lactose intolerance.
Ingestion of a large dose of the milk sugar lactose--for example, the 50-g load in 1 liter of milk--causes symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, and flatulence in the majority of people with lactose malabsorption. It is uncertain whether the ingestion of more common doses of lactose, such as the amount in 240 ml (8 oz) of milk, causes symptoms. Some people insist that even smaller quantities of milk, such as the amount used with cereal or coffee, cause severe gastrointestinal distress.
4092. Treatment of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma with a combination of interferon alfa and zidovudine.
作者: P S Gill.;W Harrington.;M H Kaplan.;R C Ribeiro.;J M Bennett.;H A Liebman.;M Bernstein-Singer.;B M Espina.;L Cabral.;S Allen.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷26期1744-8页
Infection with the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I, a retrovirus, can cause a distinctive cancer, adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. The median survival of patients with the acute and lymphomatous forms of the disease is short, despite the use of cytotoxic chemotherapy.
4093. Suppression of alcohol-induced hypertension by dexamethasone.
作者: D Randin.;P Vollenweider.;L Tappy.;E Jéquier.;P Nicod.;U Scherrer.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷26期1733-7页
Alcohol consumption is associated with an increased incidence of hypertension and stroke, but the triggering mechanisms are unclear. In animals, alcohol causes activation of the sympathetic nervous system and also stimulates the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which has sympatho-excitatory effects when administered centrally.
4094. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor after initial chemotherapy for elderly patients with primary acute myelogenous leukemia. Cancer and Leukemia Group B.
作者: R M Stone.;D T Berg.;S L George.;R K Dodge.;P A Paciucci.;P Schulman.;E J Lee.;J O Moore.;B L Powell.;C A Schiffer.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷25期1671-7页
Elderly patients with primary acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) are less likely to enter remission than younger adults, in part because of a higher mortality rate related to severe myelosuppression. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to shorten the duration of neutropenia and decrease infectious complications when administered after chemotherapy to patients with lymphomas and solid tumors.
4095. A comparison of six weeks with six months of oral anticoagulant therapy after a first episode of venous thromboembolism. Duration of Anticoagulation Trial Study Group.
作者: S Schulman.;A S Rhedin.;P Lindmarker.;A Carlsson.;G Lärfars.;P Nicol.;E Loogna.;E Svensson.;B Ljungberg.;H Walter.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷25期1661-5页
The optimal duration of oral anticoagulant therapy after a first episode of venous thromboembolism is still a matter of debate.
4096. A controlled study of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in elderly patients after treatment for acute myelogenous leukemia. AML Cooperative Study Group.
作者: H Dombret.;C Chastang.;P Fenaux.;J Reiffers.;D Bordessoule.;R Bouabdallah.;F Mandelli.;A Ferrant.;G Auzanneau.;H Tilly.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷25期1678-83页
Intensive chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) continues to yield low rates of complete remission and survival among patients over the age of 65 years. Infection-related mortality is particularly high among these patients during the period of neutropenia that follows chemotherapy. We determined the effect of lenograstim (glycosylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) on mortality at eight weeks (the main end point) and the rate of complete remission among patients with AML who were 65 years old or older.
4097. Anal dynamic graciloplasty in the treatment of intractable fecal incontinence.
作者: C G Baeten.;B P Geerdes.;E M Adang.;E Heineman.;J Konsten.;G L Engel.;A D Kester.;F Spaans.;P B Soeters.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷24期1600-5页
In patients with intractable fecal incontinence, conventional treatment is not always successful. Dynamic graciloplasty (transposition of the gracilis muscle to the anus with the implantation of stimulating electrodes) was developed to provide such patients with functional neosphincters. We evaluated the clinical results of this new surgical approach and the effects on quality of life.
4098. Long-term treatment of osteopetrosis with recombinant human interferon gamma.
作者: L L Key.;R M Rodriguiz.;S M Willi.;N M Wright.;H C Hatcher.;D R Eyre.;J K Cure.;P P Griffin.;W L Ries.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷24期1594-9页
Congenital osteopetrosis is a rare osteosclerotic bone disease characterized by both a defect in osteoclastic function and reduced generation of superoxide by leukocytes. The disease is frequently fatal during the first decade of life. A six-month trial of therapy with recombinant human interferon gamma-1b in eight patients with osteopetrosis provided evidence of benefit, prompting this study of more prolonged therapy.
4099. Fluoxetine in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoria. Canadian Fluoxetine/Premenstrual Dysphoria Collaborative Study Group.
作者: M Steiner.;S Steinberg.;D Stewart.;D Carter.;C Berger.;R Reid.;D Grover.;D Streiner.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷23期1529-34页
Premenstrual dysphoria shares certain features with depression and anxiety states, which have been linked to serotonergic dysregulation. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of fluoxetine (which selectively inhibits the reuptake of serotonin) in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoria.
4100. A comparison of three interferon alfa-2b regimens for the long-term treatment of chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis. Multicenter Study Group.
作者: T Poynard.;P Bedossa.;M Chevallier.;P Mathurin.;C Lemonnier.;C Trepo.;P Couzigou.;J L Payen.;M Sajus.;J M Costa.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷22期1457-62页
We studied the effects of long-term treatment with interferon on histologic features of the liver and serum alanine aminotransferase concentrations in patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis.
|