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4061. Alcohol use and alcohol-related problems before and after military combat deployment.
作者: Isabel G Jacobson.;Margaret A K Ryan.;Tomoko I Hooper.;Tyler C Smith.;Paul J Amoroso.;Edward J Boyko.;Gary D Gackstetter.;Timothy S Wells.;Nicole S Bell.
来源: JAMA. 2008年300卷6期663-75页
High rates of alcohol misuse after deployment have been reported among personnel returning from past conflicts, yet investigations of alcohol misuse after return from the current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are lacking.
4063. Estimation of HIV incidence in the United States.
作者: H Irene Hall.;Ruiguang Song.;Philip Rhodes.;Joseph Prejean.;Qian An.;Lisa M Lee.;John Karon.;Ron Brookmeyer.;Edward H Kaplan.;Matthew T McKenna.;Robert S Janssen.; .
来源: JAMA. 2008年300卷5期520-9页
Incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the United States has not been directly measured. New assays that differentiate recent vs long-standing HIV infections allow improved estimation of HIV incidence.
4064. Low-dose physiological growth hormone in patients with HIV and abdominal fat accumulation: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Janet Lo.;Sung Min You.;Bridget Canavan.;James Liebau.;Greg Beltrani.;Polyxeni Koutkia.;Linda Hemphill.;Hang Lee.;Steven Grinspoon.
来源: JAMA. 2008年300卷5期509-19页
Antiretroviral therapy can be associated with visceral adiposity and metabolic complications, increasing cardiovascular risk, and reduced growth hormone (GH) secretion may be a contributing factor.
4065. Sampling-based approach to determining outcomes of patients lost to follow-up in antiretroviral therapy scale-up programs in Africa.
作者: Elvin H Geng.;Nneka Emenyonu.;Mwebesa Bosco Bwana.;David V Glidden.;Jeffrey N Martin.
来源: JAMA. 2008年300卷5期506-7页 4066. Cytomegalovirus reactivation in critically ill immunocompetent patients.
作者: Ajit P Limaye.;Katharine A Kirby.;Gordon D Rubenfeld.;Wendy M Leisenring.;Eileen M Bulger.;Margaret J Neff.;Nicole S Gibran.;Meei-Li Huang.;Tracy K Santo Hayes.;Lawrence Corey.;Michael Boeckh.
来源: JAMA. 2008年300卷4期413-22页
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in immunosuppressed persons, but the incidence and association of CMV reactivation with adverse outcomes in critically ill persons lacking evidence of immunosuppression have not been well defined.
4068. Effect of simvastatin on cognitive functioning in children with neurofibromatosis type 1: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Lianne C Krab.;Arja de Goede-Bolder.;Femke K Aarsen.;Saskia M F Pluijm.;Marlies J Bouman.;Jos N van der Geest.;Maarten Lequin.;Coriene E Catsman.;Willem Frans M Arts.;Steven A Kushner.;Alcino J Silva.;Chris I de Zeeuw.;Henriëtte A Moll.;Ype Elgersma.
来源: JAMA. 2008年300卷3期287-94页
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is among the most common genetic disorders that cause learning disabilities. Recently, it was shown that statin-mediated inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase restores the cognitive deficits in an NF1 mouse model.
4069. Ankle brachial index combined with Framingham Risk Score to predict cardiovascular events and mortality: a meta-analysis.
作者: .;F G R Fowkes.;G D Murray.;I Butcher.;C L Heald.;R J Lee.;L E Chambless.;A R Folsom.;A T Hirsch.;M Dramaix.;G deBacker.;J-C Wautrecht.;M Kornitzer.;A B Newman.;M Cushman.;K Sutton-Tyrrell.;F G R Fowkes.;A J Lee.;J F Price.;R B d'Agostino.;J M Murabito.;P E Norman.;K Jamrozik.;J D Curb.;K H Masaki.;B L Rodríguez.;J M Dekker.;L M Bouter.;R J Heine.;G Nijpels.;C D A Stehouwer.;L Ferrucci.;M M McDermott.;H E Stoffers.;J D Hooi.;J A Knottnerus.;M Ogren.;B Hedblad.;J C Witteman.;M M B Breteler.;M G M Hunink.;A Hofman.;M H Criqui.;R D Langer.;A Fronek.;W R Hiatt.;R Hamman.;H E Resnick.;J Guralnik.;M M McDermott.
来源: JAMA. 2008年300卷2期197-208页
Prediction models to identify healthy individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease have limited accuracy. A low ankle brachial index (ABI) is an indicator of atherosclerosis and has the potential to improve prediction.
4070. Fetuin-A and incident diabetes mellitus in older persons.
作者: Joachim H Ix.;Christina L Wassel.;Alka M Kanaya.;Eric Vittinghoff.;Karen C Johnson.;Annemarie Koster.;Jane A Cauley.;Tamara B Harris.;Steven R Cummings.;Michael G Shlipak.; .
来源: JAMA. 2008年300卷2期182-8页
Fetuin-A is a hepatic secretory protein that binds the insulin receptor and inhibits insulin action in vitro. In prior cross-sectional studies in humans, higher fetuin-A levels were associated with insulin resistance. However, the longitudinal association of fetuin-A with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus is unknown.
4071. Survival following primary androgen deprivation therapy among men with localized prostate cancer.
作者: Grace L Lu-Yao.;Peter C Albertsen.;Dirk F Moore.;Weichung Shih.;Yong Lin.;Robert S DiPaola.;Siu-Long Yao.
来源: JAMA. 2008年300卷2期173-81页
Despite a lack of data, increasing numbers of patients are receiving primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT) as an alternative to surgery, radiation, or conservative management for the treatment of localized prostate cancer.
4077. A 50-year-old woman addicted to heroin: review of treatment of heroin addiction.
Heroin addiction is a complicated medical and psychiatric issue, with well-established as well as newer modes of treatment. The case of Ms W, a 50-year-old woman with a long history of opiate addiction who has been treated successfully with methadone for 9 years and who now would like to consider newer alternatives, illustrates the complex issues of heroin addiction. The treatment of heroin addiction as a chronic disease is reviewed, including social, medical, and cultural issues and pharmacologic treatment with methadone and the more experimental medication options of buprenorphine and naltrexone.
4078. Intra-individual change over time in DNA methylation with familial clustering.
作者: Hans T Bjornsson.;Martin I Sigurdsson.;M Daniele Fallin.;Rafael A Irizarry.;Thor Aspelund.;Hengmi Cui.;Wenqiang Yu.;Michael A Rongione.;Tomas J Ekström.;Tamara B Harris.;Lenore J Launer.;Gudny Eiriksdottir.;Mark F Leppert.;Carmen Sapienza.;Vilmundur Gudnason.;Andrew P Feinberg.
来源: JAMA. 2008年299卷24期2877-83页
Changes over time in epigenetic marks, which are modifications of DNA such as by DNA methylation, may help explain the late onset of common human diseases. However, changes in methylation or other epigenetic marks over time in a given individual have not yet been investigated.
4079. Outcomes following coronary stenting in the era of bare-metal vs the era of drug-eluting stents.
作者: David J Malenka.;Aaron V Kaplan.;F Lee Lucas.;Sandra M Sharp.;Jonathan S Skinner.
来源: JAMA. 2008年299卷24期2868-76页
Although drug-eluting stents reduce restenosis rates relative to bare-metal stents, concerns have been raised that drug-eluting stents may also be associated with an increased risk of stent thrombosis. Our study focused on the effect of stent type on population-based interventional outcomes.
4080. Effectiveness of home blood pressure monitoring, Web communication, and pharmacist care on hypertension control: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Beverly B Green.;Andrea J Cook.;James D Ralston.;Paul A Fishman.;Sheryl L Catz.;James Carlson.;David Carrell.;Lynda Tyll.;Eric B Larson.;Robert S Thompson.
来源: JAMA. 2008年299卷24期2857-67页
Treating hypertension decreases mortality and disability from cardiovascular disease, but most hypertension remains inadequately controlled.
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