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4022. Inhaled nitric oxide for high-altitude pulmonary edema.
作者: U Scherrer.;L Vollenweider.;A Delabays.;M Savcic.;U Eichenberger.;G R Kleger.;A Fikrle.;P E Ballmer.;P Nicod.;P Bärtsch.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷10期624-9页
Pulmonary hypertension is a hallmark of high-altitude pulmonary edema and may contribute to its pathogenesis. When administered by inhalation, nitric oxide, an endothelium-derived relaxing factor, attenuates the pulmonary vasoconstriction produced by short-term hypoxia.
4023. Recombinant erythropoietin for the treatment of anemia in inflammatory bowel disease.
作者: S Schreiber.;S Howaldt.;M Schnoor.;S Nikolaus.;J Bauditz.;C Gasché.;H Lochs.;A Raedler.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷10期619-23页
Some patients with inflammatory bowel disease have anemia that is refractory to treatment with iron and vitamins. We examined whether administering iron and recombinant erythropoietin could raise hemoglobin levels in such patients.
4024. Ragweed immunotherapy in adult asthma.
作者: P S Creticos.;C E Reed.;P S Norman.;J Khoury.;N F Adkinson.;C R Buncher.;W W Busse.;R K Bush.;J Gadde.;J T Li.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷8期501-6页
Although allergen immunotherapy is effective for allergic rhinitis, its role in treating asthma is unclear.
4025. Efficacy of pamidronate in reducing skeletal events in patients with advanced multiple myeloma. Myeloma Aredia Study Group.
作者: J R Berenson.;A Lichtenstein.;L Porter.;M A Dimopoulos.;R Bordoni.;S George.;A Lipton.;A Keller.;O Ballester.;M J Kovacs.;H A Blacklock.;R Bell.;J Simeone.;D J Reitsma.;M Heffernan.;J Seaman.;R D Knight.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷8期488-93页
Skeletal complications are a major clinical manifestation of multiple myeloma. These complications are caused by soluble factors that stimulate osteoclasts to resorb bone. Bisphosphonates such as pamidronate inhibit osteoclastic activity and reduce bone resorption.
4026. A controlled trial of a two-component acellular, a five-component acellular, and a whole-cell pertussis vaccine.
作者: L Gustafsson.;H O Hallander.;P Olin.;E Reizenstein.;J Storsaeter.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷6期349-55页
Because of concern about safety and efficacy, no pertussis vaccine has been included in the vaccination program in Sweden since 1979. To provide data that might permit the reintroduction of a pertussis vaccine, we conducted a placebo-controlled trial of two acellular and one whole-cell pertussis vaccines.
4027. A controlled trial of two acellular vaccines and one whole-cell vaccine against pertussis. Progetto Pertosse Working Group.
作者: D Greco.;S Salmaso.;P Mastrantonio.;M Giuliano.;A E Tozzi.;A Anemona.;M L Ciofi degli Atti.;A Giammanco.;P Panei.;W C Blackwelder.;D L Klein.;S G Wassilak.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷6期341-8页
Concern about both safety and efficacy has made the use of whole-cell pertussis vaccines controversial. In some European countries, including Italy, the rate of vaccination against pertussis is low.
4028. A comparison of continuous intravenous epoprostenol (prostacyclin) with conventional therapy for primary pulmonary hypertension.
作者: R J Barst.;L J Rubin.;W A Long.;M D McGoon.;S Rich.;D B Badesch.;B M Groves.;V F Tapson.;R C Bourge.;B H Brundage.;S K Koerner.;D Langleben.;C A Keller.;S Murali.;B F Uretsky.;L M Clayton.;M M Jöbsis.;S D Blackburn.;D Shortino.;J W Crow.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷5期296-301页
Primary pulmonary hypertension is a progressive disease for which no treatment has been shown in a prospective, randomized trial to improve survival.
4029. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
作者: L Carlos.;C da Silva.;L Müller.;C da Silva.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷4期267-8; author reply 268-9页 4030. Lack of effect of thyroxine in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism who are treated with an antithyroid drug.
Antithyroid drugs are effective in patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease, but the rate of recurrence after treatment is high. In a recent Japanese study, adjunctive treatment with thyroxine (T4) was associated with a recurrence rate 20 times lower than that among patients who received only an antithyroid drug. If these results are confirmed, combined therapy with an antithyroid drug and T4 might become the treatment of choice for all patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism.
4031. Prognostic importance of myocardial ischemia detected by ambulatory monitoring early after acute myocardial infarction.
作者: J B Gill.;J A Cairns.;R S Roberts.;L Costantini.;B J Sealey.;E F Fallen.;C W Tomlinson.;M Gent.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷2期65-70页
After an acute myocardial infarction, it is important to determine the risk of a subsequent coronary event. We studied the prognostic value of myocardial ischemia detected by ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring in patients who had recently had an acute myocardial infarction.
4032. Preinfarction angina as a predictor of more rapid coronary thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
作者: F Andreotti.;V Pasceri.;D R Hackett.;G J Davies.;A W Haider.;A Maseri.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷1期7-12页
When a myocardial infarction is preceded by angina, the infarct tends to be smaller than when there is no preinfarction angina. Prompt recanalization of the occluded infarct-related artery is crucial in limiting the size of the infarct. We prospectively studied the relation among preinfarction unstable angina, the speed of coronary reperfusion, and the size of the infarct in patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving thrombolytic therapy.
4033. Cyclophosphamide and cisplatin compared with paclitaxel and cisplatin in patients with stage III and stage IV ovarian cancer.
作者: W P McGuire.;W J Hoskins.;M F Brady.;P R Kucera.;E E Partridge.;K Y Look.;D L Clarke-Pearson.;M Davidson.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷1期1-6页
Chemotherapy combinations that include an alkylating agent and a platinum coordination complex have high response rates in women with advanced ovarian cancer. Such combinations provide long-term control of disease in few patients, however. We compared two combinations, cisplatin and cyclophosphamide and cisplatin and paclitaxel, in women with ovarian cancer.
4034. Reduced incidence of preterm delivery with metronidazole and erythromycin in women with bacterial vaginosis.
作者: J C Hauth.;R L Goldenberg.;W W Andrews.;M B DuBard.;R L Copper.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷26期1732-6页
Pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis may be at increased risk for preterm delivery. We investigated whether treatment with metronidazole and erythromycin during the second trimester would lower the incidence of delivery before 37 weeks' gestation.
4035. A clinical trial of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor trandolapril in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation (TRACE) Study Group.
作者: L Køber.;C Torp-Pedersen.;J E Carlsen.;H Bagger.;P Eliasen.;K Lyngborg.;J Videbaek.;D S Cole.;L Auclert.;N C Pauly.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷25期1670-6页
Treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors reduces mortality among survivors of acute myocardial infarction, but whether to use ACE inhibitors in all patients or only in selected patients is uncertain.
4036. Treatment with lamivudine, zidovudine, or both in HIV-positive patients with 200 to 500 CD4+ cells per cubic millimeter. North American HIV Working Party.
作者: J J Eron.;S L Benoit.;J Jemsek.;R D MacArthur.;J Santana.;J B Quinn.;D R Kuritzkes.;M A Fallon.;M Rubin.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷25期1662-9页
The reverse-transcriptase inhibitor lamivudine has in vitro synergy with zidovudine against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We studied the activity and safety of lamivudine plus zidovudine as compared with either drug alone as treatment for patients with HIV infection, most of whom had not previously received zidovudine.
4037. A preliminary trial of lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B infection.
作者: J L Dienstag.;R P Perrillo.;E R Schiff.;M Bartholomew.;C Vicary.;M Rubin.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷25期1657-61页
Better treatments for chronic hepatitis B are needed. Lamivudine, the (-)enantiomer of 3'-thiacytidine, is a potent inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV).
4038. Low-molecular-weight heparin for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
作者: R Kay.;K S Wong.;Y L Yu.;Y W Chan.;T H Tsoi.;A T Ahuja.;F L Chan.;K Y Fong.;C B Law.;A Wong.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷24期1588-93页
Despite doubts about their efficacy and concern about their safety, antithrombotic agents are often used to treat acute ischemic stroke. Recent experience in patients with other thromboembolic disorders suggests that low-molecular-weight heparin, which requires only subcutaneous administration once or twice daily, may be more effective and safer than standard (unfractionated) heparin.
4039. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke.
Thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke has been approached cautiously because there were high rates of intracerebral hemorrhage in early clinical trials. We performed a randomized, double-blind trial of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) for ischemic stroke after recent pilot studies suggested that t-PA was beneficial when treatment was begun within three hours of the onset of stroke.
4040. Autologous bone marrow transplantation as compared with salvage chemotherapy in relapses of chemotherapy-sensitive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
作者: T Philip.;C Guglielmi.;A Hagenbeek.;R Somers.;H Van der Lelie.;D Bron.;P Sonneveld.;C Gisselbrecht.;J Y Cahn.;J L Harousseau.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷23期1540-5页
High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation is a therapeutic option for patients with chemotherapy-sensitive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who have relapses. In this report we describe a prospective randomized study of such treatment.
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