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381. Health Expenditures of Patients With Diabetes After Bariatric Surgery: Comparing Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy.
作者: Matthew L Maciejewski.;Lindsay Zepel.;Valerie A Smith.;David E Arterburn.;Mary K Theis.;Aileen Baecker.;Caroline Sloan.;Amy G Clark.;Ryan M Kane.;Christopher R Daigle.;Karen J Coleman.;Aniket A Kawatkar.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷3期305-314页
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) differ in their effects on body weight and risk for reoperation. However, it is unclear whether long-term health expenditures differ by procedure type in patients with diabetes.
382. The Association of Epstein-Barr Virus Donor and Recipient Serostatus With Outcomes After Kidney Transplantation : A Retrospective Cohort Study.
作者: Vishnu S Potluri.;Siqi Zhang.;Douglas E Schaubel.;Salma Shaikhouni.;Emily A Blumberg.;Sunita D Nasta.;Roy D Bloom.;Massiel Cruz-Peralta.;Rajil B Mehta.;Nikhil R Lavu.;Bereket Getachew.;Srijan Tandukar.;Peter P Reese.;Chethan M Puttarajappa.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期157-166页
Prior studies indicate that 1% to 4% of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-seronegative recipients of EBV-seropositive donor (EBV D+/R-) kidneys develop posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). However, these estimates are based on limited data that lack granularity.
383. Guidelines International Network: Principles for Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Health Guideline Enterprise.
作者: Bernardo Sousa-Pinto.;Manuel Marques-Cruz.;Ignacio Neumann.;Yuan Chi.;Artur J Nowak.;Marge Reinap.;Mariette Awad.;Monika Nothacker.;Milana Trucl.;Jan Brozek.;Pablo Alonso-Coello.;Wojtek Wiercioch.;Amir Qaseem.;Elie A Akl.;Holger J Schünemann.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷3期408-415页
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been defined by the High-Level Expert Group on AI of the European Commission as "systems that display intelligent behaviour by analysing their environment and taking actions-with some degree of autonomy-to achieve specific goals." Artificial intelligence has the potential to support guideline planning, development and adaptation, reporting, implementation, impact evaluation, certification, and appraisal of recommendations, which we will refer to as "guideline enterprise." Considering this potential, as well as the lack of guidance for the use of AI in guidelines, the Guidelines International Network (GIN) proposes a set of principles for the development and use of AI tools or processes to support the health guideline enterprise.
384. Effects of Noise and Public Setting on Blood Pressure Readings : A Randomized Crossover Trial.
作者: Junichi Ishigami.;Hairong Liu.;Di Zhao.;Ahmed Sabit.;Chathurangi H Pathiravasan.;Jeanne Charleston.;Edgar R Miller.;Kunihiro Matsushita.;Lawrence J Appel.;Tammy M Brady.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期149-156页
Guidelines emphasize quiet settings for blood pressure (BP) measurement.
385. Impact of Genomic Classifiers on Risk Stratification and Treatment Intensity in Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer : A Systematic Review.
作者: Amir Alishahi Tabriz.;Matthew J Boyer.;Adelaide M Gordon.;David J Carpenter.;Jeffrey R Gingrich.;Sudha R Raman.;Deepika Sirohi.;Alexis Rompre-Brodeur.;Joseph Lunyera.;Fahmin Basher.;Rhonda L Bitting.;Andrzej S Kosinski.;Sarah Cantrell.;Belinda Ear.;Jennifer M Gierisch.;Morgan Jacobs.;Karen M Goldstein.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期218-228页
Tissue-based genomic classifiers (GCs) have been developed to improve prostate cancer (PCa) risk assessment and treatment recommendations.
386. Stroke Rehabilitation: Synopsis of the 2024 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guidelines.
作者: Blessen C Eapen.;Johanna Tran.;Jennifer Ballard-Hernandez.;Andrew Buelt.;Carrie W Hoppes.;Christine Matthews.;Svetlana Pundik.;James Reston.;Zahari Tchopev.;Lisa M Wayman.;Tyler Koehn.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期249-268页
In July 2024, the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) released a joint update of their 2019 clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the management of stroke rehabilitation. This synopsis is a condensed version of the 2024 CPG, highlighting the key aspects of the guideline development process and describing the major recommendations.
387. Census Tract Rurality, Predominant Race and Ethnicity, and Distance to Lung Cancer Screening Facilities : An Ecological Study.
作者: Solmaz Amiri.;Candice L Wilshire.;Clemma Jacobsen Muller.;Cole Allick.;Allison C Welch.;Gary Ferguson.;Dedra Buchwald.;Jed A Gorden.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期177-186页
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends annual lung cancer screening (LCS) for adults who meet specific age and smoking history criteria.
388. Effectiveness of Synchronous Postdischarge Contacts on Health Care Use and Patient Satisfaction : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Joel C Boggan.;Spoorthi Sankineni.;Paul A Dennis.;Dazhe Chen.;Tina Wong Sledge.;David Halpern.;Sharron Rushton.;John W Williams.;Tatyana Der.;Amir Alishahi Tabriz.;Adelaide M Gordon.;Morgan Jacobs.;Nathan A Boucher.;Maria Colandrea.;Anastasia-Stefania Alexopoulos.;Joanne Roman Jones.;Nina Leflore-Lloyd.;Sarah Cantrell.;Karen M Goldstein.;Jennifer M Gierisch.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期229-240页
Postdischarge contacts (PDCs) after hospitalization are common practice, but their effectiveness in reducing use of acute care after discharge remains unclear.
389. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the United States. It is characterized by steatosis in the liver and is potentially reversible. Risk factors include obesity, type 2 mellitus, and other metabolic disorders. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), a more severe form of MASLD, puts patients at risk for cirrhosis, liver decompensation, and liver cancer. Diet, exercise, and weight loss are the cornerstones of management. Although only 1 medication has been approved for treatment of MASH, other pharmacotherapies and surgeries that aid weight loss and optimize metabolic risk factors can be used. Early diagnosis and intervention are important to prevent progression to cirrhosis and its complications, including cancer.
390. Cardiovascular Safety and Fracture Prevention Effectiveness of Denosumab Versus Oral Bisphosphonates in Patients Receiving Dialysis : A Target Trial Emulation.
作者: Soichiro Masuda.;Toshiki Fukasawa.;Shuichi Matsuda.;Koji Kawakami.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期167-176页
Dialysis patients have high rates of fracture morbidity, but evidence on optimal management strategies for osteoporosis is scarce.
391. In subclinical AF, apixaban vs. aspirin reduced stroke or systemic embolism at 3.5 y, regardless of duration of recent subclinical AF episodes.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].
392. Assessing the Risk for Falls in Older Adults After Initiating Gabapentin Versus Duloxetine.
作者: Alexander Chaitoff.;Rishi J Desai.;Niteesh K Choudhry.;Katharina T Jungo.;Nancy Haff.;Julie C Lauffenburger.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期187-198页
The evidence informing the harms of gabapentin use are at risk of bias from comparing users with nonusers.
393. In T1D, weekly efsitora was noninferior to daily degludec for reducing HbA1c but increased severe hypoglycemia at 26 wk.
Endocrinology: [Formula: see text].
394. In HF with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction, finerenone reduced worsening HF or CV death at 32 mo.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].
397. In asymptomatic severe AS, early surgery vs. conservative therapy reduced a composite of death, MI, stroke, or HF hospitalization at 63 mo.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].
398. In adults aged ≥75 y with NSTEMI, an invasive vs. conservative strategy did not improve a composite outcome at a median 4.1 y.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text] Geriatrics: [Formula: see text].
399. In insulin-naive T2D, weekly efsitora was noninferior to daily degludec for reducing HbA1c at 52 wk.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Endocrinology: [Formula: see text].
400. Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Weight Loss Among Adults Without Diabetes : A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
作者: Areesha Moiz.;Kristian B Filion.;Helia Toutounchi.;Michael A Tsoukas.;Oriana H Y Yu.;Tricia M Peters.;Mark J Eisenberg.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期199-217页
Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and dual or triple co-agonists for weight loss among adults with overweight or obesity and without diabetes.
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