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382. Periodic Screening Pelvic Examination: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Recent changes in the periodicity of cervical cancer screening have led to questions about the role of screening pelvic examinations among asymptomatic women.
384. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Daniel E Jonas.;Halle R Amick.;Cynthia Feltner.;Rachel Palmieri Weber.;Marina Arvanitis.;Alexander Stine.;Linda Lux.;Russell P Harris.
来源: JAMA. 2017年317卷4期415-433页
Many adverse health outcomes are associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
385. Folic Acid Supplementation for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: An Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Meera Viswanathan.;Katherine A Treiman.;Julia Kish-Doto.;Jennifer C Middleton.;Emmanuel J L Coker-Schwimmer.;Wanda K Nicholson.
来源: JAMA. 2017年317卷2期190-203页
Neural tube defects are among the most common congenital anomalies in the United States. Periconceptional folic acid supplementation is a primary care-relevant preventive intervention.
386. New-Onset Seizure in Adults and Adolescents: A Review.
Approximately 8% to 10% of the population will experience a seizure during their lifetime. Only about 2% to 3% of patients go on to develop epilepsy. Understanding the underlying etiology leading to an accurate diagnosis is necessary to ensure appropriate treatment and that patients with low risk for recurrence are not treated unnecessarily.
387. Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes: An Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Cynthia Feltner.;Catherine Grodensky.;Charles Ebel.;Jennifer C Middleton.;Russell P Harris.;Mahima Ashok.;Daniel E Jonas.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷23期2531-2543页
Genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection. Vertical transmission of HSV can lead to fetal morbidity and mortality.
388. Association Between Learning Environment Interventions and Medical Student Well-being: A Systematic Review.
作者: Lauren T Wasson.;Amberle Cusmano.;Laura Meli.;Irene Louh.;Louise Falzon.;Meghan Hampsey.;Geoffrey Young.;Jonathan Shaffer.;Karina W Davidson.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷21期2237-2252页
Concerns exist about the current quality of undergraduate medical education and its effect on students' well-being.
389. Prevalence of Depression, Depressive Symptoms, and Suicidal Ideation Among Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Lisa S Rotenstein.;Marco A Ramos.;Matthew Torre.;J Bradley Segal.;Michael J Peluso.;Constance Guille.;Srijan Sen.;Douglas A Mata.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷21期2214-2236页
Medical students are at high risk for depression and suicidal ideation. However, the prevalence estimates of these disorders vary between studies.
390. Screening for Colorectal Cancer and Evolving Issues for Physicians and Patients: A Review.
作者: David Lieberman.;Uri Ladabaum.;Marcia Cruz-Correa.;Carla Ginsburg.;John M Inadomi.;Lawrence S Kim.;Francis M Giardiello.;Richard C Wender.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷20期2135-2145页
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Screening can reduce CRC mortality and incidence, and numerous screening options, although available, complicate informed decision making. This review provides evidence-based tools for primary care physicians to identify patients with higher-than-average-risk and engage patients in informed decision making about CRC screening options.
391. Association Between Palliative Care and Patient and Caregiver Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Dio Kavalieratos.;Jennifer Corbelli.;Di Zhang.;J Nicholas Dionne-Odom.;Natalie C Ernecoff.;Janel Hanmer.;Zachariah P Hoydich.;Dara Z Ikejiani.;Michele Klein-Fedyshin.;Camilla Zimmermann.;Sally C Morton.;Robert M Arnold.;Lucas Heller.;Yael Schenker.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷20期2104-2114页
The use of palliative care programs and the number of trials assessing their effectiveness have increased.
392. Statins for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Roger Chou.;Tracy Dana.;Ian Blazina.;Monica Daeges.;Thomas L Jeanne.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷19期2008-2024页
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States, may be potentially preventable with statin therapy.
393. Primary Care Interventions to Support Breastfeeding: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Carrie D Patnode.;Michelle L Henninger.;Caitlyn A Senger.;Leslie A Perdue.;Evelyn P Whitlock.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷16期1694-1705页
Although 80% of infants in the United States start breastfeeding, only 22% are exclusively breastfed up to around 6 months as recommended by a number of professional organizations.
394. Treatments for Hyperemesis Gravidarum and Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.
作者: Catherine McParlin.;Amy O'Donnell.;Stephen C Robson.;Fiona Beyer.;Eoin Moloney.;Andrew Bryant.;Jennifer Bradley.;Colin R Muirhead.;Catherine Nelson-Piercy.;Dorothy Newbury-Birch.;Justine Norman.;Caroline Shaw.;Emma Simpson.;Brian Swallow.;Laura Yates.;Luke Vale.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷13期1392-1401页
Nausea and vomiting affects approximately 85% of pregnant women. The most severe form, hyperemesis gravidarum, affects up to 3% of women and can have significant adverse physical and psychological sequelae.
395. Will This Hemodynamically Unstable Patient Respond to a Bolus of Intravenous Fluids?
作者: Peter Bentzer.;Donald E Griesdale.;John Boyd.;Kelly MacLean.;Demetrios Sirounis.;Najib T Ayas.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷12期1298-309页
Fluid overload occurring as a consequence of overly aggressive fluid resuscitation may adversely affect outcome in hemodynamically unstable critically ill patients. Therefore, following the initial fluid resuscitation, it is important to identify which patients will benefit from further fluid administration.
396. Association Between Lowering LDL-C and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Among Different Therapeutic Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Michael G Silverman.;Brian A Ference.;Kyungah Im.;Stephen D Wiviott.;Robert P Giugliano.;Scott M Grundy.;Eugene Braunwald.;Marc S Sabatine.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷12期1289-97页
The comparative clinical benefit of nonstatin therapies that reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) remains uncertain.
397. Primary Care Screening and Treatment for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Leila C Kahwati.;Cynthia Feltner.;Michael Halpern.;Carol L Woodell.;Erin Boland.;Halle R Amick.;Rachel Palmieri Weber.;Daniel E Jonas.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷9期970-83页
Five to ten percent of individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) progress to active tuberculosis (TB) disease. Identifying and treating LTBI is a key component of the strategy for reducing the burden of TB disease.
398. The High Cost of Prescription Drugs in the United States: Origins and Prospects for Reform.
The increasing cost of prescription drugs in the United States has become a source of concern for patients, prescribers, payers, and policy makers.
399. Acute Aortic Dissection and Intramural Hematoma: A Systematic Review.
作者: Firas F Mussa.;Joshua D Horton.;Rameen Moridzadeh.;Joseph Nicholson.;Santi Trimarchi.;Kim A Eagle.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷7期754-63页
Acute aortic syndrome (AAS), a potentially fatal pathologic process within the aortic wall, should be suspected in patients presenting with severe thoracic pain and hypertension. AAS, including aortic dissection (approximately 90% of cases) and intramural hematoma, may be complicated by poor perfusion, aneurysm, or uncontrollable pain and hypertension. AAS is uncommon (approximately 3.5-6.0 per 100,000 patient-years) but rapid diagnosis is imperative as an emergency surgical procedure is frequently necessary.
400. Lipid Screening in Childhood and Adolescence for Detection of Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Paula Lozano.;Nora B Henrikson.;John Dunn.;Caitlin C Morrison.;Matt Nguyen.;Paula R Blasi.;Melissa L Anderson.;Evelyn P Whitlock.
来源: JAMA. 2016年316卷6期645-55页
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is characterized by elevated cholesterol concentrations early in life. Untreated FH is associated with premature cardiovascular disease in adulthood.
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