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381. Randomized clinical trial of endobronchial ultrasound needle biopsy with and without aspiration.
作者: Roberto F Casal.;Gregg A Staerkel.;David Ost.;Francisco A Almeida.;Mateen H Uzbeck.;George A Eapen.;Carlos A Jimenez.;Graciela M Nogueras-Gonzalez.;Mona Sarkiss.;Rodolfo C Morice.
来源: Chest. 2012年142卷3期568-573页
Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is performed with a dedicated 22- or 21-gauge needle while suction is applied. Fine-needle sampling without suction (capillary sampling) has been studied for endoscopic ultrasound and for biopsies at various body sites and has resulted in similar diagnostic yield and fewer traumatic samples. However, the role of EBUS-guided transbronchial needle capillary sampling (EBUS-TBNCS) is still to be determined.
382. Correlation of cough with disease activity and treatment with cyclophosphamide in scleroderma interstitial lung disease: findings from the Scleroderma Lung Study.
作者: Arthur C Theodore.;Chi-Hong Tseng.;Ning Li.;Robert M Elashoff.;Donald P Tashkin.
来源: Chest. 2012年142卷3期614-621页
Cough is a significant symptom in patients with scleroderma interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD), affecting 73% of the 158 patients enrolled in the Scleroderma Lung Study (SLS), a multicenter randomized trial of oral cyclophosphamide (CYC) vs placebo (PLA) in patients with active interstitial lung disease.
383. Macrolide antibiotics and survival in patients with acute lung injury.
Animal models suggest that immunomodulatory properties of macrolide antibiotics have therapeutic value for patients with acute lung injury (ALI). We investigated the association between receipt of macrolide antibiotics and clinical outcomes in patients with ALI.
384. The effects of a "new" walking aid on exercise performance in patients with COPD: a randomized crossover trial.
作者: Anouk W Vaes.;Janneke Annegarn.;Kenneth Meijer.;Martijn W J Cuijpers.;Frits M E Franssen.;Jozé Wiechert.;Emiel F M Wouters.;Martijn A Spruit.
来源: Chest. 2012年141卷5期1224-1232页
Generally, the use of a rollator improves mobility in patients with COPD. Nevertheless, not all patients benefit from its use, and many patients feel embarrassed about using it. Therefore, other walking aids are worthwhile to consider. We compared the direct effects of a "new" ambulation aid (a modern draisine) with the effects of a rollator on 6-min walk distance (6MWD) in patients with COPD.
385. Functional and muscular effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with severe COPD: a randomized clinical trial.
作者: Isabelle Vivodtzev.;Richard Debigaré.;Philippe Gagnon.;Vincent Mainguy.;Didier Saey.;Annie Dubé.;Marie-Ève Paré.;Marthe Bélanger.;François Maltais.
来源: Chest. 2012年141卷3期716-725页
The mechanisms through which neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) training may improve limb muscle function and exercise tolerance in COPD are poorly understood. We investigated the functional and muscular effects of NMES in advanced COPD.
386. Oxygen uptake efficiency plateau best predicts early death in heart failure.
The responses of oxygen uptake efficiency (ie, oxygen uptake/ventilation = VO(2)/VE) and its highest plateau (OUEP) during incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in patients with chronic left heart failure (HF) have not been previously reported. We planned to test the hypothesis that OUEP during CPET is the best single predictor of early death in HF.
387. A randomized primary care trial of steroid titration against mannitol in persistent asthma: STAMINA trial.
作者: Brian J Lipworth.;Philip M Short.;Peter A Williamson.;Karine L Clearie.;Thomas C Fardon.;Cathy M Jackson.
来源: Chest. 2012年141卷3期607-615页
We compared titrating inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) against mannitol airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) or a reference strategy (control) based on symptoms, reliever use, and lung function in primary care.
388. Acute effects of salmeterol and fluticasone propionate alone and in combination on airway blood flow in patients with asthma.
The airway contains airway smooth muscle and airway vascular smooth muscle. The acute effects of inhaled long-acting β(2)-adrenergic agonists (LABAs) alone, or in combination with an inhaled glucocorticoid (ICS), on airway smooth muscle tone in asthma are known; however, to the best of our knowledge, their effect on airway vascular smooth muscle tone has not been investigated previously. The objective of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of a LABA and an ICS alone and in combination on airway blood flow (Qaw) as an index of airway vascular smooth muscle tone in patients with stable asthma.
389. Effects of nebulized bronchodilator therapy on heart rate and arrhythmias in critically ill adult patients.
作者: Fahim M Khorfan.;Patricia Smith.;Sandra Watt.;Kimberly R Barber.
来源: Chest. 2011年140卷6期1466-1472页
Tachycardia and tachyarrhythmias are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in adult patients in the ICU. This study examines the effects of nebulized bronchodilator therapy (albuterol and ipratropium) on heart rate and arrhythmias in this population and tests the proposition that levalbuterol is safer than albuterol in that regard.
390. Race and sex differences in response to endothelin receptor antagonists for pulmonary arterial hypertension.
作者: Nicole B Gabler.;Benjamin French.;Brian L Strom.;Ziyue Liu.;Harold I Palevsky.;Darren B Taichman.;Steven M Kawut.;Scott D Halpern.
来源: Chest. 2012年141卷1期20-26页
Recently studied therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have improved outcomes among populations of patients, but little is known about which patients are most likely to respond to specific treatments. Differences in endothelin-1 biology between sexes and between whites and blacks may lead to differences in patients' responses to treatment with endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs).
391. A randomized trial to improve communication about end-of-life care among patients with COPD.
作者: David H Au.;Edmunds M Udris.;Ruth A Engelberg.;Paula H Diehr.;Christopher L Bryson.;Lynn F Reinke.;J Randall Curtis.
来源: Chest. 2012年141卷3期726-735页
Patients with COPD consistently express a desire to discuss end-of-life care with clinicians, but these discussions rarely occur. We assessed whether an intervention using patient-specific feedback about preferences for discussing end-of-life care would improve the occurrence and quality of communication between patients with COPD and their clinicians.
392. Efficacy of aclidinium bromide 400 μg twice daily compared with placebo and tiotropium in patients with moderate to severe COPD.
作者: Rainard Fuhr.;Helgo Magnussen.;Kristina Sarem.;Anna Ribera Llovera.;Anne-Marie Kirsten.;Meritxell Falqués.;Cynthia F Caracta.;Esther Garcia Gil.
来源: Chest. 2012年141卷3期745-752页
The efficacy and safety of aclidinium bromide bid, a novel, long-acting, muscarinic antagonist, was assessed in patients with moderate to severe COPD.
393. Severity of asthma score predicts clinical outcomes in patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma.
The severity of asthma (SOA) score is based on a validated disease-specific questionnaire that addresses frequency of asthma symptoms, use of systemic corticosteroids, use of other asthma medications, and history of hospitalization/intubation for asthma. SOA does not require measurements of pulmonary function. This study compared the ability of SOA to predict clinical outcomes in the EXCELS (Epidemiological Study of Xolair [omalizumab]: Evaluating Clinical Effectiveness and Long-term Safety in Patients with Moderate to Severe Asthma) patient population vs three other asthma assessment tools. EXCELS is a large, ongoing, observational study of patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma and reactivity to perennial aeroallergens.
394. Noninvasive ventilation in mild obesity hypoventilation syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Jean-Christian Borel.;Renaud Tamisier.;Jesus Gonzalez-Bermejo.;Jean-Philippe Baguet.;Denis Monneret.;Nathalie Arnol.;Pascale Roux-Lombard.;Bernard Wuyam.;Patrick Levy.;Jean-Louis Pépin.
来源: Chest. 2012年141卷3期692-702页
Open studies suggest that treatment of obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) by noninvasive ventilation (NIV) restores sleep quality and daytime vigilance and reduces cardiovascular morbidity. However, to our knowledge no randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing NIV to conservative measures is available in the field. The goal of this study was to assess in patients with OHS, during an RCT, effects of 1-month NIV compared with lifestyle counseling on blood gas measurements, sleep quality, vigilance, and cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory parameters.
395. Efficacy of methylprednisolone in preventing lung injury following pulmonary thromboendarterectomy.
作者: Kim M Kerr.;William R Auger.;James J Marsh.;Gehan Devendra.;Roger G Spragg.;Nick H Kim.;Richard N Channick.;Stuart W Jamieson.;Michael M Madani.;Gerard R Manecke.;David M Roth.;Gordon P Shragg.;Peter F Fedullo.
来源: Chest. 2012年141卷1期27-35页
We sought to determine the efficacy and safety of perioperative treatment with methylprednisolone on the development of lung injury after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy.
396. The impact of tiotropium on mortality and exacerbations when added to inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β-agonist therapy in COPD.
作者: Philip M Short.;Peter A Williamson.;Douglas H J Elder.;Samuel I W Lipworth.;Stuart Schembri.;Brian J Lipworth.
来源: Chest. 2012年141卷1期81-86页
Tiotropium has been shown to improve lung function, quality of life, and exacerbations and reduce mortality when compared with placebo in COPD. It remains unclear whether benefits are seen when tiotropium is used in conjunction with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) plus long-acting β-agonists (LABAs).
397. Does age impact the obese asthma phenotype? Longitudinal asthma control, airway function, and airflow perception among mild persistent asthmatics.
作者: Jason E Lang.;Jobayer Hossain.;Anne E Dixon.;David Shade.;Robert A Wise.;Stephen P Peters.;John J Lima.; .
来源: Chest. 2011年140卷6期1524-1533页
The relationship between obesity and asthma remains inadequately defined. Studies about how obesity affects asthma control and lung function show conflicting results. Additional focus on the effect of age as a modifier may make clearer the interaction between obesity and asthma phenotype. We sought to use a diverse and well-phenotyped cohort of asthmatic patients to determine how age impacts the relationship between obesity and spirometry, peak flow variability, airflow perception, and asthma control.
398. Clinical efficacy and safety of budesonide-formoterol in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.
作者: Miguel Ángel Martínez-García.;Juan J Soler-Cataluña.;Pablo Catalán-Serra.;Pilar Román-Sánchez.;Miguel Perpiñá Tordera.
来源: Chest. 2012年141卷2期461-468页
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of medium-dose formoterol-budesonide combined inhaled treatment in a single inhaler compared with high-dose budesonide treatment in patients with non-cystic fibrosis (non-CF) bronchiectasis.
399. The effect of weight loss and exercise training on flow-mediated dilatation in coronary heart disease: a randomized trial.
作者: Philip A Ades.;Patrick D Savage.;Stefan Lischke.;Michael J Toth.;Jean Harvey-Berino.;Janice Y Bunn.;Maryann Ludlow.;David J Schneider.
来源: Chest. 2011年140卷6期1420-1427页
More than 80% of patients entering cardiac rehabilitation are overweight, with a high prevalence of associated insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and a prothrombotic state. Because each of these characteristics is associated with abnormalities of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), a predictor of long-term prognosis in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), we assessed the effect of exercise training and weight reduction on FMD in overweight patients with CHD.
400. Systemic vascular dysfunction in patients with chronic mountain sickness.
作者: Stefano F Rimoldi.;Emrush Rexhaj.;Lorenza Pratali.;Damian M Bailey.;Damian Hutter.;Francesco Faita.;Carlos Salinas Salmòn.;Mercedes Villena.;Pascal Nicod.;Yves Allemann.;Urs Scherrer.;Claudio Sartori.
来源: Chest. 2012年141卷1期139-146页
Chronic mountain sickness (CMS) is a major public health problem characterized by exaggerated hypoxemia and erythrocytosis. In more advanced stages, patients with CMS often present with functional and structural changes of the pulmonary circulation, but there is little information on the systemic circulation. In patients with diseases associated with chronic hypoxemia at low altitude, systemic vascular function is altered. We hypothesized that patients with CMS have systemic vascular dysfunction that may predispose them to increased systemic cardiovascular morbidity.
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