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381. Management of heart failure. III. The role of revascularization in the treatment of patients with moderate or severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
This article reviews the benefits and risks of coronary artery bypass grafting and angioplasty for patients with moderate or severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction and summarizes the recommendations of the expert panel for the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research Heart Failure Guideline.
382. Management of heart failure. II. Counseling, education, and lifestyle modifications.
作者: K Dracup.;D W Baker.;S B Dunbar.;R A Dacey.;N H Brooks.;J C Johnson.;C Oken.;B M Massie.
来源: JAMA. 1994年272卷18期1442-6页
This article reviews the role of counseling, education, dietary modifications, and exercise for patients with heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
383. The effectiveness of four interventions for the prevention of low back pain.
Low back pain affects 60% to 80% of US adults at some time during their lives. This review evaluates the effectiveness of four strategies to prevent low back pain for asymptomatic individuals: back and aerobic exercises, education, mechanical supports (corsets), and risk factor modification.
384. Weight cycling. National Task Force on the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity.
来源: JAMA. 1994年272卷15期1196-202页
To address concerns about the effects of weight cycling and to provide guidance on the risk-to-benefit ratio of attempts at weight loss, given current scientific knowledge.
385. Permissive hypercapnia in acute respiratory failure.
To evaluate the potential efficacy of pressure limitation with permissive hypercapnia in the treatment of acute respiratory failure/adult respiratory distress syndrome on the basis of current theories of ventilator-induced lung injury, potential complications of systemic hypercarbia, and available human outcome studies.
388. Full publication of results initially presented in abstracts. A meta-analysis.
To estimate the rate of full publication of the results of randomized clinical trials initially presented as abstracts at national ophthalmology meetings in 1988 and 1989; and to combine data from this study with data from similar studies to determine the rate at which abstracts are subsequently published in full and the association between selected study characteristics and full publication.
390. A meta-analysis of methods to prevent venous thromboembolism following total hip replacement.
While several methods of prophylaxis have been shown to reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism following total hip replacement, the safest and most effective agent is unclear. To clarify this issue, we performed a meta-analysis of the randomized trials of methods used to prevent venous thromboembolism following total hip replacement.
392. Patient outcomes following tricompartmental total knee replacement. A meta-analysis.
To provide estimates of patient outcomes following tricompartmental knee replacement and to examine variation in outcomes due to patient and prosthesis characteristics.
393. Efficacy of BCG vaccine in the prevention of tuberculosis. Meta-analysis of the published literature.
作者: G A Colditz.;T F Brewer.;C S Berkey.;M E Wilson.;E Burdick.;H V Fineberg.;F Mosteller.
来源: JAMA. 1994年271卷9期698-702页
To quantify the efficacy of BCG vaccine against tuberculosis (TB).
394. Female gender as a risk factor for torsades de pointes associated with cardiovascular drugs.
To test the hypothesis that female prevalence is greater than expected among reported cases of torsades de pointes associated with cardiovascular drugs that prolong cardiac repolarization.
395. The association between beta-agonist use and death from asthma. A meta-analytic integration of case-control studies.
The purpose of this investigation was to provide an empirical summary of the evidence regarding the association between beta-agonist use and death from asthma. This effort integrated the results of case-control studies that examined the use of beta-agonists among asthmatic patients who died and the use of beta-agonists among asthmatic patients who did not die. The possible moderating effects of patient sample age and mode of delivery (oral, metered-dose inhaler, and nebulizer) were also examined.
396. Use of antibiotics in preventing recurrent acute otitis media and in treating otitis media with effusion. A meta-analytic attempt to resolve the brouhaha.
作者: R L Williams.;T C Chalmers.;K C Stange.;F T Chalmers.;S J Bowlin.
来源: JAMA. 1993年270卷11期1344-51页
To determine the efficacy of antibiotics for prophylaxis of recurrent otitis media and treatment of otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.
399. A comparison of results of meta-analyses of randomized control trials and recommendations of clinical experts. Treatments for myocardial infarction.
To examine the temporal relationship between accumulating data from randomized control trials of treatments for myocardial infarction and the recommendations of clinical experts writing review articles and textbook chapters.
400. Comparison of different metronidazole therapeutic regimens for bacterial vaginosis. A meta-analysis.
To evaluate the treatment of bacterial vaginosis with metronidazole to determine if there is a therapeutic regimen that is superior to all others with regard to cure and recurrence rates.
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