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381. Efficacy of glutathione for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an open-label, single-arm, multicenter, pilot study.
作者: Yasushi Honda.;Takaomi Kessoku.;Yoshio Sumida.;Takashi Kobayashi.;Takayuki Kato.;Yuji Ogawa.;Wataru Tomeno.;Kento Imajo.;Koji Fujita.;Masato Yoneda.;Koshi Kataoka.;Masataka Taguri.;Takeharu Yamanaka.;Yuya Seko.;Saiyu Tanaka.;Satoru Saito.;Masafumi Ono.;Satoshi Oeda.;Yuichiro Eguchi.;Wataru Aoi.;Kenji Sato.;Yoshito Itoh.;Atsushi Nakajima.
来源: BMC Gastroenterol. 2017年17卷1期96页
Glutathione plays crucial roles in the detoxification and antioxidant systems of cells and has been used to treat acute poisoning and chronic liver diseases by intravenous injection. This is a first study examining the therapeutic effects of oral administration of glutathione in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
382. Efficacy and Safety of Relamorelin in Diabetics With Symptoms of Gastroparesis: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.
作者: Michael Camilleri.;Richard W McCallum.;Jan Tack.;Sharon C Spence.;Keith Gottesdiener.;Fred T Fiedorek.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷5期1240-1250.e2页
Gastroparesis is a complication of diabetes with few treatment options. Relamorelin (also referred to as RM-131) is a selective, prokinetic agonist of ghrelin. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of relamorelin on symptoms and gastric emptying (GE) in a 12-week, phase 2B study of diabetic patients with moderate to severe gastroparesis symptoms (DG).
383. Active Choice and Financial Incentives to Increase Rates of Screening Colonoscopy-A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Shivan J Mehta.;Jordyn Feingold.;Matthew Vandertuyn.;Tess Niewood.;Catherine Cox.;Chyke A Doubeni.;Kevin G Volpp.;David A Asch.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷5期1227-1229.e2页
Behavioral economic approaches could increase uptake for colorectal cancer screening. We performed a randomized controlled trial of 2245 employees to determine whether an email containing a phone number for scheduling (control), an email with the active choice to opt in or opt out (active choice), or the active choice email plus a $100 incentive (financial incentive) increased colonoscopy completion within 3 months. Higher proportions of participants in the financial incentive group underwent screening (3.7%) than in the control (1.6%) or active choice groups (1.5%) (P = .01 and P < .01). We found no difference in uptake of screening between the active choice and control groups (P = .88). The $100 conditional incentive modestly but significantly increased colonoscopy use. ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT02660671.
384. Randomized Comparison of 3 High-Level Disinfection and Sterilization Procedures for Duodenoscopes.
作者: Graham M Snyder.;Sharon B Wright.;Anne Smithey.;Meir Mizrahi.;Michelle Sheppard.;Elizabeth B Hirsch.;Ram Chuttani.;Riley Heroux.;David S Yassa.;Lovisa B Olafsdottir.;Roger B Davis.;Jiannis Anastasiou.;Vijay Bapat.;Kiran Bidari.;Douglas K Pleskow.;Daniel Leffler.;Benjamin Lane.;Alice Chen.;Howard S Gold.;Anthony Bartley.;Aleah D King.;Mandeep S Sawhney.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷4期1018-1025页
Duodenoscopes have been implicated in the transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO). We compared the frequency of duodenoscope contamination with MDRO or any other bacteria after disinfection or sterilization by 3 different methods.
385. Avoidance of Cow's Milk-Based Formula for At-Risk Infants Does Not Reduce Development of Celiac Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Mila Hyytinen.;Erkki Savilahti.;Suvi M Virtanen.;Taina Härkönen.;Jorma Ilonen.;Kristiina Luopajärvi.;Raivo Uibo.;Outi Vaarala.;Hans K Åkerblom.;Mikael Knip.; .
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷4期961-970.e3页
Feeding during the first months of life might affect risk for celiac disease. Individuals with celiac disease or type 1 diabetes have been reported to have high titers of antibodies against cow's milk proteins. Avoidance of cow's milk-based formula for infants with genetic susceptibility for type 1 diabetes reduced the cumulative incidence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies. We performed a randomized controlled trial in the same population to study whether weaning to an extensively hydrolyzed formula reduced the risk of celiac disease autoimmunity or celiac disease.
387. A Diet Low in FODMAPs Reduces Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome and A Probiotic Restores Bifidobacterium Species: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Heidi Maria Staudacher.;Miranda C E Lomer.;Freda M Farquharson.;Petra Louis.;Francesca Fava.;Elena Franciosi.;Matthias Scholz.;Kieran M Tuohy.;James O Lindsay.;Peter M Irving.;Kevin Whelan.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷4期936-947页
Dietary restriction of fermentable carbohydrates (a low FODMAP diet) has been reported to reduce symptoms in some patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled study to determine its effects on symptoms and the fecal microbiota in patients with IBS.
388. Proton Pump Inhibitors Decrease Phlebotomy Need in HFE Hemochromatosis: Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
作者: Annick Vanclooster.;Cees van Deursen.;Reggy Jaspers.;David Cassiman.;Ger Koek.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷3期678-680.e2页
Phlebotomy constitutes the established treatment for HFE-related hemochromatosis. Retrospective studies have suggested proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduce the need for phlebotomy in this population. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to prove this. Thirty p.C282Y homozygous patients were randomly allocated to PPI (pantoprazole 40 mg/day) or placebo for 12 months. Phlebotomies were performed when serum ferritin was > 100 μg/L. Phlebotomy need turned out to be significantly lower in patients taking PPI (P = .0052). PPI treatment significantly reduces the need for phlebotomies in p.C282Y homozygous patients. In view of the known long-term safety profile of PPI, they can be a valuable addition to standard therapy. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01524757.
389. Agreement Between Magnetic Resonance Imaging Proton Density Fat Fraction Measurements and Pathologist-Assigned Steatosis Grades of Liver Biopsies From Adults With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.
作者: Michael S Middleton.;Elhamy R Heba.;Catherine A Hooker.;Mustafa R Bashir.;Kathryn J Fowler.;Kumar Sandrasegaran.;Elizabeth M Brunt.;David E Kleiner.;Edward Doo.;Mark L Van Natta.;Joel E Lavine.;Brent A Neuschwander-Tetri.;Arun Sanyal.;Rohit Loomba.;Claude B Sirlin.; .
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷3期753-761页
We assessed the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) proton density fat fraction (PDFF) in grading hepatic steatosis and change in hepatic steatosis in adults with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in a multi-center study, using central histology as reference.
390. Prebiotics Reduce Body Fat and Alter Intestinal Microbiota in Children Who Are Overweight or With Obesity.
作者: Alissa C Nicolucci.;Megan P Hume.;Inés Martínez.;Shyamchand Mayengbam.;Jens Walter.;Raylene A Reimer.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷3期711-722页
It might be possible to manipulate the intestinal microbiota with prebiotics or other agents to prevent or treat obesity. However, little is known about the ability of prebiotics to specifically modify gut microbiota in children with overweight/obesity or reduce body weight. We performed a randomized controlled trial to study the effects of prebiotics on body composition, markers of inflammation, bile acids in fecal samples, and composition of the intestinal microbiota in children with overweight or obesity.
391. Late Recurrence of Barrett's Esophagus After Complete Eradication of Intestinal Metaplasia is Rare: Final Report From Ablation in Intestinal Metaplasia Containing Dysplasia Trial.
作者: Cary C Cotton.;W Asher Wolf.;Bergein F Overholt.;Nan Li.;Charles J Lightdale.;Herbert C Wolfsen.;Sarina Pasricha.;Kenneth K Wang.;Nicholas J Shaheen.; .
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷3期681-688.e2页
The goal of treatment for Barrett's esophagus (BE) with dysplasia is complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CEIM). The long-term durability of CEIM has not been well characterized, so the frequency and duration of surveillance are unclear. We report results from a 5-year follow-up analysis of patients with BE and dysplasia treated by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the randomized controlled Ablation of Intestinal Metaplasia Containing Dysplasia (AIM) trial.
392. Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001 Reduces Depression Scores and Alters Brain Activity: A Pilot Study in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
作者: Maria Ines Pinto-Sanchez.;Geoffrey B Hall.;Kathy Ghajar.;Andrea Nardelli.;Carolina Bolino.;Jennifer T Lau.;Francois-Pierre Martin.;Ornella Cominetti.;Christopher Welsh.;Amber Rieder.;Jenna Traynor.;Caitlin Gregory.;Giada De Palma.;Marc Pigrau.;Alexander C Ford.;Joseph Macri.;Bernard Berger.;Gabriela Bergonzelli.;Michael G Surette.;Stephen M Collins.;Paul Moayyedi.;Premysl Bercik.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷2期448-459.e8页
Probiotics can reduce symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but little is known about their effects on psychiatric comorbidities. We performed a prospective study to evaluate the effects of Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001 (BL) on anxiety and depression in patients with IBS.
393. Validation of Antibody-Based Strategies for Diagnosis of Pediatric Celiac Disease Without Biopsy.
作者: Johannes Wolf.;David Petroff.;Thomas Richter.;Marcus K H Auth.;Holm H Uhlig.;Martin W Laass.;Peter Lauenstein.;Andreas Krahl.;Norman Händel.;Jan de Laffolie.;Almuthe C Hauer.;Thomas Kehler.;Gunter Flemming.;Frank Schmidt.;Astor Rodrigues.;Dirk Hasenclever.;Thomas Mothes.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷2期410-419.e17页
A diagnosis of celiac disease is made based on clinical, genetic, serologic, and duodenal morphology features. Recent pediatric guidelines, based largely on retrospective data, propose omitting biopsy analysis for patients with concentrations of IgA against tissue transglutaminase (IgA-TTG) >10-fold the upper limit of normal (ULN) and if further criteria are met. A retrospective study concluded that measurements of IgA-TTG and total IgA, or IgA-TTG and IgG against deamidated gliadin (IgG-DGL) could identify patients with and without celiac disease. Patients were assigned to categories of no celiac disease, celiac disease, or biopsy required, based entirely on antibody assays. We aimed to validate the positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of these diagnostic procedures.
394. Telbivudine treatment started in early and middle pregnancy completely blocks HBV vertical transmission.
作者: Weihui Sun.;Shangfei Zhao.;Lei Ma.;Anhua Hao.;Bo Zhao.;Lin Zhou.;Fengzhu Li.;Mingquan Song.
来源: BMC Gastroenterol. 2017年17卷1期51页
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of treating HBV-positive mothers with telbivudine in early and middle pregnancy to prevent mother-to-infant HBV transmission.
395. Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Applied in a Bioabsorbable Matrix, for Treatment of Perianal Fistulas in Patients With Crohn's Disease.
作者: Allan B Dietz.;Eric J Dozois.;Joel G Fletcher.;Greg W Butler.;Darcie Radel.;Amy L Lightner.;Maneesh Dave.;Jessica Friton.;Asha Nair.;Emily T Camilleri.;Amel Dudakovic.;Andre J van Wijnen.;William A Faubion.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷1期59-62.e2页
In patients with Crohn's disease, perianal fistulas recur frequently, causing substantial morbidity. We performed a 12-patient, 6-month, phase 1 trial to determine whether autologous mesenchymal stem cells, applied in a bioabsorbable matrix, can heal the fistula. Fistula repair was not associated with any serious adverse events related to mesenchymal stem cells or plug placement. At 6 months, 10 of 12 patients (83%) had complete clinical healing and radiographic markers of response. We found placement of mesenchymal stem cell-coated matrix fistula plugs in 12 patients with chronic perianal fistulas to be safe and lead to clinical healing and radiographic response in 10 patients. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01915927.
396. Supplementation of Diet With Galacto-oligosaccharides Increases Bifidobacteria, but Not Insulin Sensitivity, in Obese Prediabetic Individuals.
作者: Emanuel E Canfora.;Christina M van der Beek.;Gerben D A Hermes.;Gijs H Goossens.;Johan W E Jocken.;Jens J Holst.;Hans M van Eijk.;Koen Venema.;Hauke Smidt.;Erwin G Zoetendal.;Cornelis H C Dejong.;Kaatje Lenaerts.;Ellen E Blaak.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷1期87-97.e3页
The gut microbiota affects host lipid and glucose metabolism, satiety, and chronic low-grade inflammation to contribute to obesity and type 2 diabetes. Fermentation end products, in particular the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) acetate, are believed to be involved in these processes. We investigated the long-term effects of supplementation with galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), an acetogenic fiber, on the composition of the human gut microbiota and human metabolism.
397. Efficacy of 8 Weeks of Sofosbuvir, Velpatasvir, and Voxilaprevir in Patients With Chronic HCV Infection: 2 Phase 3 Randomized Trials.
作者: Ira M Jacobson.;Eric Lawitz.;Edward J Gane.;Bernard E Willems.;Peter J Ruane.;Ronald G Nahass.;Sergio M Borgia.;Stephen D Shafran.;Kimberly A Workowski.;Brian Pearlman.;Robert H Hyland.;Luisa M Stamm.;Evguenia Svarovskaia.;Hadas Dvory-Sobol.;Yanni Zhu.;G Mani Subramanian.;Diana M Brainard.;John G McHutchison.;Norbert Bräu.;Thomas Berg.;Kosh Agarwal.;Bal Raj Bhandari.;Mitchell Davis.;Jordan J Feld.;Gregory J Dore.;Catherine A M Stedman.;Alexander J Thompson.;Tarik Asselah.;Stuart K Roberts.;Graham R Foster.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷1期113-122页
Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have high rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) after 12 weeks of treatment with the nucleotide polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir combined with the NS5A inhibitor velpatasvir. We assessed the efficacy of 8 weeks of treatment with sofosbuvir and velpatasvir plus the pangenotypic NS3/4A protease inhibitor voxilaprevir (sofosbuvir-velpatasvir-voxilaprevir).
398. Efficacy and Safety of MEDI2070, an Antibody Against Interleukin 23, in Patients With Moderate to Severe Crohn's Disease: A Phase 2a Study.
作者: Bruce E Sands.;Jingjing Chen.;Brian G Feagan.;Mark Penney.;William A Rees.;Silvio Danese.;Peter D R Higgins.;Paul Newbold.;Raffaella Faggioni.;Kaushik Patra.;Jing Li.;Paul Klekotka.;Chris Morehouse.;Erik Pulkstenis.;Jörn Drappa.;René van der Merwe.;Robert A Gasser.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年153卷1期77-86.e6页
MEDI2070 is a human monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits interleukin 23 (IL23), a cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). We analyzed its safety and efficacy in treatment of CD in a phase 2a study.
399. Costs and quality of life of small-incision open cholecystectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy - an expertise-based randomised controlled trial.
作者: Mats H Rosenmüller.;Erik Nilsson.;Fredrik Lindberg.;Sten-Olof Åberg.;Markku M Haapamäki.
来源: BMC Gastroenterol. 2017年17卷1期48页
Health care providers need solid evidence based data on cost differences between alternative surgical procedures for common surgical disorders. We aimed to compare small-incision open cholecystectomy (SIOC) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) concerning costs and health-related quality of life using data from an expertise-based randomised controlled trial.
400. Factors Associated With Shorter Colonoscopy Surveillance Intervals for Patients With Low-Risk Colorectal Adenomas and Effects on Outcome.
作者: Joseph C Anderson.;John A Baron.;Dennis J Ahnen.;Elizabeth L Barry.;Roberd M Bostick.;Carol A Burke.;Robert S Bresalier.;Timothy R Church.;Bernard F Cole.;Marcia Cruz-Correa.;Adam S Kim.;Leila A Mott.;Robert S Sandler.;Douglas J Robertson.
来源: Gastroenterology. 2017年152卷8期1933-1943.e5页
Endoscopists do not routinely follow guidelines to survey individuals with low-risk adenomas (LRAs; 1-2 small tubular adenomas, < 1 cm) every 5-10 years for colorectal cancer; many recommend shorter surveillance intervals for these individuals. We aimed to identify the reasons that endoscopists recommend shorter surveillance intervals for some individuals with LRAs and determine whether timing affects outcomes at follow-up examinations.
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