Perinatal depression can have a deleterious impact on mothers and infants.

Screening for multiple types of cancer with a single blood test is potentially transformative.

Rapid changes in the legalized cannabis market have led to the predominance of high-concentration delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) cannabis products.

Accurate blood pressure measurement (BPM) is essential for managing hypertension, but previous studies have not systematically compared different monitoring methods across varying BP levels. To address this gap, a comprehensive analysis using network meta-analysis (NMA) and meta-regression was done to evaluate their agreement and clinical implications.

It is unclear whether weight loss before in vitro fertilization (IVF) improves reproductive outcomes in women with obesity.

Ablation of atrial fibrillation can restore normal heart rhythm, but its effect on clinical outcomes is uncertain.

Unconditional cash transfers (UCTs) through social programs or direct cash transfers (DCTs) may address drivers of pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality.

Dietary interventions are a potential alternative treatment of depression and anxiety.

Poor communication in health care increases the risk for patient safety incidents. However, there is no up-to-date synthesis of these data.

In 2024, infectious disease literature focused on advancements in the treatment of severe infections and prevention of high-burden diseases. Building on prior data, further evidence supports both the use of shorter courses of antibiotics and the earlier transition to oral antibiotics, including for severe infections, such as bacteremia. A new medication has demonstrated significant, high-impact findings in the long-acting category of drugs for the prevention of HIV infection. Antibiotic resistance continues to be a growing threat, and research this year has demonstrated significant advances for new agents helping to combat resistant gram-negative organisms. Research on the long-term sequelae of COVID-19 continues to expand, with a living systematic review providing us a better understanding of symptom management. Novel treatment regimens for Helicobacter pylori infection are being studied, and the evidence is reviewed for these new regimens. Finally, several emerging infections are highlighted to raise awareness of new or concerning outbreaks that may cause significant effects in the coming year.

Migraine is common, affecting 15% of Americans.

Guidance on acute pain management among people with opioid use disorder (OUD) is limited.