Prealbumin, a marker of nutritional and inflammatory status, has shown prognostic value in various malignancies. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of preoperative serum prealbumin levels in gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients undergoing radical resection.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent malignancies worldwide. There is a global trend in the increase of CRC incidence in younger patients. Our objective is to perform a comparative analysis of CRC in younger patients (˂45 years) and in older patients (≥ 45 years) in a sub-Saharan African country.

Insights into the relationship between adiposity and lipid metabolism are provided by the lipid accumulation product (LAP) index, which is particularly relevant in the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the relationship between the LAP index and NAFLD in the Iranian population.

At present, the specific mechanism by which Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection leads to gastric cancer (GC) is not clear. This study aims to systematically evaluate the correlation between H. pylori infection and the risk of GC, obesity and esophageal diseases by collecting and analyzing existing relevant studies, update the existing evidence-based medical evidence, and provide evidence to inform the etiology-based prevention and treatment of GC, obesity and esophageal diseases and further clinical research.

To compare serological and CT imaging parameters between the mild and severe portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) group, and find out the non-invasive predictive markers for PHG severity based on these differences.

Serum uric acid/creatinine (SUA/Cr) can reflect the metabolic status of the body. However, the effect of SUA/Cr on the prognosis of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of SUA/Cr on in-hospital mortality in SAP patients.

C-reactive protein (CRP) has begun to be used in clinical practice to predict the prognosis of cancer patients, but evidence on its prognostic role remains inconsistent. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prognostic value of postoperative CRP among patients with gastric cancer.

Precancerous serrated polyps (SPs) are significant precursor lesions of colorectal cancer (CRC), whose development is associated with lifestyle and dietary preferences. However, the relationship between lifestyle, dietary preferences with precancerous SPs remains underexplored in regionally specific cohorts. This study aimed to investigate the risk associations between lifestyle and dietary preferences and precancerous SPs in a hospital-based cohort from Guangzhou, China.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder of gut-brain interaction, yet data from sub-Saharan Africa remain limited. In Ethiopia, evidence on IBS among medical students is particularly limited, despite this group's high exposure to academic and psychosocial stressors.

Various endoscopic and interventional techniques have been employed in the management of benign colorectal strictures (BCS), but the optimal treatment strategy has not been established. In this real-world study, we divided the patients into four groups based on different treatment regimens: large balloon first (LB group), small balloon first (SB group), stent first (Stent group), and endoscopic incision first (EI group).

Treating chronic hepatitis C virus infection with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) results in a sustained virological response (SVR) in most cases, but hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can occur in some patients after achieving SVR. Thus, this study comprehensively assessed the risk factors associated with the development of HCC during long-term follow-up in patients who achieved SVR. Furthermore, we aimed to identify a group of patients without prior HCC treatment who are at extremely low risk for HCC long after achieving SVR.

Quantification of the human S100A8/S100A9 tetrameric protein complex in stool, referred to as fecal calprotectin, is an extensively validated biomarker supporting the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal diseases. Here, we studied the quaternary protein structures (termed configuration) of S100A8 and S100A9 and their biological function in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).

This research aimed to estimate the prognostic value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients receiving chemotherapy.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is one of the most common infections affecting humanity. As the level of development and socio-economic status of countries decreases, the prevalence of H. pylori infection increases. Although numerous H. pylori eradication regimens have been tested in recent years, the desired level of eradication success has not been achieved. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of alternative treatment protocols.

Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) following splenectomy in patients with Wilson’s disease (WD) complicated by portal hypertension adversely affects prognosis. Therefore, developing and validating an individualized nomogram to predict POPF risk is crucial.

One of the recommended protease inhibitor treatments for HIV is Atazanavir boosted with Ritonavir (ATV/r). However, hyperbilirubinemia is a well-recognized adverse effect of this therapy.

Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for advanced gastric cancer, but in recent years perioperative chemotherapy has been administered in an attempt to improve treatment results. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has illuminated the molecular landscape of gastric cancer. However, genomic changes before and after perioperative chemotherapy and the associated effects on treatment resistance remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify genomic change in gastric cancers treated with perioperative chemotherapy.

Studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) and the risk of acute pancreatitis (AP). In this study we aimed to determine whether ACEis and ARBs are associated with an increased risk of AP.

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) are chronic inflammatory diseases driven by eosinophil-predominant pathologic infiltration in the gastrointestinal tract. The nomenclature system divides EGIDs into eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and non-EoE EGIDs based on whether the inflammation is restricted to the esophagus or involves other gastrointestinal segments. EGIDs are rapidly becoming a focus in gastroenterology due to a continuous increase in incidence and prevalence rates during the past 30 years and no plateau observed to date, particularly for EoE. The evolving epidemiology of EGIDs has been associated with numerous early life and environmental risk factors. The understanding of the natural history of EGIDs has also matured in recent years, with identification of a progression from inflammation to remodelling with fibrosis in EoE and recognition of mucosal, muscle layer, and serosal involvement with a continuous, progressive, or relapsing/remitting course in non-EoE EGIDs. The landscape of pharmacologic treatment for EGIDs has also expanded considerably. Proton pump inhibitors, swallowed topical corticosteroids, elimination diets, and dupilumab are currently recommended for EoE. Systemic or topical corticosteroids, elimination diets, proton pump inhibitors, and some biologic agents have shown efficacy in non-EoE EGIDs, mainly in observational studies, and several novel agents designed for EGIDs are under investigation. The present review discusses recent advances in the epidemiology, natural history, and risk factors of EoE and non-EoE EGIDs. The review also presents an update of treatment strategies according to the latest clinical guidelines and provides an overview of knowledge gaps to inform future research directions.

CRISPR-Cas9 screening is a powerful tool for the in vivo discovery of cancer dependencies. The aim of this study was to perform in vivo CRISPR knockout screening for gastric tumor suppressors using gastric murine organoids in a subcutaneous as well as a surgical model of orthotopic tumor growth.