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361. Effect of Intravenous Acetaminophen on Postoperative Hypoxemia After Abdominal Surgery: The FACTOR Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Alparslan Turan.;Hani Essber.;Wael Saasouh.;Karen Hovsepyan.;Natalya Makarova.;Sabry Ayad.;Barak Cohen.;Kurt Ruetzler.;Loran Mounir Soliman.;Kamal Maheshwari.;Dongsheng Yang.;Edward J Mascha.;Wael Ali Sakr Esa.;Herman Kessler.;Conor P Delaney.;Daniel I Sessler.; .
来源: JAMA. 2020年324卷4期350-358页
Opioid-induced ventilatory depression and hypoxemia is common, severe, and often unrecognized in postoperative patients. To the extent that nonopioid analgesics reduce opioid consumption, they may decrease postoperative hypoxemia.
362. Association of Menopausal Hormone Therapy With Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality During Long-term Follow-up of the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Clinical Trials.
作者: Rowan T Chlebowski.;Garnet L Anderson.;Aaron K Aragaki.;JoAnn E Manson.;Marcia L Stefanick.;Kathy Pan.;Wendy Barrington.;Lewis H Kuller.;Michael S Simon.;Dorothy Lane.;Karen C Johnson.;Thomas E Rohan.;Margery L S Gass.;Jane A Cauley.;Electra D Paskett.;Maryam Sattari.;Ross L Prentice.
来源: JAMA. 2020年324卷4期369-380页
The influence of menopausal hormone therapy on breast cancer remains unsettled with discordant findings from observational studies and randomized clinical trials.
363. Effect of Levothyroxine on Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients With Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Avais Jabbar.;Lorna Ingoe.;Shahid Junejo.;Peter Carey.;Caroline Addison.;Honey Thomas.;Jehill D Parikh.;David Austin.;Kieren G Hollingsworth.;Deborah D Stocken.;Simon H S Pearce.;John P Greenwood.;Azfar Zaman.;Salman Razvi.
来源: JAMA. 2020年324卷3期249-258页
Thyroid hormones play a key role in modulating myocardial contractility. Subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with acute myocardial infarction is associated with poor prognosis.
364. Effect of Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia-Free Survival in Breastfed Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Isabelle Marc.;Bruno Piedboeuf.;Thierry Lacaze-Masmonteil.;William Fraser.;Benoît Mâsse.;Ibrahim Mohamed.;Mosarrat Qureshi.;Jehier Afifi.;Brigitte Lemyre.;Georges Caouette.;Julie Bartholomew.;Anne Monique Nuyt.;Pierre Julien.;Anne Synnes.;Michel Lucas.;Thérèse Perreault.;Lannae Strueby.;Zenon Cieslak.;Kamran Yusuf.;Gustavo Pelligra.;Edith Massé.;Bodil Larsen.;Cecilia de Cabo.;Chelsea Ruth.;Faiza Khurshid.;Pascal M Lavoie.
来源: JAMA. 2020年324卷2期157-167页
Maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation may prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia, but evidence remains inconclusive.
365. Effect of Probiotic Use on Antibiotic Administration Among Care Home Residents: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Christopher C Butler.;Mandy Lau.;David Gillespie.;Eleri Owen-Jones.;Mark Lown.;Mandy Wootton.;Philip C Calder.;Antony J Bayer.;Michael Moore.;Paul Little.;Jane Davies.;Alison Edwards.;Victoria Shepherd.;Kerenza Hood.;F D Richard Hobbs.;Mina Davoudianfar.;Heather Rutter.;Helen Stanton.;Rachel Lowe.;Richard Fuller.;Nick A Francis.
来源: JAMA. 2020年324卷1期47-56页
Probiotics are frequently used by residents in care homes (residential homes or nursing homes that provide residents with 24-hour support for personal care or nursing care), although the evidence on whether probiotics prevent infections and reduce antibiotic use in these settings is limited.
366. Effect of Intraoperative Dexamethasone on Major Complications and Mortality Among Infants Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: The DECISION Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Vladimir Lomivorotov.;Igor Kornilov.;Vladimir Boboshko.;Vladimir Shmyrev.;Ilya Bondarenko.;Ilya Soynov.;Alexey Voytov.;Stanislav Polyanskih.;Oleg Strunin.;Alexander Bogachev-Prokophiev.;Giovanni Landoni.;Caetano Nigro Neto.;Gretel Oliveira Nicolau.;Leonardo Saurith Izquierdo.;Vinícius Nogueira Nascimento.;Zhang Wen.;Hu Renjie.;Zhang Haibo.;Vladlen Bazylev.;Mikhail Evdokimov.;Shahrijar Sulejmanov.;Aleksei Chernogrivov.;Dmitry Ponomarev.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷24期2485-2492页
Corticosteroids are widely used in pediatric cardiac surgery to blunt systemic inflammatory response and to reduce complications; nevertheless, their clinical efficacy is uncertain.
367. Effect of Ticagrelor Monotherapy vs Ticagrelor With Aspirin on Major Bleeding and Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: The TICO Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Byeong-Keuk Kim.;Sung-Jin Hong.;Yun-Hyeong Cho.;Kyeong Ho Yun.;Yong Hoon Kim.;Yongsung Suh.;Jae Young Cho.;Ae-Young Her.;Sungsoo Cho.;Dong Woon Jeon.;Sang-Yong Yoo.;Deok-Kyu Cho.;Bum-Kee Hong.;Hyuckmoon Kwon.;Chul-Min Ahn.;Dong-Ho Shin.;Chung-Mo Nam.;Jung-Sun Kim.;Young-Guk Ko.;Donghoon Choi.;Myeong-Ki Hong.;Yangsoo Jang.; .
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷23期2407-2416页
Discontinuing aspirin after short-term dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) was evaluated as a bleeding reduction strategy. However, the strategy of ticagrelor monotherapy has not been exclusively evaluated in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).
368. Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Glycemic Control in Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Lori M Laffel.;Lauren G Kanapka.;Roy W Beck.;Katherine Bergamo.;Mark A Clements.;Amy Criego.;Daniel J DeSalvo.;Robin Goland.;Korey Hood.;David Liljenquist.;Laurel H Messer.;Roshanak Monzavi.;Thomas J Mouse.;Priya Prahalad.;Jennifer Sherr.;Jill H Simmons.;R Paul Wadwa.;Ruth S Weinstock.;Steven M Willi.;Kellee M Miller.; .; .
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷23期2388-2396页
Adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes exhibit the worst glycemic control among individuals with type 1 diabetes across the lifespan. Although continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been shown to improve glycemic control in adults, its benefit in adolescents and young adults has not been demonstrated.
369. Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Hypoglycemia in Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Richard E Pratley.;Lauren G Kanapka.;Michael R Rickels.;Andrew Ahmann.;Grazia Aleppo.;Roy Beck.;Anuj Bhargava.;Bruce W Bode.;Anders Carlson.;Naomi S Chaytor.;D Steven Fox.;Robin Goland.;Irl B Hirsch.;Davida Kruger.;Yogish C Kudva.;Carol Levy.;Janet B McGill.;Anne Peters.;Louis Philipson.;Athena Philis-Tsimikas.;Rodica Pop-Busui.;Viral N Shah.;Michael Thompson.;Francesco Vendrame.;Alandra Verdejo.;Ruth S Weinstock.;Laura Young.;Kellee M Miller.; .
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷23期2397-2406页
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) provides real-time assessment of glucose levels and may be beneficial in reducing hypoglycemia in older adults with type 1 diabetes.
370. Effect of Physician Notification Regarding Nonadherence to Colorectal Cancer Screening on Early Cancer Detection.
作者: Héloïse Schmeltz.;Cédric Rat.;Corinne Pogu.;Gaëlle Bianco.;Anne Cowppli-Bony.;Aurélie Gaultier.;Jean-Michel Nguyen.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷23期2429-2431页
This cluster randomized clinical trial compares the effect of physician notification for colorectal cancer screening and cancer detection on patients who were in a patient-specific reminders group in which physicians received a list of nonadherent patients, in a generic reminders group in which physicians received general information about regional screening adherence, or in a usual care group in which physicians received no reminders.
371. Effect of Convalescent Plasma Therapy on Time to Clinical Improvement in Patients With Severe and Life-threatening COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Ling Li.;Wei Zhang.;Yu Hu.;Xunliang Tong.;Shangen Zheng.;Juntao Yang.;Yujie Kong.;Lili Ren.;Qing Wei.;Heng Mei.;Caiying Hu.;Cuihua Tao.;Ru Yang.;Jue Wang.;Yongpei Yu.;Yong Guo.;Xiaoxiong Wu.;Zhihua Xu.;Li Zeng.;Nian Xiong.;Lifeng Chen.;Juan Wang.;Ning Man.;Yu Liu.;Haixia Xu.;E Deng.;Xuejun Zhang.;Chenyue Li.;Conghui Wang.;Shisheng Su.;Linqi Zhang.;Jianwei Wang.;Yanyun Wu.;Zhong Liu.
来源: JAMA. 2020年324卷5期460-470页
Convalescent plasma is a potential therapeutic option for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but further data from randomized clinical trials are needed.
372. Effect of C-Reactive Protein-Guided Antibiotic Treatment Duration, 7-Day Treatment, or 14-Day Treatment on 30-Day Clinical Failure Rate in Patients With Uncomplicated Gram-Negative Bacteremia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Elodie von Dach.;Werner C Albrich.;Anne-Sophie Brunel.;Virginie Prendki.;Clémence Cuvelier.;Domenica Flury.;Angèle Gayet-Ageron.;Benedikt Huttner.;Philipp Kohler.;Eva Lemmenmeier.;Shawna McCallin.;Anne Rossel.;Stephan Harbarth.;Laurent Kaiser.;Pierre-Yves Bochud.;Angela Huttner.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷21期2160-2169页
Antibiotic overuse drives antibiotic resistance. Gram-negative bacteremia is a common infection that results in substantial antibiotic use.
373. Effect of a Patient-Centered Decision Support Tool on Rates of Trial of Labor After Previous Cesarean Delivery: The PROCEED Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Miriam Kuppermann.;Anjali J Kaimal.;Cinthia Blat.;Juan Gonzalez.;Mari-Paule Thiet.;Yamilee Bermingham.;Anna L Altshuler.;Allison S Bryant.;Peter Bacchetti.;William A Grobman.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷21期2151-2159页
Reducing cesarean delivery rates in the US is an important public health goal; despite evidence of the safety of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery, most women have scheduled repeat cesarean deliveries. A decision support tool could help increase trial-of-labor rates.
374. Effect of Doxycycline on Aneurysm Growth Among Patients With Small Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: B Timothy Baxter.;Jon Matsumura.;John A Curci.;Ruth McBride.;LuAnn Larson.;William Blackwelder.;Diana Lam.;Marniker Wijesinha.;Michael Terrin.; .
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷20期2029-2038页
Abdominal aortic aneurysms affect more than 3% of US older adults.
375. Effect of Antihypertensive Medication Reduction vs Usual Care on Short-term Blood Pressure Control in Patients With Hypertension Aged 80 Years and Older: The OPTIMISE Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: James P Sheppard.;Jenni Burt.;Mark Lown.;Eleanor Temple.;Rebecca Lowe.;Rosalyn Fraser.;Julie Allen.;Gary A Ford.;Carl Heneghan.;F D Richard Hobbs.;Sue Jowett.;Shahela Kodabuckus.;Paul Little.;Jonathan Mant.;Jill Mollison.;Rupert A Payne.;Marney Williams.;Ly-Mee Yu.;Richard J McManus.; .
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷20期2039-2051页
Deprescribing of antihypertensive medications is recommended for some older patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity when the benefits of continued treatment may not outweigh the harms.
376. Effect of Biomechanical Footwear on Knee Pain in People With Knee Osteoarthritis: The BIOTOK Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Stephan Reichenbach.;David T Felson.;Cesar A Hincapié.;Sarah Heldner.;Lukas Bütikofer.;Armando Lenz.;Bruno R da Costa.;Harald M Bonel.;Richard K Jones.;Gillian A Hawker.;Peter Jüni.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷18期1802-1812页
Individually calibrated biomechanical footwear therapy may improve pain and physical function in people with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis, but the benefits of this therapy are unclear.
377. Effect of Surgery vs Functional Bracing on Functional Outcome Among Patients With Closed Displaced Humeral Shaft Fractures: The FISH Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Lasse Rämö.;Bakir O Sumrein.;Vesa Lepola.;Tuomas Lähdeoja.;Jonas Ranstam.;Mika Paavola.;Teppo Järvinen.;Simo Taimela.; .
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷18期1792-1801页
Humeral shaft fractures traditionally have been treated nonsurgically, but there has been a steady increase in the rate of surgery over the past 2 decades without high-quality evidence to justify the trend.
378. Effect of Intravenous Zoledronic Acid on Tibiofemoral Cartilage Volume Among Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis With Bone Marrow Lesions: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Guoqi Cai.;Dawn Aitken.;Laura L Laslett.;Jean-Pierre Pelletier.;Johanne Martel-Pelletier.;Catherine Hill.;Lyn March.;Anita E Wluka.;Yuanyuan Wang.;Benny Antony.;Leigh Blizzard.;Tania Winzenberg.;Flavia Cicuttini.;Graeme Jones.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷15期1456-1466页
A proof-of-principle study suggested that intravenous zoledronic acid may reduce knee pain and the size of bone marrow lesions in people with knee osteoarthritis, but data from large trials are lacking.
379. Effect of Preemptive Therapy vs Antiviral Prophylaxis on Cytomegalovirus Disease in Seronegative Liver Transplant Recipients With Seropositive Donors: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Nina Singh.;Drew J Winston.;Raymund R Razonable.;G Marshall Lyon.;Fernanda P Silveira.;Marilyn M Wagener.;Terry Stevens-Ayers.;Bradley Edmison.;Michael Boeckh.;Ajit P Limaye.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷14期1378-1387页
Despite the use of a cytomegalovirus (CMV) prevention strategy of antiviral prophylaxis for high-risk CMV-seronegative liver transplant recipients with seropositive donors, high rates of delayed-onset postprophylaxis CMV disease occur. An alternate approach, preemptive therapy (initiation of antiviral therapy for early asymptomatic CMV viremia detected by surveillance testing), has not previously been directly compared with antiviral prophylaxis in these patients.
380. Effect of a Chikungunya Virus-Like Particle Vaccine on Safety and Tolerability Outcomes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Grace L Chen.;Emily E Coates.;Sarah H Plummer.;Cristina A Carter.;Nina Berkowitz.;Michelle Conan-Cibotti.;Josephine H Cox.;Allison Beck.;Mark O'Callahan.;Charla Andrews.;Ingelise J Gordon.;Brenda Larkin.;Rebecca Lampley.;Florence Kaltovich.;Jason Gall.;Kevin Carlton.;Jason Mendy.;Doug Haney.;Jeanine May.;Amy Bray.;Robert T Bailer.;Kimberly A Dowd.;Brittanie Brockett.;David Gordon.;Richard A Koup.;Richard Schwartz.;John R Mascola.;Barney S Graham.;Theodore C Pierson.;Yeycy Donastorg.;Nicolas Rosario.;Jean William Pape.;Bruno Hoen.;André Cabié.;Clemente Diaz.;Julie E Ledgerwood.; .
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷14期1369-1377页
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne Alphavirus prevalent worldwide. There are currently no licensed vaccines or therapies.
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