当前位置: 首页 >> 检索结果
3641. A randomized study of coronary angioplasty compared with bypass surgery in patients with symptomatic multivessel coronary disease. German Angioplasty Bypass Surgery Investigation (GABI).
作者: C W Hamm.;J Reimers.;T Ischinger.;H J Rupprecht.;J Berger.;W Bleifeld.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷16期1037-43页
The standard treatment for patients with symptomatic multivessel coronary artery disease is coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG). Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is widely used as an alternative approach to revascularization, but a systematic comparison of the two procedures is needed. We compared the outcomes in patients one year after complete revascularization with CABG or PTCA.
3642. Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty compared with open surgical commissurotomy for mitral stenosis.
作者: V P Reyes.;B S Raju.;J Wynne.;L W Stephenson.;R Raju.;B S Fromm.;P Rajagopal.;P Mehta.;S Singh.;D P Rao.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷15期961-7页
Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty has been proposed as an alternative to open surgical commissurotomy for the treatment of rheumatic mitral-valve stenosis.
3643. Intensive postremission chemotherapy in adults with acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer and Leukemia Group B.
作者: R J Mayer.;R B Davis.;C A Schiffer.;D T Berg.;B L Powell.;P Schulman.;G A Omura.;J O Moore.;O R McIntyre.;E Frei.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷14期896-903页
About 65 percent of previously untreated adults with primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) enter complete remission when treated with cytarabine and an anthracycline. However, such responses are rarely durable when conventional postremission therapy is administered. Uncontrolled trials have suggested that intensive postremission therapy may prolong these complete remissions.
3644. A comparison of cabergoline and bromocriptine in the treatment of hyperprolactinemic amenorrhea. Cabergoline Comparative Study Group.
作者: J Webster.;G Piscitelli.;A Polli.;C I Ferrari.;I Ismail.;M F Scanlon.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷14期904-9页
Cabergoline is a long-acting dopamine-agonist drug that suppresses prolactin secretion and restores gonadal function in women with hyperprolactinemic amenorrhea. We designed a study to compare its safety and efficacy with those of bromocriptine, which has been the standard therapy.
3645. A comparison of budesonide with prednisolone for active Crohn's disease.
作者: P Rutgeerts.;R Löfberg.;H Malchow.;C Lamers.;G Olaison.;D Jewell.;A Danielsson.;H Goebell.;O O Thomsen.;H Lorenz-Meyer.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷13期842-5页
Patients with active Crohn's disease are often treated with corticosteroids, but the treatment has many side effects. Budesonide is a potent, well-absorbed corticosteroid, but because of a high rate of first-pass metabolism in the liver, its systemic bioavailability is low.
3646. Oral budesonide for active Crohn's disease. Canadian Inflammatory Bowel Disease Study Group.
作者: G R Greenberg.;B G Feagan.;F Martin.;L R Sutherland.;A B Thomson.;C N Williams.;L G Nilsson.;T Persson.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷13期836-41页
Corticosteroids are the most efficacious drugs for inducing remission in active Crohn's disease, but their benefits are frequently offset by serious side effects. Budesonide is a corticosteroid with high topical antiinflammatory activity but low systemic activity because of extensive hepatic metabolism. We investigated the efficacy and safety of an oral controlled-ileal-release preparation of budesonide in patients with active Crohn's disease involving the ileum or ileum and proximal colon.
3647. A multifactorial intervention to reduce the risk of falling among elderly people living in the community.
作者: M E Tinetti.;D I Baker.;G McAvay.;E B Claus.;P Garrett.;M Gottschalk.;M L Koch.;K Trainor.;R I Horwitz.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷13期821-7页
Since falling is associated with serious morbidity among elderly people, we investigated whether the risk of falling could be reduced by modifying known risk factors.
3648. Effects of reducing or discontinuing inhaled budesonide in patients with mild asthma.
作者: T Haahtela.;M Järvinen.;T Kava.;K Kiviranta.;S Koskinen.;K Lehtonen.;K Nikander.;T Persson.;O Selroos.;A Sovijärvi.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷11期700-5页
In a previous study, we found that two years of treatment with an inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide, was more effective than treatment with an inhaled beta 2-agonist, terbutaline, in patients with newly diagnosed, generally mild asthma. We continued this study for a third year to investigate whether the steroid dose could be reduced or discontinued and what effect crossover of patients from beta 2-agonist therapy to corticosteroid therapy would have.
3649. Nifedipine in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic regurgitation and normal left ventricular function.
作者: R Scognamiglio.;S H Rahimtoola.;G Fasoli.;S Nistri.;S Dalla Volta.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷11期689-94页
Vasodilator therapy with nifedipine reduces left ventricular volume and mass and increases the ejection fraction in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic regurgitation.
3650. The role of the plasma from platelet concentrates in transfusion reactions.
作者: N M Heddle.;L Klama.;J Singer.;C Richards.;P Fedak.;I Walker.;J G Kelton.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷10期625-8页
Febrile, nonhemolytic transfusion reactions are the most frequent adverse reactions to platelets. A number of observations argue against the widely held view that these reactions result from the interaction between antileukocyte antibodies in the recipient and leukocytes in the platelet product. We sought to determine whether substances in the plasma or the cells in the product cause reactions to transfused platelets.
3651. Effect of aerosolized recombinant human DNase on exacerbations of respiratory symptoms and on pulmonary function in patients with cystic fibrosis. The Pulmozyme Study Group.
作者: H J Fuchs.;D S Borowitz.;D H Christiansen.;E M Morris.;M L Nash.;B W Ramsey.;B J Rosenstein.;A L Smith.;M E Wohl.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷10期637-42页
Respiratory disease in patients with cystic fibrosis is characterized by airway obstruction caused by the accumulation of thick, purulent secretions, which results in recurrent, symptomatic exacerbations. The viscoelasticity of the secretions can be reduced in vitro by recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I (rhDNase), a bioengineered copy of the human enzyme.
3653. Improving adjuvant therapy for rectal cancer by combining protracted-infusion fluorouracil with radiation therapy after curative surgery.
作者: M J O'Connell.;J A Martenson.;H S Wieand.;J E Krook.;J S Macdonald.;D G Haller.;R J Mayer.;L L Gunderson.;T A Rich.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷8期502-7页
The combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy with fluorouracil plus semustine after surgery has been established as an effective approach to decreasing the risk of tumor relapse and improving survival in patients with rectal cancer who are at high risk for relapse or death. We sought to determine whether the efficacy of chemotherapy could be improved by administering fluorouracil by protracted infusion throughout the duration of radiation therapy and whether the omission of semustine would reduce the toxicity and delayed complications of chemotherapy without decreasing its antitumor efficacy.
3654. A randomized comparison of coronary-stent placement and balloon angioplasty in the treatment of coronary artery disease. Stent Restenosis Study Investigators.
作者: D L Fischman.;M B Leon.;D S Baim.;R A Schatz.;M P Savage.;I Penn.;K Detre.;L Veltri.;D Ricci.;M Nobuyoshi.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷8期496-501页
Coronary-stent placement is a new technique in which a balloon-expandable, stainless-steel, slotted tube is implanted at the site of a coronary stenosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of stent placement and standard balloon angioplasty on angiographically detected restenosis and clinical outcomes.
3655. A comparison of balloon-expandable-stent implantation with balloon angioplasty in patients with coronary artery disease. Benestent Study Group.
作者: P W Serruys.;P de Jaegere.;F Kiemeneij.;C Macaya.;W Rutsch.;G Heyndrickx.;H Emanuelsson.;J Marco.;V Legrand.;P Materne.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷8期489-95页
Balloon-expandable coronary-artery stents were developed to prevent coronary restenosis after coronary angioplasty. These devices hold coronary vessels open at sites that have been dilated. However, it is unknown whether stenting improves long-term angiographic and clinical outcomes as compared with standard balloon angioplasty.
3656. Megestrol acetate for the prevention of hot flashes.
作者: C L Loprinzi.;J C Michalak.;S K Quella.;J R O'Fallon.;A K Hatfield.;R A Nelimark.;A M Dose.;T Fischer.;C Johnson.;N E Klatt.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷6期347-52页
Vasomotor hot flashes are a common symptom in women during menopause and in men who have undergone androgen-deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. Although treatment with estrogens in women and androgens in men can attenuate these symptoms, these hormones may be contraindicated in women with breast cancer and in men with prostate cancer. Pilot trials have suggested that the progestational agent megestrol acetate can ameliorate hot flashes in both groups of patients.
3657. A comparison of intravaginal misoprostol with prostaglandin E2 for termination of second-trimester pregnancy.
The most widely used medical method of terminating second-trimester pregnancy is the intravaginal administration of prostaglandin E2 (dinoprostone [PGE2]). This treatment is highly effective but is associated with severe gastrointestinal side effects and hyperpyrexia.
3658. Nebulized budesonide for children with mild-to-moderate croup.
作者: T P Klassen.;M E Feldman.;L K Watters.;T Sutcliffe.;P C Rowe.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷5期285-9页
Although recent evidence has strongly supported the use of glucocorticoid therapy in children hospitalized with croup, the benefit of this therapy in children with less severe croup has not been documented. This randomized, double-blind trial compared a nebulized glucocorticoid, budesonide, with placebo in outpatients with mild-to-moderate croup.
3659. A clinical trial of antioxidant vitamins to prevent colorectal adenoma. Polyp Prevention Study Group.
作者: E R Greenberg.;J A Baron.;T D Tosteson.;D H Freeman.;G J Beck.;J H Bond.;T A Colacchio.;J A Coller.;H D Frankl.;R W Haile.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年331卷3期141-7页
People who consume a diet high in vegetables and fruits have a lower risk of cancer of the large bowel. Antioxidant vitamins, which are present in vegetables and fruits, have been associated with a diminished risk of cancers at various anatomical sites. We conducted a randomized, controlled clinical trial to test the efficacy of beta carotene and vitamins C and E in preventing colorectal adenoma, a precursor of invasive cancer.
3660. Low-dose cyclosporine for the treatment of Crohn's disease. The Canadian Crohn's Relapse Prevention Trial Investigators.
作者: B G Feagan.;J W McDonald.;J Rochon.;A Laupacis.;R N Fedorak.;D Kinnear.;F Saibil.;A Groll.;A Archambault.;R Gillies.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1994年330卷26期1846-51页
Long-term corticosteroid therapy for Crohn's disease is associated with important types of morbidity, such as osteoporosis. Safe and effective alternative treatments are required. Although a short-term benefit of cyclosporine in active Crohn's disease has been suggested, the long-term safety and efficacy of this treatment have not been established.
|