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349. Ventilatory Efficiency in Transgender Women: Implications of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy for Cardiorespiratory Responses.
作者: Fabrício Braga.;Mauricio Milani.;Ana Carolina Fachetti.;Bruna Kalichsztein.;Gabriel Espinosa.;Fernanda Domecg.;Roberto Zagury.;Karen De Marca.;Rossano Fiorelli.;Dominique Hansen.;Gerson Cipriano.;Ricardo Mourilhe-Rocha.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷3期697-709页
Ventilatory efficiency, a key parameter of cardiopulmonary function assessed through cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), often demonstrates significant variability in transgender women because of the physiologic changes induced by gender-affirming hormone therapy. Understanding these differences is essential for optimizing clinical management and enhancing health outcomes within this population.
350. Association Between Airway Mucus Plugs and Risk of Moderate-to-Severe Exacerbations in Patients With COPD: Results From a Chinese Prospective Cohort Study.
作者: Xueping Li.;Shengchuan Feng.;Yuqiong Yang.;Zhenyu Liang.;Aiqi Song.;Jiawei Chen.;Zijun Guo.;Zizheng Chen.;Chengyu Miao.;Huajing Yang.;Wenqiang He.;Zifei Zhou.;M Brad Drummond.;Rongchang Chen.;Fengyan Wang.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷3期627-638页
Airway mucus plugs are frequently identified on CT scans of patients with COPD and are associated with worse airflow obstruction and higher mortality. However, the association between airway mucus plugs and the risk of acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) has not been extensively studied.
351. Effect of Admilparant, a Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 1 Antagonist, on Disease Progression in Pulmonary Fibrosis.
作者: Michael Kreuter.;Toby M Maher.;Wim A Wuyts.;Claudia Valenzuela.;Mark Hamblin.;Sinae Kim.;Aditya Patel.;Brandon Elpers.;Luca Richeldi.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷3期677-687页
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) are chronic fibrosing interstitial lung diseases associated with irreversible loss of lung function and early mortality. Admilparant (BMS-986278) is an oral lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 antagonist under development for treatment of IPF and PPF.
352. Effect of Ventilator Mode on Ventilator-Free Days in Critically Ill Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Kevin P Seitz.;Bradley D Lloyd.;Li Wang.;Matthew S Shotwell.;Edward T Qian.;Amelia L Muhs.;Roger K Richardson.;J Craig Rooks.;Vanessa Hennings-Williams.;Claire E Sandoval.;Whitney D Richardson.;Tracy L Morgan.;Amber N Thompson.;Pamela G Hastings.;Terry P Ring.;Joanna L Stollings.;Erica M Talbot.;David J Krasinski.;Bailey R DeCoursey.;Tanya K Marvi.;Stephanie C DeMasi.;Kevin W Gibbs.;Wesley H Self.;Amanda S Mixon.;Todd W Rice.;Matthew W Semler.;Jonathan D Casey.; .
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷4期912-923页
Whether the choice of ventilator mode affects outcomes for critically ill patients is unknown.
353. Investigating the Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 Infection on Health Care Utilization in Individuals With COPD.
作者: Joseph S Munn.;Peter C Austin.;Clare L Atzema.;Stacey J Butler.;Candace D McNaughton.;Xuesong Wang.;Andrea S Gershon.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷3期613-626页
Individuals with COPD are at elevated risk of severe outcomes following COVID-19 infection.
354. The Association Between Mechanical Power Within the First 24 Hours and ICU Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Adult Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: A Registry-Based Cohort Study.
作者: Stephan von Düring.;Kuan Liu.;Laveena Munshi.;S Joseph Kim.;Martin Urner.;Neill K J Adhikari.;Ken Kuljit S Parhar.;Eddy Fan.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷4期901-911页
Despite the widespread adoption of lung-protective ventilation strategies, mortality among patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains high. Mechanical power (MP) integrates various variables responsible for ventilator-induced lung injury and has been associated with mortality in patients with ARDS. However, the impact of MP on ICU mortality in the larger group of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) has not been well established, and previous studies have reported inconsistent thresholds for predicting outcomes.
355. Effects of the Combination of Pimavanserin and Atomoxetine on OSA Severity: A Randomized Crossover Trial.
作者: Ludovico Messineo.;Madison Preuss.;Ali Azarbarzin.;Daniel Vena.;Laura Gell.;Atqiya Aishah.;Neda Esmaeili.;Molly Kim.;Isabel Burdick.;Tom Chen.;David White.;Scott A Sands.;Andrew Wellman.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷1期223-235页
OSA pharmacologic interventions like the noradrenergic muscle stimulant atomoxetine have wake-promoting properties. Pimavanserin, a promising serotonin 2A receptor antagonist, may help to counteract atomoxetine's noradrenergic effects by increasing arousal threshold and possibly reducing OSA severity.
356. Bronchiectasis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Prevalence, Predictors, and Clinical Characteristics.
作者: Ophir Freund.;Amir Bar-Shai.;Arik Alkhazov.;Dana Stav.;Yitzhac Hadad.;Tal Moshe Perluk.;Neta Sror.;Ayal Hirsch.;Yulia Ron.;Tamar Thurm.;Amit Herling.;Haim Leibovitzh.;Nitsan Maharshak.;Nathaniel Aviv Cohen.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷2期317-325页
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are known to be associated with bronchiectasis (BE). However, data on patients with inflammatory bowel disease-related bronchiectasis (IBD-BE) are limited.
357. Association of Timely Spirometry With Lower All-Cause Mortality: A Nationwide Obstructive Cohort Study.
Although spirometry is the gold standard for diagnosing COPD, it is underused in clinical practice.
358. CT Emphysema Subtypes and Cardiac Hemodynamics Estimated on MRI: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis COPD Study.
作者: Emilia A Hermann.;Jesse X Yang.;Elsa Angelini.;Pallavi Balte.;David A Bluemke.;James Carr.;Katja Derlin.;Antoinette S Gomes.;Mohammadali Habibi.;Eric A Hoffman.;Chris Johns.;Steven M Kawut.;David G Kiely.;Andrew Laine.;Joao A C Lima.;Martin R Prince.;Benjamin Smith.;Jens Vogel-Claussen.;Karol Watson.;Jim M Wild.;Andrew J Swift.;R Graham Barr.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷2期364-378页
COPD is traditionally associated with pulmonary hypertension, but treatments targeting elevated pulmonary artery pressure in COPD have largely failed, possibly due to an incomplete understanding of subphenotypes of the disease.
359. US Physicians' Perceived Impacts of Abortion Bans in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine.
作者: Katrina E Hauschildt.;Avnee J Kumar.;Elizabeth M Viglianti.;Kelly C Vranas.;Taylor Bernstein.;Leslie Moroz.;Theodore J Iwashyna.; .
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷2期462-473页
Eighteen US states implemented abortion bans between 2022 and 2024. Although emerging evidence shows bans have impacted obstetrics and gynecology, little is known about their impact on other specialties. We hypothesize that pulmonary and critical care medicine may be adversely impacted due to the time-sensitive, high-acuity needs of their patients.
360. Accuracy of Pulse Oximetry and Risk Factors Associated With Discrepancy From Arterial Oxygenation in Asian Patients in the ICU: An Observational Study.
作者: Toshishige Takagi.;Tomoko Fujii.;Sae Nakamura.;Yusuke Tsutsumi.;Shoichi Uezono.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷3期650-660页
Oxygen administration is often guided by pulse oximeter readings. However, inaccuracies have been reported, particularly in patients with darker skin tones. During the COVID-19 pandemic, racial and ethnic disparities in hypoxemia detection emerged, with studies showing a higher incidence of hidden hypoxemia in Black and Hispanic patients. However, limited data exist regarding the Asian population.
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